Libel, Scandal, and Bad Big Names

George Cukor ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Lennard
Keyword(s):  
Social Forces ◽  
Romeo And Juliet ◽  
Female Self ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Individual

This chapter discusses four of Cukor's films which focus on socially condoned and legitimated identities, especially on their tendency to articulate a particular performance of self as the truthful and necessary expression of one's identity while concealing broader social forces that work to disempower the individual. These four films also illustrate selves that transcend societal prescriptions and, consequently, cannot ever find stable realization within the filmic world that contains them. The films under scrutiny are: Camille (1936) and Romeo and Juliet (1936), which both feature socially forbidden love; and It Should Happen to You (1954) and Les Girls (1957), both of which explore the problematic female self-image.

Metonymy in Dance: Ballet Bunheads Take a Cognitive Turn

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Edward C. Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Level I ◽  
Dance Educators ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy

This essay considers metonymy in dance from the perspective of cognitive science. My goal is to unpack the roles of metaphor and metonymy in dance thought and action: how do they arise, how are they understood, how are they to be explained, and in what ways do they determine a person's doing of dance? The premise of this essay is that language matters at the cultural level and can be determinative at the individual level. I contend that some figures of speech, especially metonymic labels like ‘bunhead’, can not only discourage but dehumanize young dancers, treating them not as subjects who dance but as objects to be danced. The use of metonymy to sort young dancers may undermine the development of healthy self-image, impede strong identity formation, and retard creative-artistic development. The paper concludes with a discussion of the influence of metonymy in dance and implications for dance educators.

scholarly journals Sexual Satisfaction in Obese People

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Parchomiuk ◽  
Janusz Kirenko
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Full Penetration ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Individual

AbstractObesity has numerous consequences for the psychosocial and physical functioning of the individual which most often include comorbidities, disorders, and negative social attitudes influencing self-image. These factors indirectly associate obesity with problems in the sphere of sex life. Empirical evidence on this issue is relatively unambiguous but studies that focus on the positive dimensions of sex life do not provide clear-cut conclusions. Previous studies have often been carried out in specific groups and various socio-cultural conditions. The current study analyzed the relationship between sexual satisfaction and a variable describing preferences, expectations, and needs of obese people and non-obese people. Satisfaction was analyzed taking into account two components. One reflected the degree of discrepancy/convergence between the desired and actual frequency of sexual behavior. The other reflected the degree of pleasure felt in connection with actual sexual behavior. The sample consisted of 148 obese people and 128 non-obese people. Three measures were used: the Sexual Activity Questionnaire, Sexual Stimulus Scale, and Sexual Needs and Reaction Scale. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of sexual satisfaction in either dimension. The results of the regression analysis showed a more complex structure of correlations between satisfaction, preferences, expectations, and needs in obese people compared to non-obese people. Also, the activity of the partner, including experiences during full penetration, was found to be most important for pleasure (as one of the dimensions of satisfaction) in the test group.

A Discussion of Ismail K. White and Chryl N. Laird’s Steadfast Democrats: How Social Forces Shape Black Political Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Michael Leo Owens
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Behavioral Norm ◽  
Black Political Behavior

Charge: As Ismail K. White and Chryl N. Laird note, collectively more than 80% of African Americans self-identify as Democrats according to surveys, and no Republican presidential candidate has won more than 13% of the Black vote since 1968. This is true despite the fact that at the individual level many African Americans are increasingly politically moderate and even conservative. Against this backdrop, what explains the enduring nature of African American support for the Democratic Party? In Steadfast Democrats: How Social Forces Shape Black Political Behavior, White and Laird answer this question by developing the concept of “racialized social constraint,” a unifying behavioral norm meant to empower African Americans as a group and developed through a shared history of struggle against oppression and for freedom and equality. White and Laird consider the historical development of this norm, how it is enforced, and its efficacy both in creating party loyalty and as a path to Black political power in the United States. On the cusp of perhaps the most consequential presidential election in American history, one for which African American turnout was crucial, we asked a range of leading political scientists to assess the relative strengths, weaknesses, and ramifications of this argument.

Romeo and Juliet as Event

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Bartolovich
Keyword(s):  
Individual Event ◽  
Romeo And Juliet ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
The Individual

How are art, love, and politics related to each other in Romeo and Juliet? Building on Adorno’s cautious linking of the lyric poem to society, and on Badiou’s inclusion of love (along with politics, art and science) among his truth procedures, this chapter explores the play’s association of love with art, paying special attention to the pilgrim sonnet. It then goes on to discuss the Friar as a (failed) political mediator between the individual ‘event’ of Romeo and Juliet’s love and the broader transformation of society. The chapter then argues that the anonymous, illiterate serving-man (from whom Romeo learns about the Capulet feast) points us towards the many accidents of birth that demand political redress in Verona. There is more waste of life, love, and talent than is represented simply by the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Only when we recognize this general waste, and our own responsibility to redress it, can we do justice to the play’s imbrication of love, politics and art.

