Application of the constitutional-typological approach in the study of the morphometric features of the dentition in people with the brachypalatinal type of the palatine arch

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
T. S. Kochkonyan ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko ◽  
E. N. Ivancheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The fundamental problem of precision medicine is the division of the population of sick and healthy people into separate individuals, differing in the likelihood of disease occurrence and the ability to respond to various types of therapy. This is mainly due to the individual, constitutional features of the structure, including the dentoalveolar system. The introduction of a constitutional-typological approach in a comprehensive study of the human dentition is an important task of modern dentistry, since it allows one to determine the characteristic morphological and functional characteristics of each individual individual to improve the methods of diagnosis and treatment of dentoalveolar pathology. The article examines the morphometric features of the dentoalveolar system in people with brachypalatinal («wide» and «low») type of palatine vault, as well as their relationship with the shape of dental arches and the size of the inter-incisal angle at a physiological occlusal norm. As a result of the study, the following regularity was determined: the brachypalatinal type of the palatine vault corresponds to «wide» dental arches of the brachygnathic type with an inter-incisal angle of more than 145 degrees. The value of the brachypalatinal index of the palatine fornix, as the ratio of the height of the palate to its width, exceeds 45 percent, and the gnathic index of the dental arches is 0.59 ± 0.03. The data obtained can be used in the clinic of orthodontics, orthopedic dentistry, maxillofacial surgery to assess the parameters of the hard palate, diagnose pathological forms of the palatine fornix and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

Regularities of individual-typological variability of the dental arches and jaws at high palatic ventilation in patients with physiological occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
T. S. Kochkonyan ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
High Type ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Craniofacial Complex ◽  
Comprehensive Study

One of the fundamental problems of morphology, which has applied significance, is a comprehensive study of variants of individual-typological variability of the structures of the facial and cerebral parts of the skull, as well as the regularities of the interrelationships of individual components in the cranial system as a whole. An in-depth characteristic of the individual characteristics of the structures of the craniofacial complex makes it possible to improve the methods of diagnosis and treatment of dentoalveolar pathology. The article discusses the morphometric features of the dentition in people with a high type of palatine arch of the dolichopalatinal type, as well as their relationship with the shape of the dental arches and the size of the inter-incisal angle in physiological occlusion of permanent teeth. As a result of the study, the following pattern was determined: the transverse dimensions of the palatine fornix of the dolichopalatinal type have a stable relationship with the transverse dimensions of the dolichognathic dental arches and the value of the inter-incisal angle. The data obtained can be used in the clinic of orthodontics, orthopedic dentistry, and maxillofacial surgery to assess the parameters of the hard palate, diagnose pathological forms of the palatine fornix and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

Semiology of the Pain Syndrome - Identifying the Ideal Methods of Locoregional Anesthesia Based on Their Rationale and Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2373-2377
Author(s):  
Mihaela Monica Scutariu ◽  
Vlad Danila ◽  
Corina Ciupilan ◽  
Oana Elena Ciurcanu
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Structuring Element ◽  
Technical Accuracy ◽  
Locoregional Anesthesia ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

Anesthesia and the degree of control over the perception of pain depends on the personality of the individual, the socio-economic conditions, potential previous painful experiences and, last but not least, on fatigue and fear of the dentist. The perception of pain in patients is closely connected to their mental state. Pain is defined as a sensation of discomfort, with wide variations, both in quality and intensity, for different people in seemingly identical conditions; an unpleasant sensitive and emotional phenomena connected to the threat of a wound or caused in the tissues or described in the terms of this disease. The essential element of any type of anesthesia is analgesia, an effect which in some cases cannot be achived, due to the patient�s particularities or the physician�s lack of experience in anesthesia. Locoregional anesthesia (LRA) represents the blocking of the nociceptive sensitive and sympathetic autonomic afferents as well as that of motor efferents at the level of peripheral nerves� axons, by means of local anesthetic. To achieve the set purpose, we carried out a study on a representative human sample comprised of 10.123 patients treated in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (Ambulatory) from the County Clinic Emergency Hospital St. Spiridon Iasi, between 01.01.2015-31.12.2016. The reason for the exclusion of certain categories of patients in the reseach was: the patients with a special conditions background require individual pre-anesthesia schemes, personalised for the nature of the pre-existing general condition, which must be further approved by the attending specialist physician : cardiologist, internist, diabetologist; children under 18 years old, with a high degree of anxiety; a high precentage of elderly patients, over 60 years old, possess a combination of general issues, thus requiring a special approach. The thoroughness lying at the core of the anesthetic practice, most especially the safegurading of a technical accuracy in the performance of anesthesia [12,], instead of improvisations, the lack of anatomical and stomatological training in general and the resulting inefficiency as such, is the underlying in-depth structuring element of this paper.

