scholarly journals Рeculiarities of sunflower (Helianthus L.) growing on dried tury-podzolistic soil in the conditions of climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Savchuk ◽  
A. Melnychuk ◽  
H. Kochyk ◽  
V. Hurelya ◽  
O. Drebot
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Different Levels

In the conditions of global warming, the area of cultivation of thermophilic crops, in particular sunflower, is shifted from the southern regions of cultivation to the Polissya zone. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the efficiency of growing sunflower on drained soils without regulating the water regime with different fertilizer systems. The study analyzes the state of moisture supply of drained sod-podzolic soil during the growing season 2018–2019. It is established that in the summer total reserves of productive moisture in the 0–100 cm soil layer decreased to critical parameters (60 mm), and the groundwater level dropped to 2.5–3.0 m (depth bookmarks drains — 1.1 m). The results of the influence of different levels of fertilizer on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds (Jason hybrid), which was placed in the crop rotation after winter wheat, are presented. It is established that in the conditions of deficit of moisture in the soil, use of the norm of mineral fertilizers recommended for the Polissya zone (N60P60K90) with 40 t/ha of manure, increased 1.5 times more than norm (N90P90K135) against 4,0 t/ha of straw and the recommended one — against the background of straw and foliar fertilization with microfertilizer Yarilo were equivalent. When using them, the same seed yield was obtained — at the level of 2.30–2.33 t/ha. When applying the recommended rate of mineral fertilizers in conjunction with the straw of the predecessor, there was a decrease in seed yield by an average of 14.0%. Double fertilization of crops with complex chelated microfertilizerYarilo significantly increased the yield of sunflower on the options without mineral fertilizers and when using N60P60K90 on a background of straw. The oil content in the seeds was 47.5–50.1%, no significant dependence on the fertilizer system was observed. The most cost-effective fertilizer system was identified — N60P60K90 compatible with straw and microfertilizer Yarilo, at which the yield of sunflower seeds was 2.3 t/ha and the level of profitability was 43.5%.

Influence of mineral elements on the yield and quality of grain of the prospective line in winter tritikale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Voronchikhina ◽  
◽  
A.G. Marenkova ◽  
V. S. Rubets ◽  
V. V. Pylnev
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer System

The results of elements development of varietal agrotechnics of a new high-potential line 238h of winter triticale presented. It was identified that under the conditions of 2020 the most cost effective fertilizer system is an early spring application of NPK (S) (15-15-15 (10)) at a dose of 200kg/ha. The profitability level of this fertilizer was 88,9%.

scholarly journals Influence of agrotechnical receptions and fertility soils on the yield of the Monsoon variety in the conditions of the Primorsky Territory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.В. ТИМОШИНОВ ◽  
Л.Е. БАБИНЕЦ ◽  
Е.Ж. КУШАЕВА ◽  
А.А. ДУБКОВ ◽  
А.Г. КЛЫКОВ
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Представлены результаты исследований реакции растений сои сорта Муссон на изменение норм высева, способа посева и влияния различных систем удобрений на урожайность и качество семян в условиях Приморского края. Для получения максимальной урожайности сои сорта Муссон рекомендуется проводить рядовой посев на 15 см с нормой высева 500–600 тыс. или широкорядный посев на 30 см с нормой высева 550–650 тыс. всхожих семян на 1 га. Показана высокая эффективность комплексной системы удобрений с одинарной дозой минеральных удобрений (Н40 + И4,5 + 1NPK). The article presents the results of studies on the reaction of soybean plants of the Monsoon variety to changes in seeding rates, method of sowing, the influence of various fertilizer systems on the yield and quality of soybean seeds in the Primorsky Territory. It has been established that in order to obtain maximum yield, the soybean Monsoon variety is recommended to be sown with row crops of 15 cm with a seed rate of 500–600 thousand germinating seeds per 1 ha, with a wide-row method of sowing of 30 cm with a seed rate of 550–650 thousand germinating seeds on 1 ha. Of the applied in crop rotation, high efficiency of integrated fertilizer system with a single dose of mineral fertilizers (manure 40 + lime 4.5 + 1NPK) is shown.

