scholarly journals The Ethnic Dilemma in Balochistan with More Focusing Upon Intra-Provincial Conflicts under CPEC Scenario

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram Zaheer ◽  
Muhammad Asim
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Economic Deprivation ◽  
Ethnic Nationalism ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Route ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Waves

Balochistan exists in a state of conflict since the partition but, initially, the nature of the conflict was based upon the future of princely states that led to the insurgency against the federation of Pakistan in 1948, 1958, and 1963. After the emergence of Balochistan as a full province, the nature of conflict shifted towards Baloch ethnic nationalism that directed insurgencies during 1973 and 2004. The government of Pakistan claims that all the waves of insurgencies have huge foreign funding by rival states. While the concerns of major powers on re-constructing Kasghar-Gwadar Road plan 2004 (renamed as China-Pakistan Economic Corridor [CPEC] in 2013) triggered Baloch ethnic nationalism and already existed intra-provincial conflicts once again that led Pashtun-Brahui, Brahui-Baloch, and Baloch-Pashtun differences. However, a detailed briefing by Chinese Ambassador Zhao Lijian has undermined all the concerns of ethnic communities in entire Pakistan including Balochistan. However, there are still some voices for insecurity and predicted economic deprivation in the province. This study tries to describe the history of ethnic dilemma in Balochistan along with demographic structure, CPEC related projects in the province, and the rival states’ nexus for triggering ethnonational separatism and intra-provincial conflicts against Pakistan. While the issue is rising by Baloch nationalists regarding preferring the eastern, western, or central route of CPEC is being discussed in the last.

The Future of Ethnicity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bryce
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Transatlantic Relationship ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plural Society ◽  
History Of Migration

The introduction discusses the importance of the future in shaping ethnic communities in Buenos Aires. Underlining the significance of temporality and the future for the social history of migration offers new perspectives on how state institutions developed, how a culturally plural society formed, and how immigrants and families participated in that society. Ethnicity is an unstable category worthy of analysis in itself, and that, as a result, ethnic communities should similarly be studied with that point in mind. The introduction also discusses the transnational turn in German historiography, which has highlighted how people and ideas outside the nation-state influenced conceptions of the nation during the Imperial and Weimar periods. German-speaking immigrants in Buenos Aires actively embraced the transatlantic relationship that groups in central Europe sought to establish, but they had their own ideas about their relationship with their nation of heritage and their nation of residence.

scholarly journals Alexandra Nickerson, The Privacy Paradox

AmeriQuests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra A Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Trade Off ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge Perspective ◽  
Privacy Paradox ◽  
The Government

Privacy is as complex a concept as it is ubiquitous. But Vanderbilt law and history professor Sarah Igo bravely takes on the challenge of chronicling the history of this mutable, yet fundamental American value. In doing so, she demonstrates the irreconcilable trade-off between privacy and exposure, both of which can be liberating and oppressive in their own right. Readers will be impressed by the depth and the breadth of this tome, as Igo examines privacy’s role in fields as disparate as law, psychometrics, philosophy, and technology. As a result, they will come away with a profound, new consciousness of being “known” to the government and to all facets of society. Despite the feelings of vulnerability this awareness may induce, Igo’s book gives us the knowledge, perspective, and foresight to revisit our own privacy debates with agency and determination. As known citizens, the future of privacy is in our hands.

scholarly journals The influence of Calvinism on the South African Council of Churches

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.J. Meiring
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Council ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prophetic Witness

The impact of Calvinist theology and of reformed leadership on the South African Council of Churches (SACC) is vast. After a brief history of the SACC, the author notes the contribution that a number of reformed and presbyterian clergy and theologians have made – as presidents, general secretaries or as theo- logians who helped develop the SACC’s message. At least five principles that Calvin held dear, are reflected in the SACC’s agenda during the past decades: the quest for unity, the con- cern for mission, covenanting for justice, providing a prophetic witness in the community, and when the need arose, the willingness to confront the government of the day. The article concludes with a brief look at the future of the SACC and of the continued input that reformed theologians may be able to make.

