MARKING OF SEEDLINGS AND HARVESTED WOOD IN DIGITAL MONITORING SYSTEM OF RUSSIAN FORESTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
MARINA BULGAKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

The traceability mechanisms of wood harvesting and supply chains, environmental crimes, illegal logging, as well as the marking of forests, have been the subject of research in the last decade by domestic and foreign specialists in various fields of knowledge, including lawyers, economists, engineers, etc. In the era of the development of digital technologies, their use significantly contributes to the effectiveness of the activities of control and supervisory and law enforcement agencies. However, it is still not possible to form a system of up-to-date data on the state of Russia's forests, eradicate the facts of illegal actions with wood, optimize the process of tracking supply chains and reduce production costs without reducing product quality. The article revealed differences in theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of «tracking system» in Russia and abroad. In addition, the analysis of the applied methods of marking harvested wood allowed the author to distinguish chipping using RFID - marks (radio frequency identification) as a modern method that allows not only to automatically identify an object, but also to exercise control over movement without providing direct visibility with it. In the conclusion of the article, the author presents a conceptual system for monitoring the state of the forests of Russia, formed on the basis of the EGAIS platform. It is also noted that the intended architecture of the system should have the ability to track the product in real time precisely in the forest, as well as outside it - from suppliers and manufacturers who can use this information to make business decisions. An ideal version of the functionality of the tracking system is presented as the ability of the consumer through a mobile application to obtain information about the product in accordance with the logic and logistics chain (from the place where the tree grows - the rock - the age of the cutting - the harvester - the manufacturer).

Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation of RFID chips embedded in Artificial Organs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick C Jones ◽  
Maurice Cavitt ◽  
Dejing Mekala
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Improve Life Expectancy ◽  
Feasibility Evaluation ◽  
Healthcare Trends

Advances in medical technology rely heavily on the collection and analysis of measured data to facilitate patient diagnosis and business decisions. The healthcare industry, particularly pharmaceuticals and diagnostic processes, has an ongoing need to improve item tracking and data collection to improve the quality of care while reducing cost. This paper primarily focuses on integrating Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) inside of artificial organs to provide doctors and nurses a better synopsis of the embedded organ. The remote, non-invasive characteristics of RFID can facilitate the information needs of healthcare without imposing additional burden onto the patient or staff. Properly deployed RFID enabled devices is envisioned to provide convenient and accurate data for artificial organs conditions, and critical information that may be necessary for medical specialist to better serve patients with these organs. This paper describes an all-encompassing RFID tracking system that begins with compliance documentation from implementation duration of the patient’s life. This RFID system can provide data for decision-making and facilitate compliance with FDA imposed e-pedigree requirements. This transcript introduces healthcare trends in order to motivate the need for a biocompatible RFID system. The overall goal of the pending research is to develop biocompatible RFID tag components for use with systems implemented inside artificial organs and continued through the duration of the device as mentioned above. It is envisioned that successful implementation of this technology could improve life expectancy of patients with artificial organs by ten percent.

Improvement of the System of Statistical Indicators of the State and Development of the Fuel and Energy Complex of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
M. R. Еfimova ◽  
N. A. Korolkova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article proposes an improved system of statistical indicators for assessing the state and development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia, which defines a methodological approach to identifying factors and trends in its development. The introduction highlights the relevance of modernization of information and methodological support for reaching decisions on new tasks, including those related to the digitalization of the economy and implementation of the national projects’ portfolio. The body of the article critically examines the current configuration of official and departmental statistical information, based on which the authors selected 85 key indicators reflecting the state and development level of the fuel and energy complex of Russia. All of them can be delineated by sectors and analysis tasks. This evaluation system includes 7 blocks: general block characterizing the role of the fuel and energy complex in the economic system; key industry performance indicators; indicators of the production structure by industry; technological indicators of industries; prices for fuel and energy resources; production costs by industry; distribution indicators of fuel and energy resources. The paper analyses development trends in the fuel and energy sectors for 2008-2018. In particular, the authors’ research showed that modern oil production is characterized by a change in the territorial structure, as well as the reinstatement of the role of vertically integrated companies in the development of oil production. The article presents findings on the technological upgrading of Russian oil refining. However, the authors’ research proved that oil refining depth has ceased to be a reliable indicator of the level of technological equipment and modernization level of oil refineries. With regard to the development of the gas industry, there has been a steady increase in gas production, which is supported by maintaining a steady increase in demand for Russian gas in the domestic and foreign markets. The all-time high domestic consumer demand for gas fuel, associated with the Russian Regions Gasification Program implemented by the Ministry of Energy of Russia, was recorded. At the same time, the authors identified the main risk factors in the development of the industry related to Gazprom (a backbone of the energy sector) activities. The persistent positive growth dynamics in commodity production of associated petroleum gas was established. It was also noted that the highest percentage of its beneficial use is characteristic of operators of production sharing agreements. As for the results of the analysis of the coal industry, a matter of interest is the growth of domestic prices for coal products and related derivative trends. Particular attention is paid to the development of the possibilities of using over-the-counter coal price indicators. Replacement of coal with natural gas at a thermal power station in most regions of the country is of interest within the identified development trends of the electric power industry in Russia, which is explained by the environmental friendliness of electricity generation.

