The Golden Aspects of Roman Imperialism in Film, 1914–2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 225-242
Author(s):  
Anise K. Strong
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
Imperial State ◽  
Historical Periods

The first of three chapters that address Rome’s complicated legacy as an imperial state is Strong’s survey of films that present imperialism as beneficial for Rome’s provincial subjects and other “barbarians,” spanning a century of filmmaking from 1914 to 2015. The films in question were produced by and for members of three imperial states during particular historical periods: Italy between World Wars I and II, the United Kingdom after World War II, and the United States after 9/11. Strong’s analysis treats three major arguments variously offered by these films to justify imperialism as producing golden-age conditions for subjects: the technology and order provided by “civilization,” the enlightened embrace of diverse peoples within one expansive community, and the masculine valor of its soldiers. These portrayals, as products of societies engaged in imperialistic behavior, tend to ignore the moral problems of slavery, repression of Christianity, and the status of women in Roman society. Films treated include Cabiria (1914), Scipio l’Africano (1937), The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964), Monty Python’s Life of Brian (1979), Centurion (2010), The Eagle (2011), and The Last Legion (2007).

Imperialism, Power, and Identity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

Despite what history has taught us about imperialism's destructive effects on colonial societies, many classicists continue to emphasize disproportionately the civilizing and assimilative nature of the Roman Empire and to hold a generally favorable view of Rome's impact on its subject peoples. This book boldly challenges this view using insights from postcolonial studies of modern empires to offer a more nuanced understanding of Roman imperialism. Rejecting outdated notions about Romanization, the book focuses instead on the concept of identity to reveal a Roman society made up of far-flung populations whose experience of empire varied enormously. It examines the nature of power in Rome and the means by which the Roman state exploited the natural, mercantile, and human resources within its frontiers. The book draws on the author's own archaeological work in Britain, Jordan, and North Africa and covers a broad range of topics, including sexual relations and violence; census-taking and taxation; mining and pollution; land and labor; and art and iconography. The book shows how the lives of those under Rome's dominion were challenged, enhanced, or destroyed by the empire's power, and in doing so he redefines the meaning and significance of Rome in today's debates about globalization, power, and empire. This book advances a new agenda for classical studies, one that views Roman rule from the perspective of the ruled and not just the rulers. A new preface reflects on some of the reactions prompted by the initial publication of the book.

scholarly journals Politicizing Religion

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-99
Author(s):  
Uta A. Balbier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter defines Graham’s crusades in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom in the 1950s as powerful cultural orchestrations of Cold War culture. It explores the reasons of leading political figures to support Graham, the media discourses that constructed Graham’s image as a cold warrior, and the religious and political worldviews of the religious organizers of the crusades in London, Washington, New York, and Berlin. In doing so, the chapter shows how hopes for genuine re-Christianization, in response to looming secularization, anticommunist fears, and post–World War II national anxieties, as well as spiritual legitimizations for the Cold War conflict, blended in Graham’s campaign work. These anxieties, hopes, and worldviews crisscrossed the Atlantic, allowing Graham and his campaign teams to make a significant contribution to creating an imagined transnational “spiritual Free World.”

The Politically Weak

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-119
Author(s):  
Martin Crotty ◽  
Neil J. Diamant ◽  
Mark Edele
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Democratic Systems

This chapter investigates the cases of victory and defeat and explains what politically influential veterans were able to produce to secure benefits and rights. It focuses on China after its long period of war and civil war that ended in 1949, the United Kingdom after both world wars, the United States after World War I, and the USSR after World War II. It analyses the cases wherein veterans had little or limited success in securing meaningful social and political status. The chapter identifies factors that determine the veterans' status, where it is victory or defeat, or authoritarian versus democratic systems of government. It discusses the political process and the attempts to convert claims into entitlements in order to explain the negative outcomes for the veterans of victorious armies.

The Policies of Localism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Local Television ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Commercial Markets ◽  
The Status ◽  
Structural Regulation ◽  
Key Terms

Chapters 2 through 5 house the case studies for the book. Each chapter is sub-divided by country to give the reader a detailed understanding of the dynamics at play. Chapter 2 assesses the structural regulation of local television by focusing on a key issue in the debate over local television. It thus considers the FCC’s quadrennial ownership reviews in the United States, the fee-for-carriage debate in Canada, and Ofcom’s reviews of public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom. This chapter also introduces two key terms: public good and market failure. The chapter demonstrates how the local is bound so tightly to commercial markets, broadcasting technologies and the status quo that alternatives views are effective erased.

scholarly journals Quo vadis Rorschach-teszt? A Rorschach-próba múltja, jelene, krízisei, megújulása és jövője

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-32
Author(s):  
Császár-Nagy Noémi
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
World War ◽  
Death Phase ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quo Vadis ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Historical Periods