scholarly journals A Forum on the Future of Australia’s NBN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. ii-v
Author(s):  
Mark A Gregory
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Digital Inclusion ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Consumer Interest ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Broadband Network ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Insight Into

The future of the $51 billion Australian National Broadband Network (NBN) remains unknown, with the Government still to commit to a course of action after the current build phase. Industry representatives have recently voiced their concerns about a potential future sale of the NBN and how this would occur. In response, the Telecommunications Association is hosting a public forum on the future of the NBN on 31 July 2019 at RMIT University. Papers in the June 2019 issue of the Journal include discussion on consumer interest in 5G in New Zealand, the history of Australian mail handling and technical papers covering a range of interesting topics. This month we include a paper titled Measuring Digital Inequality in Australia: the Australian Digital Inclusion Index that provides an important insight into digital inclusion. The Journal welcomes further contributions on telecommunications and the digital economy.

A Man at Twenty, Aged at Twenty-Five: The Conscription Exam Age in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-437
Author(s):  
Sayaka Chatani
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
The State ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Critical Moment ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Discursive Power ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Abstract In the early 1870s, when the Meiji Japanese government introduced the universal army conscription system, the age at which the conscription exam was administered, set at twenty, became a critical moment in people’s lives. Although the Japanese army itself has gained much scholarly attention, the arbitrariness of its age stipulation directs us to an underexplored yet critical intersection between society and the state. Age twenty reprogrammed the rhythms of rural farming life and redefined the meanings of masculinity and adulthood for people far beyond those actually drafted into the army. Politicians and youth themselves linked this calendar age to the future of Japan’s liberal democracy and the autonomous space free of bureaucratic intervention. The history of age twenty, which was all about translating fuzzy life stages into acutely clear calendar ages, reveals a moment in which people attempted to turn a cultural and discursive power into a form of authoritative power that lay beyond negotiation, even vis-à-vis the government itself.

"If you’re not a liberal when you’re young": to the political biography of Đorđe Stratimirović

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Novoseltseva
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of Political Thought ◽  
Political Biography ◽  
National Movement ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Revolution Of 1848

Đorđe Stratimirović (1822-1908) is a romantic fgure in the history of the Serbian national movement in the second half of the nineteenth century. A born leader and inspirer, he played an important role in the Revolution of 1848-1849 and remained in the memory of generations as People’s General. However, his further activities were thrown out of the history of political thought of the Serbs of the Austrian monarchy as altering from his earlier views. As a mature man, he - under the infuence of political circumstances - turned from a young active liberal into a leader of the conservative direction. In 1872, he developed a program of the future moderate party, which included cooperation with the government of the Kingdom of Hungary. Given the Serbs were rather rallying around the liberals, uncompromising fghters for national rights, Stratimirović’s choice was a wrong move.

scholarly journals NASIONALIS TANPA KEPARTIAN : DOKUMENTASI SEJARAH MENTERI BESAR TERENGGANU KELIMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Kamarulzaman Mahmood ◽  
Muhamad Fazil Ahmad ◽  
Mohamed Anwar Omar Din
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