Coordinating dyadic supply chains when production costs are disrupted

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Xu ◽  
Xiangtong Qi ◽  
Gang Yu ◽  
Hanqin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production Costs

scholarly journals Building resilient medical technology supply chains with a software bill of materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Carmody ◽  
Andrea Coravos ◽  
Ginny Fahs ◽  
Audra Hatch ◽  
Janine Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Software Components ◽  
Bill Of Materials ◽  
Software Production ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Healthcare Technologies ◽  
Affect Patient Care

AbstractAn exploited vulnerability in a single software component of healthcare technology can affect patient care. The risk of including third-party software components in healthcare technologies can be managed, in part, by leveraging a software bill of materials (SBOM). Analogous to an ingredients list on food packaging, an SBOM is a list of all included software components. SBOMs provide a transparency mechanism for securing software product supply chains by enabling faster identification and remediation of vulnerabilities, towards the goal of reducing the feasibility of attacks. SBOMs have the potential to benefit all supply chain stakeholders of medical technologies without significantly increasing software production costs. Increasing transparency unlocks and enables trustworthy, resilient, and safer healthcare technologies for all.

scholarly journals Horse Agribusiness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: trade and economic aspects of Mangalarga Marchador farm production

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e4319119938
Author(s):  
Grasiele Coelho Cabral ◽  
Afonso Aurélio de Carvalho Peres ◽  
Ana Carla Chaves Dias ◽  
Wagner de Souza Tassinari ◽  
Maria Izabel Vieira de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Market Value ◽  
The State ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Coastal Lowlands ◽  
Commercial Performance

This study aimed to assess the economic and commercial performance of the Mangalarga Marchador horse breeding, and production costs in the Rio de Janeiro. Data was collected from the ABCCMM archives and from associated breeders, selected through stratified sampling by the mesoregions of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The main means of marketing the animals is selling on the farm. The average of horse’s sale per stud farm in the Rio de Janeiro is 14.92/year with the average of R$16,628.46/horse, generating an estimated sale at the farms of around R$192,026,783.88/year. The sale of mating (8.77 mating/year) and weaned foals (5.44 foals/year) contributed to the largest volume of sales at the stud farms. Donor mares (R$57,318,908.50) and mares (R$42,958,357.20) represented the highest in terms of market value throughout the Rio de Janeiro. The Coastal Lowlands mesoregion had the highest average of animals sold per stud farm/year (40.57 animals) and the Central Fluminense mesoregion had the lowest average (25.39 animals). The average commercialization per farm/year corresponds to R$385,667.90 and the average total value traded in the Rio de Janeiro is R$465,880,252.32/year. The average is 6.52 hired employees, which is equivalent to an average monthly labor gross cost of R$11,286.00. Rio de Janeiro employs around 5,584 people directly, the greatest numbers in the Metropolitan mesoregion (1,833 employees), and the lowest concentration in the Northern Fluminense mesoregion (530 employees). Together with the production costs, Mangalarga Marchador horse’s business turns over more than R$650 million per year in the Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL AS A KEY FACTOR OF FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF UKRAINE’S HEI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Stupniker ◽  
◽  
Valentina Babenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
National Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Intellectual Potential

Under the influence of globalization and integration of economic processes in the domestic economy, the importance of intellectual resources is growing. Based on its use in economic activities, enterprises and organizations are able to realize their intellectual capital. The main condition for the formation of this special type of capital is the presence of intellectual potential that arises in the process of manifestation of intellectual abilities and professional competencies of the company's staff. The intellectual component is the fundamental basis of the system of relations between science, industry and society. Therefore, educational institutions play an important role in raising the intellectual level of the national economy. The theoretical approaches to determining the economic essence of the intellectual capital of higher education institutions have beem summarized in this article and the main aspects of realizing the intellectual potential of educational and research institutions in Ukraine have been explored. The availability of intellectual capital allows scientific organizations to formalize and implement in the market various forms and types of knowledge: research, skills, experience, competencies, professional skills. The purchase of knowledge allows commercial organizations to significantly increase the level of their technical and technological solutions, develop know-how, to acquire ownership of the right to use knowledge in the form of patents, licenses, franchises. On this basis, the production of new products can be carried out; use of new technologies, new management methods; creation of a trademark; development of new activities; entering new markets. The implementation of the socio-economic policy of the state should be based on the intensification of intellectual activity of higher education institutions, because in market conditions it is the state that should stimulate educational institutions to form intellectual capital. The important role of intellectual capital of higher education institutions is manifested in the fact that it allows them to become intellectual enterprises and significantly affect the national economy by increasing its competitiveness.