Célkitűzés: A tanulmány a Rorschach projektív személyiségvizsgáló eljárás történeti nyomvonalán haladva a teszt fejlődésének, kríziseinek és megújulásának fázisait teszi követhetővé.Módszertan: Alapvető forrásmunkák, monográfiák, történeti és szakirodalmi tanulmányokon alapuló gyűjtés adatainak rendezése, történeti és fejlődési korszakokra tagolása.Eredmények: A teszt szakmatörténeti fejlődési útját hat szakaszra tagolva ismertetjük az ötlettől a megvalósulásig: történések Hermann Rorschach haláláig (1. szakasz); a teszt sorsa a Rorschach halála utáni évtizedben (1923-1936) (2. szakasz); a teszt súlypontjának átkerülése az USA-ba (3. szakasz); a második világháborútól a hetvenes évekig terjedő időszak (1941-1970), a teszt fénykora és alkonya (4. szakasz); a teszt újjászületése, a szintézisteremtő John Exner munkássága (5. szakasz), valamint: támadások tüzében és az új R-PAS teszt születése (6. szakasz).Következtetések: A fejlődési út a teszt keletkezésétől kezdve mindmáig konfliktushordozó. A kauzális gondolkodás fegyelme, a tesztológia pszichometrikus követelményei, valamint az életszerű közelítés, a viselkedés átfogó és intuitív értelmezési módja közt feszülő, megújuló ellentéteket tárja fel. A konfliktus kezelésének történeti jellegzetessége a hegeli „megszüntetve megőrzés" (Aufheben), a régibe ágyazódó, megújuló módszertanok születése. Ezt tükrözi a Rorschach-teszt története is.Objective: This study makes the phases of the test's development, crises and renewal traceable by means of the historical trajectory of the Rorschach Projective Personality Examination Procedure.Methodology: An analysis of data collected from essential sources, including monographs as well as historical and literary studies, broken down into the historical periods of the test's development.Results: The historical trajectory of the test is described in six phases: From the idea to its realisation - the events prior to Hermann Rorschach's death (Phase 1); The fate of the test in the decade after Rorschach's death (1923-36) (Phase 2); The shift in focus to the United States (Phase 3); The period from World War II to the 1970s (1941-1970), The golden age and decline of the test (Phase 4); The rebirth of the test and the work of the synthesiser John Exner (Phase 5); and The test under attack and the birth of the new R-PAS test (Phase 6).Conclusions: The test's path of development, from its genesis up to the present day, has been marked by conflict. This reveals the tense and on-going contradictions between the discipline of causal thinking, the psychometric requirements of testing and a realistic, comprehensive and intuitive approach to interpreting behaviour. A historical feature of conflict management in Hegelian terms is 'sublation ' (Aufheben), or the renewal of methodologies that are embedded in the past. This is also reflected in the history of the Rorschach test.

Epilogue: January 6, 2021

Disruption ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 275-286
Author(s):  
David Potter
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
World War ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Racist Ideology

Friday 13, 2019 was the day of the election of Boris Johnson as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the impeachment of Donald Trump. What has happened to liberal democracy that the leaders of two of the most powerful liberal democracies have, as their leaders, people who are fundamentally opposed to the traditions of the post-World War II order, and use the same overtly racist ideology to frame their approach to government? The rise of the ideology of disruption and surveillance capitalism are connected with economic dislocation that destroys faith in the traditional governing order not only in the United States and United Kingdom, but elsewhere in the European Union. There is discussion of systemic racism, and systemic impoverishment. The question that remains is whether we are facing genuine disruption, or if there are solutions that can restore faith in existing institutions while alleviating the misery that lies at the heart of the widespread loss of faith in institutions

The Status of the United States Forces in English Law

1944 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-73
Author(s):  
Egon Schwelb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
English Law

It is proposed to deal in this article with the English law concerning the legal status of the United States forces present in the territory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland during the present war. The history of, and the controversies regarding, the legal position of friendly armed forces on foreign territory in international law remain outside of the scope of the present survey, which is devoted to the municipal aspect of the matter. In order, however, to give a picture of the whole body of English law applicable to the American forces we shall include a few remarks on the development of the question in English municipal and British imperial law, and it will also be necessary to compare the provisions concerning the United States forces with those regulating the status of the other allied and associated forces at present stationed in the British Isles, as well as with the provisions regarding visiting Dominion troops. As will be seen later there has been a certain amount of interdependence between international and interimperial relations with regard to the legal problem with which we are concerned.

scholarly journals International R&D Collaboration for a Global Aging Society: Focusing on Aging-Related National-Funded Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8545
Author(s):  
Doyeon Lee ◽  
Seungwook Kim ◽  
Keunhwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
General Goals ◽  
Global Aging

An international research and development (R&D) collaboration for aging-related projects is necessary to alleviate the severe economic/healthcare/humanitarian challenges of a global aging society. This study presents a practical/systematic framework that enables the provision of information on the research goals, the status of science and technology, and action plans of aging-related program development processes. We used data on aging-related national-funded projects from the United States of America, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Korea. We collected data on 6318 national-funded projects, subsequently designating research fields to each project. By analyzing the content of the projects, their representative research fields, and the associated keywords, we assessed the general goals of six different research fields. To recognize the current scientific capabilities of these research fields, we divided the projects by clusters. We provided information on research organizations, specific goals (i.e., project title), project periods, and the funding related to the projects. These may be used by stakeholders in various governments/institutions/industries during future discussions regarding the establishment of an international R&D collaboration strategy. The approach we proposed may facilitate the linkage between knowledge and action during strategy development by maximizing scientific legitimacy, developing consensual knowledge, and minimizing diverging opinions among stakeholders.

Art Loans and Immunity from Seizure in the United States and the United Kingdom

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
World War ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The U.S

AbstractSome countries' laws favoring good-faith purchasers over the victims of theft make it difficult to recover stolen artworks. Nonetheless, the loan of such artworks for exhibition abroad may create opportunities to utilize the host country's legal system for recovery. This article examines representative cases illustrating legal options available to plaintiffs in the United States and the United Kingdom. In the United States, laws at the federal and state level may prevent the seizure of artworks loaned for temporary exhibition, but recent cases show that immunity is not absolute and that such artworks may be subject to suit in the United States. The United Kingdom recently enacted a similar law. That law, however, has been criticized, and future interpretations by U.K. courts will be needed before its true affect can be seen. The article also discusses the backgrounds against which the U.S. and U.K. laws were enacted, illustrating the link between the laws and Russian concerns about protecting cultural artifacts that were nationalized after the Russian Revolution or taken by Soviet troops during World War II.

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