Potentiality as a Life: Deleuze, Agamben, Beckett

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audronė Žukauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pure Immanence

In Essays Critical and Clinical, Deleuze argues that Beckettian characters usually strive towards becoming imperceptible. This statement immediately poses another question: what is becoming imperceptible and where does it lead? How can we rid ourselves of ourselves? Paradoxically enough, Deleuze states that becoming imperceptible is life. The literal and self-evident meaning of life seems somehow incompatible with the image of dissolving and decaying characters in Beckett's works. Contrary to this self-evidence, the notion of life in Deleuze and Beckett should be interpreted as pure potentiality which opens both the potential to be (or do) and the potential not to be (or do). Beckettian characters together with other figures, such as Bartleby, let us think of a life in its potential not to be. The life of the individual gives way to impersonal and singular life: a life of pure immanence. Such a life can be immanent to a man who no longer has a name, though he can be mistaken for no other: the Beckettian Unnamable.

scholarly journals THE SHADOWS OF SELFDESTRUCTION AND THE MEANING OF LIFE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5(74)) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
V.V. Kryukov ◽  
V.G. Kicheev ◽  
E.V. Sotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
The Individual

The problem of suicide is investigated, namely, different interpretations of suicide in philosophy and psychology are compared. Three different axiological positions of the individual that can become life orientations to suicide are presented. This is an egoistic attitude "from people", expressed in indifference; an altruistic attitude "to people", expressed in self-abasement of a person; an anomic attitude "against people", expressed in aggression. The value of death is presented as an imaginary alternative to life, as an antipode and negation of its meaning, which can become a goal. The hermeneutical method of interpretation of texts is applied. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the illusory nature of value orientations on suicide.

scholarly journals Sensul în viață la vârsta a treia. Stadiu de dezvoltare a personalitatii umane

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Florin Marius Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Erik Erikson ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual

Austrian psychiatrist Viktor Frankl is among the first researchers of the meaning of life. His studies demonstrate the importance of living a meaningful life (Frankl, 1963). Meaning in life has become an important psychological concept in the research of emotional balance throughout life and decisive for the feeling of a fulfilled life in old age. Michael F. Steger's research shows that people who have a meaning in life, sense, and purpose generally feel happier and more satisfied daily, less depressed, anxious, and less likely to engage in risky behaviors. The six-factor model of psychological well-being is a theory developed by Carol Ryff (Carol Ryff, 1989). The meaning of life is studied according to age, age dynamics. The stages of development highlighted by Erik Erikson attach special importance to the meaning given to life lived in the developmental stage suggestively called "Integrity vs. Despair". Theories on aging highlight the terms "salutogenesis” and “pathogenesis”(Antonovsky, 1979) that imply different perspectives on life. Theories agree that meaning in life is an important concept in the ontogenesis of the human personality, necessary for the general well-being of the individual (Carol Ryff) being reflected in the state of physical health and the present emotional disposition (status). What is important, as a conclusion, is that all psychological factors are involved in the meaning of this life. To the extent that man has a meaning, his entire psychic structure participates in its realization. The current study highlights the changes that occur in the personality of the individual in old age and the psychological mechanisms with an adaptive role in this regard.

Mesopotamian Religion

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Tzvi Abusch
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Public ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Short Piece ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cult Of The Individual ◽  
The Temple

This chapter presents the background situation that gave rise to Mesopotamian religious concepts, as well as the forms of the gods and their service in the classical theology of Mesopotamia. The chapter examines both the temple cult, that is, the public dimension of the religion, and the cult of the individual. It studies several supernatural beings, some active in the state pantheon, others in the sphere of family life, and discusses several literary works of religious significance. The chapter concludes its reflections on Mesopotamian religion with a short piece about the Epic of Gilgamesh, a profound Mesopotamian reflection on the meaning of life and death.

