Between Work and Play: The Gendering of Formal Volunteering Practices in France

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Jan Windebank
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Formal Volunteering ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Domestic Labour ◽  
French Gender

Research on women's time-use in France has hitherto focused principally on employment and domestic labour. If leisure time is discussed, it is as a residual element of the analysis and an indicator of how ‘overworked’ particular groups of women are. Moreover, little attention has been paid to how this leftover time is used by women and few studies have discussed how the French gender regime influences men's and women's participation in various possible free-time activities. The present article addresses this gap in current research by discussing one possible use of women's free time, namely formal volunteering. The ways in which the gender regime in France influences the differences in women's and men's formal volunteering practices will be analysed within the constraints of existing secondary data.

No Time for a ‘Time Out’? Managing Time around (Non)Drinking

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852110083
Author(s):  
Gabriel Caluzzi ◽  
Amy Pennay ◽  
Sarah MacLean ◽  
Dan Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
High Income ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Sense Of Time

Young people’s drinking represents a nexus between time, temporalities and social practices. While drinking and intoxication have previously been considered a way to achieve a youthful sense of ‘time out’, young people’s drinking is declining in Australia and other high-income countries, suggesting alcohol’s centrality in young people’s leisure time has diminished. Drawing on interviews with light and non-drinker teenagers from Melbourne, Australia, we develop Adorno’s concept of ‘free time’ to show how young people’s time use practices – including how they incorporate alcohol into their lives – are more than ever shaped by social and economic pressures. We framed participants’ discussion of time and its relationship to drinking as a) using free time ‘productively’, b) being opportunistic around busy schedules, and c) the importance of using time for restoration. These framings suggest fragmented and pressure-filled patterns of free time may challenge drinking as a ‘time out’ practice for young people.

Defetishizing Free Time: From Akrasia to Profanation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-188
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Economic Thinking

Images of free time are used today to give the impression that alienation from work is being alleviated. As a result, exploitation of the workers who are constantly occupied with “self-realization” becomes even more effective. Free time becomes a fetish — a means of productively engaging people’s energy through various scenarios in which they are (supposedly) enjoying their leisure time pursuits. Is it even possible to undo the fetishization of free time? And if so, how else might we conceptualize it? In seeking an answer to these questions the author continues the discussion of akrasia launched by Michail Maiatsky in his article “Liberation from Work, Unconditional Income and Foolish Will” (Logos, 2015, 25[3]) in which Maiatsky expressed a well-founded fear that a contemporary “post-Nietzschean” person might respond to the “gift of unconditional freedom” with an irrational desire to test the boundaries of that boon and end up as Dostoyevsky said “living by his own foolish will.” A hypothesis to address that fear argues that the intentions behind such an “akratic rebellion” are inherently rooted in the fetishistic logic that dominates both current perceptions of free time and also the debate about providing a basic income. The akratic reaction is a form of phantasmatic acting out of the painful suspicion that efforts to reach liberation could turn into another form of bondage. The roots of this bind can be found in the historically embedded form of economic organization, which is based on a sense of dire emergency. We owe this understanding of the “economic dispositive” to the work of Giorgio Agamben, but it is already discernible in Xenophon. We can find an indication of its dominant position in modern economic thinking in Nikolay Sieber’s (1844–1888) criticism of the postulates of the “subjective school” of economics. Because the economy acquires a sacred aspect within this dispositive, akrasia may be compared with a sacrilegious trespass of its boundaries. However, Agamben proposes that challenging any form of the solemn ceremonies of capitalism’s priesthood in a way that is not merely imaginary must necessarily be a kind of profanation.

Motivational climate, 2×2 achievement goal orientation and dominance, self-regulation, and physical activity in pre-service teacher education

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
José-Antonio Cecchini-Estrada ◽  
Antonio Méndez-Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Motivational Climate ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Achievement Goal Orientation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

This longitudinal study investigated the effects of a mastery motivational climate in physical education (PE) classes on 2×2 achievement goal orientation and dominance, self-regulated learning (SRL), and physical activity (PA) in leisure time. A total of 408 (264 women, 144 men) university students were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental and control. For 12 weeks (24 one-hour sessions), the experimental group received an intervention programme based on TARGET model, which emphasized a mastery climate. The control group carried out the same content but without highlighting such strategies. By means of the structural equation model, true intraindividual change in relation to orientation to 2×2 achievement goals, SRL, and PA in leisure time was analyzed. An increase in different variables within the experimental group was confirmed, these being: (a) the orientation to and dominance of mastery-approach (MAp) goals at the expense of the remaining goals; (b) competences in SRL; and (c) moderate and vigorous levels of PA in their free time. In addition, intraindividual changes in the MAp goals were positively related to intraindividual changes in self-efficacy of learning, which, in turn, positively predicted intraindividual changes in PA, regardless of the group (experimental or control). Thus, the mastery climate increases the percentage of participants with a dominant MAp goal and can effectively help to promote regular habits of PA in free time, by mediation of self-efficacy in SRL.

Trend of Migration Studies in Sociocultural Anthropology: A Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2277436X2110440
Author(s):  
Kiran Jyoti Kaur ◽  
A. K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Amitav Ghosh ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

Migration studies have always found their unique place in anthropology since the birth of anthropology in India under colonial rule. From the formative phase, anthropology of migration has grown multifold. In the present time when the Indian diaspora is the largest in the whole world, the process of migration has affected the lives of all individuals and has become an important area of research. The present article examines the growth of this field in sociocultural anthropology in India and is based on secondary data. Work of renowned Indian anthropologists like M. N. Srinivas, Moni Nag, L. P. Vidyarthi, Amitav Ghosh and others like R. K. Jain, Ashish Bose, etc. on migration has been discussed in the present article. Migration studies in India have found and sustained a key place in the anthropology curriculum report since the first time of its release by the University Grants Commission, New Delhi. Migration studies have grown from studying mobility among the tribals to the movement of people from rural to urban areas and then to international migration. New areas like displacement and refugee movements, literature and art, diaspora studies, urbanism, labour migration and many more are emerging as important topics in the landscape of migration studies.