scholarly journals Management of the C&D waste in the urban regeneration project

2021 ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Giammetti ◽  
Marina Rigillo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
First Results ◽  
Building System

This paper presents the first results of the research agreement signed by the Federico II University and CDP Immobiliare concerning reusing  and recycling construction waste in the urban regeneration project. The research is aimed to develop a technical protocol for the ex-ante evaluation of the demolition operations, with a special focus on the criteria for picking the material samples to undergo chemical-physical analysis. The article is focused on the demolition process, implementing a BIM-based filing of the building system and aimed at a preliminary understanding of the material quantity, the material consistency and the state of conservation of the elements to be demolished. A tentative pre-characterisation, and an inventory of any contaminants present in the materials are also provided. In the form of discussion, further implications related the building characterisation and the planning of material flows with the reuse and recycle supply chains are provided as well.

scholarly journals Technical-Economic Analysis of Grapple Saw

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Hideaki Miyajima ◽  
Paulo Torres Fenner ◽  
Gislaine Cristina Batistela ◽  
Danilo Simões
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method

The processing of Eucalyptus logs is a stage that follows the full tree system in mechanized forest harvesting, commonly performed by grapple saw. Therefore, this activity presents some associated uncertainties, especially regarding technical and silvicultural factors that can affect productivity and production costs. To get around this problem, Monte Carlo simulation can be applied, or rather a technique that allows to measure the probabilities of values from factors that are under conditions of uncertainties, to which probability distributions are attributed. The objective of this study was to apply the Monte Carlo method for determining the probabilistic technical-economical coefficients of log processing using two different grapple saw models. Field data were obtained from an area of forest planted with Eucalyptus, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. For the technical analysis, the time study protocol was applied by the method of continuous reading of the operational cycle elements, which resulted in production. As for the estimated cost of programmed hour, the applied methods were recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The incorporation of the uncertainties was carried out by applying the Monte Carlo simulation method, by which 100,000 random values were generated. The results showed that the crane empty movement is the operational element that most impacts the total time for processing the logs; the variables that most influence the productivity are specific to each grapple saw model; the difference of USD 0.04 m3 in production costs was observed between processors with gripping area of 0.58 m2 and 0.85 m2. The Monte Carlo method proved to be an applicable tool for mechanized wood harvesting for presenting a range of probability of occurrences for the operational elements and for the production cost.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ORDER: ON THE ISSUE OF ITS PROPERTIES (THEORETICAL ASPECTS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (127) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
I. Zabara
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
General Context ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Legal Order ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The article deals with one of the theoretical aspects of international legal order issues – the question of its properties. The author summarizes the doctrinal views of international law and regards the basic properties of the phenomenon of international legal order as its ability to act as system complexity, dynamism, orderliness, the reality and legitimacy of actions of subjects. The author notes that there is a common position in the doctrine, according to which the international legal order is a system. However, he notes that the difference in views on the international legal order as a system consists in the components the researchers include in its composition; the author examines two theoretical approaches. The complexity of the international legal order is determined from the standpoint of the number of its elements and components, as well as the number of their connections. This opinion highlights the fact that the predominant role is played by the quantity of links between elements and components, and indicates the international legal order capacity for permanent changes under the influence of the relevant internal and external factors. The dynamism of the international legal order is characterized from the point of capacity for the development and modification. It is stated that the state of the dynamics is effected by several circumstances. The author concludes that this international legal order’s property as a dynamism is one of the qualities that characterizes its condition as a system. The orderliness of the international legal order is considered from a consistency point, the interaction of parts of the whole, due to its structure. The author notes that the ordering of the international legal order displays its internal relationships and emphasizes its status as a system. The reality of the international legal order is characterized from the point of objectively existing phenomenon. The author concludes that the allocation of the international legal order of reality as one of its properties is intended to emphasize the status of one of its most important components - the state of international relations. Separately, the author considers the question of the legality of actions of subjects of international law, which are discussed in the doctrine from the standpoint of the conditions necessary for its maintenance. The author points out that in the general context of the properties that characterize the international legal order, it can be considered as an aspect wich together with other characterizes the state of the international legal order.

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