MEANING OF LIFE STATES: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND EMPIRICAL TYPOLOGY

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-107
Author(s):  
K. Karpinski
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Integral Form ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Life Tasks ◽  
Crisis Of Meaning ◽  
The Individual

The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical research devoted to the psychological regularities of the formation of the individual as a subject of life in the process of solving meaning of life tasks. This class of tasks of personal development includes the search, preservation and practical implementation of the individual meaning of life. Psychological indicators of the process and the results of solving life meaning tasks are subjective experiences of meaningfulness of life and crisis of meaning. In order to denote the integral form of feedback functioning in the system of self-regulation of the individual as a subject of life, the concept of «meaning of life state» is proposed and theoretically substantiated. Meaning of life states are understood as a specific category of permanent mental states that reflect the status of the subject-object relationship of the individual with his own life. Contrary to the common in psychological science notions of incompatibility and mutual exclusiveness of experiences of meaningfulness of life and meaning of life crisis, the hypothesis that the meaning of life is a specific form of conjugation and integration of these subjective experiences is theoretically argued. On the empirical material it is shown that there are typical combinations of these experiences, which form stable meaning-life states of the person: prosperous, crisis, conflict and stagnant. It is established that the dominant type of the meaning of life state of a person depends on its internal position in relation to the meaning of life tasks, expressed by their acceptance or non-acceptance, as well as on the productivity of their solution in everyday life. As a promising line of development of the present study longitudinal strategy, designed to reveal the psychological mechanisms and regularities of their mutual transitions and transformations, which are conditioned by the dynamics of solving meaning of life tasks.

Imago Dei

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-469
Author(s):  
Joachim Kunstmann
Keyword(s):  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Traditional Scheme ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Symbolic Interpretation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Theological anthropology determines the human being as image of God. He/she is a social being directed towards a counterpart. This is plausible from a psychological perspective as well: the experiences of meaning, happiness, longing and love define the life of the individual in an essential way; these sentiments can be experienced primarily in relation with others or with nature and culture. Based on such existential considerations, religious pedagogy can devote itself to (more) concrete questions and human experiences. It is thereby leaving the traditional scheme of given teaching content and addressee behind, which cannot convince any longer and which is neither overcome by elementarization nor by performative religious didactics. Religion is symbolic interpretation of life; therefore religious pedagogy is plausible inasmuch as it takes questions of (the meaning of) life as its start and brings them to a religious interpretation.

scholarly journals Pendampingan dalam Mehamami Indeks Kebahagiaan Guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) di Tangerang Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nurochim Nurochim ◽  
Siti Ngaisah
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Teacher Competence ◽  
Academic Quality ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Individual

The educational environment is a place where a group of people gather for a long time. In addition, the school is an educational institution that aims to achieve the vision and mission of education. Principals and teachers are human resources, as the driving force for achieving educational goals. Therefore these human resources must be managed properly. Good management starts with understanding the individual, that is feeling happy. Feelings of happiness will make the education human resources can carry out their duties properly. Therefore, community empowerment is important to be implemented to understand the meaning of happiness. The result of this empowerment is that the teacher's happy feelings are quite high. This is seen from the understanding of each dimension namely life satisfaction, feelings, and the meaning of life. However, there are sub-dimensions that are still low, such as conditions for career advancement and teacher competence, and the lack of teacher opportunities to improve academic quality. It is therefore important for policy makers to carry out further studies and empowerment based on teachers. So the teacher can carry out the task well. Keyword: teacher, happiness, life satiscaftion, affect, meaning of life   Abstrak Lingkungan pendidikan merupakan tempat sekelompok orang berkumpul dalam waktu yang lama. Selain itu sekolah merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk mencapai visi dan misi pendidikan. Kepala sekolah dan guru merupakan sumber daya manusia, sebagai penggerak tercapainya tujuan pendidikan. Oleh karena itu sumber daya manusia tersebut harus dikelola dengan baik. Pengelolaan yang baik dimulai dengan memahami individu, yakni perasaan bahagia. Perasaan bahagia akan membuat sumber daya manusia pendidikan dapat melaksanakan tugasnya dengan baik. Oleh kerena itu pemberdayaan masyarakat penting dilaksanakan untuk memahami makna kebahagiaan tersebut. Hasil pemberdayaan ini adalah menunjukkan perasaan bahagia guru cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut dilihat dari pemahaman masing-masing dimensi yakni kepuasan hidup, perasaan, dan makna hidup. Namun demikian, ada sub dimensi yang masih rendah, seperti kondisi peningkatan karir dan kompetensi guru, dan kurangnya kesempatan guru untuk meningkatkan kualitas akademik. Oleh karena itu penting bagi para pemangku kebijakan untuk melaksanakan kajian dan pemberdayaan lebih lanjut yang berbasis pada guru. Sehingga guru dapat melaksanakan tugas dengan baik. Kata Kunci: guru; kebahagiaan; kepuasan hidup; perasaan; makna hidup