A Study on Stock-Selection and Market-Timing Performance: Evidence from Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Funds (MPF)

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 617-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Kuok-kun Chu ◽  
Michael McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Market Timing ◽  
Stock Selection ◽  
Timing Ability ◽  
Conditional Models ◽  
Equity Funds ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Timing Models ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This paper presents the first comprehensive study of the performance and market timing ability of the equity funds that comprise the Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Funds (MPF) scheme. In general, our results suggest that US equity funds consistently underperform relative to the market, while the other fund groups consistently outperform the market. The stock-selection ability of MPF constituent equity funds in times of changing economic condition is also investigated. The evidence is consistent with previous studies, which suggest that the conditional models decrease the individual fund traditional alpha measure. The market timing models of Treynor–Mazuy and Henriksson–Merton provide evidence of superior market timing ability.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF THE HARD PALATE FOLDS DURING THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER OF THE INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
A. I. Prodanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Human Ontogenesis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mesenchyme Cells ◽  
Restorative Surgery ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study of anatomical-functional peculiarities of the cranial bones promotes implementation of new methods of performing radical and reconstructive-restorative surgery on the face and cranium. Objective: to determine peculiarities of formation of the hard palate folds structure in the fetal and early neonatal periods of human ontogenesis. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 53 specimens of dead fetuses from 4 to 10 months of development and on 9 specimens of dead neonates by means of macro- and micro-section, preparing histological and topographic-anatomical sections, and morphometry. Formation of the hard palate folds during the second and third trimesters of the intrauterine development was found to consist of the following stages:  epithelial thickening, penetration into the adjacent mesenchyme originating the rudiment of the fold; smoothing of the basal membrane and epithelial outgrowth over the surface with formation of the primary fold; condensation of mesenchyme cells under the fold apex; formation of fibrous stroma inside of the fold which is a peculiar core; epithelial smoothing to even thickness similar to that one embracing the areas between folds with formation of the final fold. At the end of the third trimester of the intrauterine development posterior transverse palatine folds become less marked, some of them disappear, and the anterior ones become more marked, closer and pressed one to another.

scholarly journals Precision Medicine in Interventional Cardiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijmen W Hokken ◽  
Joana M Ribeiro ◽  
Peter P De Jaegere ◽  
Nicolas M Van Mieghem
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Personal Variables ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Genetic Biomarker

Precision medicine has recently become widely advocated. It revolves around the individual patient, taking into account genetic, biomarker, phenotypic or psychosocial characteristics and uses biological, mechanical and/or personal variables to optimise individual therapy. In silico testing, such as the Virtual Physiological Human project, is being promoted to predict risk and to test treatments and medical devices. It combines artificial intelligence and computational modelling to select the best therapeutic option for the individual patient.

scholarly journals On the issue of the formation and development of science as a social institution