scholarly journals Productivity of oil flax varieties in the conditions of northern forest steppe of Tyumen region

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Anatoly Pershakov ◽  
Raisa Belkina ◽  
Aigera Suleimenova ◽  
Ivan Loskomoynikov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Yield And Quality

Objective of the research: to study the influence of the norms of mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of seeds of oil flax varieties in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals in 2019-2020. The soil of the experimental field is leached chernozem, thin, heavy loamy. Experimental options included: control, without fertilizers; NPK based on seed yield 2 t/ha; NPK based on seed yield of 3 t/ha. Increases in yield from the use of fertilizers in the studied varieties August and Sokol were obtained in 2019, the growing season of which was characterized by the amount of precipitation close to the long-term level. In 2020, when there was a shortage of precipitation, only the Sokol variety showed a positive reaction to fertilizers. Under the influence of fertilizers, the seed oil content of the August variety decreased, while the Sokol variety was at the same level in all variants.

THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF LONG-FLAX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flax Seeds

The purpose of research: to improve the technology of growing flax in the Western region of Ukraine on the basis of the introduction of systems for minimizing tillage, which will increase the yield of trusts and seeds. Research methods: field, laboratory, visual and comparative calculation method. Research results: Field experiments included the study of three tillage systems (traditional, canning and mulching) and determining their impact on growth and development and yields of trusts and flax seeds. The traditional tillage system included the following operations: plowing with a reversible plow to a depth of 27 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage. The conservation system is based on deep shelfless loosening of the soil and provided for chiseling to a depth of 40 cm, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing, pre-sowing tillage. During the implementation of the mulching system, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage with a combined unit was carried out. Tillage implements and machines were used to perform tillage operations: disc harrow BDVP-3,6, reversible plow PON-5/4, chisel PCh-3, cultivator KPSP-4, pre-sowing tillage unit LK-4. The SZ-3,6 ASTPA grain seeder was used for sowing long flax of the Kamenyar variety. Simultaneously with the sowing of flax seeds, local application of mineral fertilizers (nitroammophoska 2 c/ha) was carried out. The application of conservation tillage allows to obtain the yield of flax trust at the level of 3,5 t/ha, which is 0,4 t/ha (12.9 %) more than from the area of traditional tillage and 0,7 t/ha (25 %) in comparison with mulching. In the area with canning treatment, the seed yield was the highest and amounted to 0,64 t/ha. The difference between this option and traditional and mulching tillage reaches 0,06 t/ha (10,3 %) and 0.10 t/ha (18.5 %), respectively. Conclusions. Preservation tillage, which is based on shelf-free tillage to a depth of 40 cm and disking to a depth of 15 cm has a positive effect on plant growth and development, yield and quality of flax.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Gulen Ozyazici
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Plant spacing and pollen quantity on yield and quality of squash seeds

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio S. de Lima ◽  
Antonio I. I. Cardoso ◽  
Marcelo F. Verdial
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pollen Quantity

Squash seeds yield and quality can be improved by proper population plant spacing and the pollen quantity, which influences the pollination quality and fertilization. Nine experiments were conducted as a factorial combination of three spacing between plants (0.8 x 0.3, 0.8 x 0.6 and 0.8 x 0.9 m), two quantities of pollen (50% of an anther and another entire one) and natural insect pollination. Seed and fruit production parameters, and seed quality were evaluated. A randomized complete block design, five replications, with ten plants per plot was adopted. Larger plant spacing increased the average number of mature fruits and seed yield per plant. Seed yield was directly proportional to the amount of pollen used during pollination. Higher amounts of pollen resulted in higher seed yield per area, but the plant spacing did not affect this characteristic. Manual pollination, using a whole anther, did not differ from natural pollination in relation to seed yield and quality.

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