Searching for Sociability in the Stands: A Theory of Sports Spectating

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill J. Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Interpersonal Competition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spectator Attendance

It is argued that the social forces of urbanization, individualism, interpersonal competition, technology, and geographical mobility have brought greater and greater numbers of strangers into people's everyday lives and have made the achievement of primary, social ties with relatives, friends, neighbors, and workmates more difficult. As a result, many are forced to satisfy their needs for sociability in less personal, less intimate, less private ways. It is proposed that sports spectating has emerged as a major urban structure where spectators come together not only to be entertained but to enrich their social psychological lives through the sociable, quasi-intimate relationships available. The changing nature of the sociability experience in America presents sport managers with interesting challenges and opportunities. A number of recommendations are offered for maximizing the gemeinschaft possibilities of sports spectating facilities. By giving greater attention to the individual and communal possibilities of their events, sport managers can increase spectator attendance while rendering an important public service.

The difference model of disability: A change in direction for vocational rehabilitation practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Jonathon S. Breen ◽  
Susan Forwell
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Employment Goals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

AbstractVocational rehabilitation provides guidance and support to individuals with disabilities entering the workforce. Employment plans include considerations of goals, the job market, and pre-existing or trainable skills on the part of job seekers. This process also includes an understanding of the social forces that affect employment goals. Current models of disability include the medical, social, and embodiment models. Each is cognitively based and assumes an element of responsibility or blame, that is, respectively, focused on the individual with a disability, the community, or a combination of these two factors. The difference model of disability offers an alternative understanding of disability by providing an affect-based framework that eliminates the premise of blame. This conceptualization of disability provides a new approach to vocational rehabilitation.

"Social Potential" Models for Modeling Traffic and Transportation

2009 ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rex Oleson ◽  
D. J. Kaup ◽  
Thomas L. Clarke ◽  
Linda C. Malone ◽  
Ladislau Bölöni
Keyword(s):  
Social Forces ◽  
Fish Swimming ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Potential ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Additional Constraints ◽  
Open Fields

The “Social Potential”, which the authors will refer to as the SP, is the name given to a technique of implementing multi-agent movement in simulations by representing behaviors, goals, and motivations as artificial social forces. These forces then determine the movement of the individual agents. Several SP models, including the Flocking, Helbing-Molnar–Farkas-Visek (HMFV), and Lakoba-Kaup-Finkelstein (LKF) models, are commonly used to describe pedestrian movement. A systematic procedure is described here, whereby one can construct and use these and other SP models. The theories behind these models are discussed along with the application of the procedure. Through the use of these techniques, it has been possible to represent schools of fish swimming, flocks of birds flying, crowds exiting rooms, crowds walking through hallways, and individuals wandering in open fields. Once one has an understanding of these models, more complex and specific scenarios could be constructed by applying additional constraints and parameters. The models along with the procedure give a guideline for understanding and implementing simulations using SP techniques.

Description and explanation of the culture-bound syndromes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
The Individual

Recent attempts to deal with cultural variation have adopted one of two approaches: Particularization tries to understand mental illness as the outgrowth of local forms of life, and universalization sees it as a disorder to be understood as the malfunctioning of a common human endowment. What does it means for a syndrome to be bound up with a particular culture? The issues here concern the viability of social constructionist models in cases where the individual minds that are altered by social forces are presumed to work in untypical ways. So this chapter is more broadly about integrating social theory and cognitive theory into a framework for explaining mental illness. This should be applicable to all psychopathology, but has been most fully articulated for culture-bound syndromes, where boundaries between the normal and the pathological are often hardest for psychiatry to distinguish.

scholarly journals Dystopian literature and the sociological imagination

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Seeger ◽  
Daniel Davison-Vecchione
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Sociological Imagination ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Utopian Literature ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Dystopian Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This article argues that sociologists have much to gain from a fuller engagement with dystopian literature. This is because (i) the speculation in dystopian literature tends to be more grounded in empirical social reality than in the case of utopian literature, and (ii) the literary conventions of the dystopia more readily illustrate the relationship between the inner life of the individual and the greater whole of social-historical reality. These conventional features mean dystopian literature is especially attuned to how historically-conditioned social forces shape the inner life and personal experience of the individual, and how acts of individuals can, in turn, shape the social structures in which they are situated. In other words, dystopian literature is a potent exercise of what C. Wright Mills famously termed ‘the sociological imagination’.

Re-embodiment and Rehabilitation

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Keri Chiveralls
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Ordinary Experience ◽  
Identity Reconstruction ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Individual

This article examines the process of rehabilitation through Wendy Seymour's concept of re-embodiment and Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus. It argues that rehabilitation practitioners need to focus not only on the damaged body of the patient, but also on the patient's subjective experiences of health and illness and the wider social context in which they occur. The process of disembodiment caused by periods of injury or sickness creates a rupture in the ordinary experience of the individual in society. In doing so, it renders both the individual habitus and ordinary societal conceptions problematic. Individuals must then embark on a process of transformation or identity reconstruction, whereby they again come to understand themselves as “healthy”. As rehabilitation workers are likely to work closely with people over an extended period of time, they are in an excellent position to consider the person not just as an objective patient, but as a person or subject influenced by many overlapping social forces and relationships that have an impact upon their reconstitution of identity, their rehabilitation and re-embodiment. Thus, rehabilitation as re-embodiment offers an opportunity for both the patient and practitioner to reconsider themselves and their place in society, and in doing so, to effect social change both within themselves and society at large.

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