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
E. S. Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Developing System ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The relevance of scientific research on the specifics of the institutional environment for the development of the Institute of Science in the Russian Federation is associated with the rapid development of the digital economy, in which the development of science is becoming the most important factor in ensuring Russia's competitiveness on the world stage. The author conducted a comprehensive study of the specifics of the institutional environment of the development of the Institute of Science in the Russian Federation. The article studies the stages of formation and development of science as a certain social institution. The paper presents the criteria of institutionalization and it is established that the Institute of Science meets them. The study highlights the purpose and functions of science as a social institution. The paper also proposes the institutional environment for the functioning of the Institute of Science, taking into account the state and the individual as an integral part of successful development. The author concludes that science as a social institution is a self-organizing, self-regulating and self-developing system based on the realization of human potential through special tools of scientific activity and special organizations and aimed at the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals Ensovibep, a novel trispecific DARPin candidate that protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stumpp
Keyword(s):  
Single Agent ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Cooperative Binding ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Inhibitory Potency ◽  
Alpha Variant ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Very High ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 has infected millions of people globally and continues to undergo evolution. Emerging variants can be partially resistant to vaccine induced and therapeutic antibodies, emphasizing the urgent need for accessible, broad-spectrum therapeutics. Here, we report a comprehensive study of ensovibep, the first trispecific clinical DARPin candidate, that can simultaneously engage all three units of the spike protein trimer to potently inhibit ACE2 interaction, as revealed by structural analyses. The cooperative binding of the individual modules enables ensovibep to retain inhibitory potency against all frequent SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, as of December 2021. Moreover, viral passaging experiments show that ensovibep, when used as a single agent, can prevent development of escape mutations comparably to a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Finally, we demonstrate that the very high in vitro antiviral potency also translates into significant therapeutic protection and reduction of pathogenesis in Roborovski dwarf hamsters infected with either the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type or the Alpha variant. In this model, ensovibep prevents fatality and provides substantial protection equivalent to the standard of care mAb cocktail. These results support further clinical evaluation and indicate that ensovibep could be a valuable alternative to mAb cocktails and other treatments for COVID-19.

scholarly journals Contrasting Medical and Legal Standards of Evidence: A Precision Medicine Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Marchant ◽  
Kathryn Scheckel ◽  
Doug Campos-Outcalt
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Standards Of Evidence ◽  
The Individual

As the health care system transitions to a precision medicine approach that tailors clinical care to the genetic profile of the individual patient, there is a potential tension between the clinical uptake of new technologies by providers and the legal system's expectation of the standard of care in applying such technologies. We examine this tension by comparing the type of evidence that physicians and courts are likely to rely on in determining a duty to recommend pharmacogenetic testing of patients prescribed the oral anti-coagulant drug warfarin. There is a large body of inconsistent evidence and factors for and against such testing, but physicians and courts are likely to weigh this evidence differently. The potential implications for medical malpractice risk are evaluated and discussed.

Artificial intelligence and human rights: a comprehensive study from Indian legal and policy perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee ◽  
Sreenivasulu N.S.
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rights Issues ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the human rights issue. This study has also examined issues with AI for business and its civil and criminal liability. This study has provided inputs to the policymakers and government authorities to overcome different challenges. Design/methodology/approach This study has analysed different international and Indian laws on human rights issues and the impacts of these laws to protect the human rights of the individual, which could be under threat due to the advancement of AI technology. This study has used descriptive doctrinal legal research methods to examine and understand the insights of existing laws and regulations in India to protect human rights and how these laws could be further developed to protect human rights under the Indian jurisprudence, which is under threat due to rapid advancement of AI-related technology. Findings The study provides a comprehensive insight on the influence of AI on human rights issues and the existing laws in India. The study also shows different policy initiatives by the Government of India to regulate AI. Research limitations/implications The study highlights some of the key policy recommendations helpful to regulate AI. Moreover, this study provides inputs to the regulatory authorities and legal fraternity to draft a much-needed comprehensive policy to regulate AI in the context of the protection of human rights of the citizens. Originality/value AI is constantly posing entangled challenges to human rights. There is no comprehensive study, which investigated the emergence of AI and its influence on human rights issues, especially from the Indian legal perspective. So there is a research gap. This study provides a unique insight of the emergence of AI applications and its influence on human rights issues and provides inputs to the policymaker to help them to draft an effective regulation on AI to protect the human rights of Indian citizens. Thus, this study is considered a unique study that adds value towards the overall literature.

Cloud-Based Application Integration in Virtual Enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Martins Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
Collaborative Network ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Application Integration ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Enterprise Information Systems ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
The Individual

A key characteristic of a virtual enterprise (VE) is the heterogeneity of the applications that compose its enterprise information systems (EIS), since it builds on the EIS of the individual enterprises that are part of the collaborative network of that VE. This raises an application integration problem, which is even more serious than within any given EIS because a VE has a temporary nature, and therefore, integration requirements can change frequently. Current integration technologies, such as Web Services and RESTful APIs, solve the interoperability problem but usually entail more coupling than needed, since they require sharing data schemas between interacting applications, even if not all values of those schemas are actually used. The fundamental problem of application integration is therefore how to provide at most the minimum coupling possible while ensuring at least the minimum interoperability requirements. This chapter proposes compliance and conformance as the concepts to achieve this goal.

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