Perceived Environmental Barriers and Behavioral Factors as Possible Mediators Between Acculturation and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Mexican American Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 683-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla L. Dellaserra ◽  
Noe C. Crespo ◽  
Michael Todd ◽  
Jennifer Huberty ◽  
Sonia Vega-López
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Acculturation Level

Background: The association between acculturation and physical activity (PA) among Mexican American (MA) adults is not understood. This study assessed potential mediating factors that may explain these associations among 75 healthy MA adults [age: 37.5 (9.3) y; 65.3% female]. Methods: Secondary data analysis using hierarchical logistic regression examined whether perceived environmental barriers, social support, and intention to exercise potentially mediated relationships between acculturation level, and total and leisure-time moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). Data were collected via questionnaire. Results: Most participants (67%) reported lower average household monthly incomes ($0–$3000), completed some college or obtained a college degree (64.4%), and were first generation immigrants (59%). Acculturation was associated with greater odds of engaging in total MVPA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–2.4] and leisure-time MVPA (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2). Perceived environmental barriers were associated with greater odds of engaging in both total and leisure-time MVPA (OR = 4.3; 95% CI, 2.1–5.8 and OR = 5.5; 95% CI, 2.0–7.0, respectively), and social support was associated with greater odds for total MVPA (OR = 3.7; 95% CI, 1.1–6.4). Conclusions: Results provide preliminary evidence for mediating factors that may explain the relationship between acculturation level and PA among MA adults. Contradicting prior evidence, results suggest that PA engagement, despite perceived environmental barriers, is possible among MA adults having stronger social support.

scholarly journals The Gender STEM Gap and Its Impact on Sustainable Development Goals and the Big Four Agenda in Kenya: A Synthesis of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jane Amunga ◽  
Amadalo Maurice Musasia
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Women In Stem ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Mental Abilities ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Big Four

Women have made significant progress in education through marked increase in enrolment. However, the same zeal has not been demonstrated in STEM based subjects and careers. The gender STEM scale still tips in favour of men in many countries across the world. This imbalance in the STEM fields owing to dominance by men is what creates the STEM Gap. In this paper, we synthesize literature and secondary data to show these disparities. We appreciate that STEM gap drivers are numerous and therefore zero in on what we consider the critical STEM gap drivers with respect to Kenya. We identify and succinctly discuss these critical drivers which are: self-concept and lack of resilience, teachers’ and parental expectations, role models and stereotyping, work environment and family obligations and finally weak scholastic performance. We also assess how this gender STEM gap is likely to affect the achievement of a number of Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) and the Big Four Agenda and in the process, steer the country away from the path of industrialization envisaged in Vision 2030. We explain why it is important to mitigate the STEM gap and get more women in STEM. We recommend that, parents should deconstruct their own stereotypes; teachers should debunk the myth about STEM being the preserve of superior mental abilities that girls lack, students should acknowledge that STEM drives the economy and opens up employment opportunities, institutions should have a STEM endowment fund and industries should institute policies that enhance retention of women in STEM careers. It is expected that these if addressed should enhance women’s participation in STEM based subjects so that they can build careers in STEM.

REVIEW OF THE COMMUNICATION LEVELS OF WOMEN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS ACCORDING TO FREE TIME ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (24) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Özlem EKİZOĞLU ◽  
Mehmet ACET
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volleyball Players

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to examine the communication levels of female volleyball players according to their leisure time activities. In addition, the communication levels of the participants according to their age, education, years of doing sports and the number of siblings were also examined. Method: Our sample group consists of 147 female volleyball players who played volleyball in volleyball clubs in Kütahya and Tekirdağ provinces in 2019. Descriptive research method was used in the research. Data were collected from volunteer participants by using the “Communication Skills Assessment Scale” (CIDI) developed by Korkut (1996). The scale has a single sub-dimension and consists of 25 items and the Cronbach Alpha value was found to be .86. By directing distribution normality to parametric tests, multiple frequency analysis, one-way variance and correlation analyzes were applied. Results: While there is no significant difference between age, education, number of siblings and communication skills of female volleyball players, there is a significant difference according to the year of doing sports and leisure time activities. The communication level of female volleyball players who have been playing sports for 4-9 years is higher than those who have been doing sports for 10 years or more. In addition, those who read books in their free time got the highest score, and those who went to the movies got the lowest score. In the correlation analysis, there is a weak positive relationship between the communication levels of volleyball players with reading books, and a weak negative relationship with the scores of going to the movies. Conclusion: According to the data results of 147 female volleyball players participating in the study, the communication skill scores of female volleyball players reading books in leisure activities were higher than the others.

Free Time as a Resource

Free Time ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Egalitarian Justice ◽  
Time Use Research

This chapter argues that free time—defined as the time not committed to meeting one's own or one's dependents' basic needs—is a resource to which citizens could plausibly have claims in a public and feasible liberal egalitarian justice. To develop the idea of free time as a resource, the chapter begins with the recognition that time itself is a resource. It then discusses three ways, drawn from time-use research, of defining free time: as time not engaged in typically necessary activities, as time not engaged in subjectively necessary activities, and as time not engaged in objectively necessary activities. It also considers how a formulation of free time might address issues of individual responsibility and asserts that the typically necessary and subjectively necessary definitions of free time are not appropriately understood as resources in the relevant sense. The chapter concludes by proposing a particular objective definition of free time.

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