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF PERCEPTION OF THE MEANING OF LIFE AT DIFFERENT ONTOGENESIS STAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Irina Melnychuk ◽  
◽  
Sergiy Melnychuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Features

The article summarizes scientific approaches to the problem of the meaning of life in different foreign and domestic psychology. The main ways and sources of meaning of a person's life are analyzed. Three groups of meaningful life values are singled out and described, due to which a person can make his life meaningful (values of creativity, values of experience, values of attitude). The basic patterns of the perception of the meaning of life are described during different age stages of personality: teenage, adolescence, adult age, old age. Particular attention was paid to psychological features in the perception of the meaning of life in teenage and adolescence, when there is an active development of self-awareness is taking place. It is the beginning of a conscious sense of being life defined. Socio-psychological factors, that influence the formation of life goals and value orientations of the individual in the process of ontogenesis are determined. There are critical periods in the perception of the meaning of life, namely: the stage of personality formation (teenage and adolescence), the crisis of mid-life and the crisis of old age. The tendencies of increasing and decreasing satisfaction of one's life are singled out and analyzed. The essence of the meaning of life problem of death is outlined.

Self and Suffering: Deconstruction and Reflexive Definition in Buddhism and Christianity

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Other World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hostile Attitude

In a study of the religious significance of food to medieval woman, Caroline Walker Bynum argues that the ascetic practices embraced by these women are signs of a commitment to explore the religious potentialities of the body rather than being indications of a hostile attitude to the flesh. She comments that belief in the ‘salvific potential of suffering flesh (both our's and God's)’ differentiates Christianity from other world religions, since it is a ‘characteristically Christian idea that the bodily suffering of one person can be substituted for the suffering of another through prayer, purgatory, vicarious communion etc….’ In the discussion which follows I shall attempt to draw out this differentiating characteristic in a comparative study of Christian and Buddhist concepts of, and attitudes to, suffering. I shall suggest that the divergent orientations which structure the religious treatment of this issue are related not only to radically opposing conceptions of the religious ‘path’, but also to different understandings of ‘self’. Although the categories ‘self’ and ‘suffering’ are intimately related in each context, it is my contention that in the Christian context the religious meaning of life becomes apparent to the individual in so far as the content of self is defined progressively in the reflexive encounter with the ‘Other’ (God), an encounter which can be facilitated through suffering. In a Buddhist context, on the other hand, it is precisely such a reflexivity (between self and ‘others’ if not the ‘Other’) which is understood to create and reproduce both self and suffering, and from which the Buddhist desires liberation.

M.M. Rubinstein’s Philosophy of the Individual in the Overall Humanitarian Context of the 20–30s of the XX Century on the Example of the Work «On the Meaning of Life»

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Колесниченко ◽  
Yu. Kolesnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Individual

The article presents an experience research of little-known concept of the personality of the philosopher of the twentieth century M.M. Rubinstein. An attempt was made to correlate the meaning of his concept of the centers with the overall development trend of domestic philosophical knowledge of 20–30s of the XX century. Using the synchronic and diachronic approaches to the study of the problem, the hermeneutic and analytical research methods, the author defines terminology borders of ontognoseology, socio-philosophical and psychological interpretations of the concept of the person as a fundamental philosophical category.

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