The State of Terengganu has a Law of Appointment of leaders that has been set. DYMM Sultan or menteri besar to be appointed must meet the conditions set out in the Law for the Government of Terengganu dated 2 November 1911 which is also known as ‘Itqan Al Muluk Bita’dil As-Suluk. Therefore, this paper aims to re-document the history of the fifth Terengganu Menteri Besar  Dato’Perdana Menteri Di Raja Dato Seri Setia Di Raja Haji Kamaruddin bin Haji Idris. This study was conducted qualitatively using Snowball Sampling Techniques to fifth Menteri Besar youngest son, Dato’ Haji Suhaimi bin Kamaruddin. The results of this study can contribute to the knowledge of the history of the Terengganu state administration and be a source of lessons for the leadership of the menteri besar today and in the future. Keywords: Terengganu Administration, Menteri Besar appointed by DYMM Sultan of Terengganu, history of Menteri Besar, administration, struggle of Menteri Besar of Terengganu   Abstrak: Negeri Terengganu mempunyai Undang-Undang Pelantikan pemimpin yang telah ditetapkan. DYMM Sultan atau Menteri Besar yang hendak dilantik perlulah memenuhi syarat yang ditetapkan dalam Undang Undang Bagi Diri Kerajaan Terengganu bertarikh 2 November 1911 yang turut dikenali sebagai ‘Itqan Al Muluk Bita’dil As-Suluk. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan semula sejarah mengenai Menteri Besar Terengganu kelima, Dato’Perdana Menteri Di Raja Dato Seri Setia Di Raja Haji Kamaruddin bin Haji Idris. Kajian ini dijalankan secara kualitatif menggunakan Teknik Persampelan Bola Salji Secara Bertujuan terhadap anak bongsu tokoh iaitu Dato’ Haji Suhaimi bin Kamaruddin. Hasil kajian ini dapat memberi sumbangan kepada pengetahuan sejarah pentadbiran negeri Terengganu dan menjadi sumber iktibar bagi kepimpinan menteri besar pada hari ini dan pada masa akan datang.  Kata kunci: Pentadbiran Terengganu, Menteri Besar lantikan DYMM Sultan Terengganu, sejarah Menteri Besar, pentadbiran, perjuangan Menteri Besar Terengganu

scholarly journals JUGUN IANFU : DERITA PEREMPUAN DALAM PUSARAN PERANG

KIRYOKU ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Titik Suliyati
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Japanese Military ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

(Title: Jugun Ianfu: Woman Suffering In War). The formation of the Jugun Ianfu system was motivated by the war in the context of the Japanese military invasion of other countries. The war has made the physical and mental exhaustion of the Japanese army. This condition resulted in the Japanese army carrying out sexual exploitation brutally by carrying out mass rapes in the territories that were colonized by them. Although Japanese occupation in Indonesia was only 3.5 years, the suffering for Jugun Ianfu lasting forever. Even though most Jugun Ianfu has passed away and the relation between Indonesia and Japan is in a good diplomacy, it does not mean that the events experienced by Jugun Ianfu in the past can be forgotten. The history of Jugun Ianfu can provide pictures that position of women in the past was lower than man and there is no law can protect them. Because there is no legal protection, women are helpless when they experience sexual violence. For this reason, in the present, the government should make legal regulations that to protect women from various violence. In addition, the government is expected to provide the widest opportunity for women to get an education so that in the future women can have advanced thoughts.

‘Sikhuluma Isikhethu’ : Ndebele Radio, Ethnicity and Cultural Identity in South Africa, 1983-1994

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Sekibakiba Peter Lekgoathi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
South African ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
African Language ◽  
Ethnic Nationalism ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

The South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) established nine African language radio stations ostensibly to cater for the diverse linguistic and cultural needs of the African communities in the country. In reality, however, these stations acted as a government mouthpiece and means through which a monopoly over the airwaves was asserted. Through these stations the government promoted ethnic compartmentalisation and popularised the ethnic ‘homelands’ created from the early 1960s to the early 1980s. One of these stations was Radio Ndebele, established in 1983, with a clear mandate to reinforce Ndebele ethnic nationalism. This article seeks to explore the history of this radio station, using both oral sources and documentary material, though privileging the former. The article makes a two-pronged argument: Firstly, Radio Ndebele came into existence not only because of the government’s mission but because of pressure from Ndebele-speaking people who needed radio programming in their own language. Secondly, this radio station helped turn a spoken language that was on the throes of extinction into a vibrant written language that found its way into the schooling system, particularly in areas with a large concentration of Ndebele-speaking people.

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