THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF LONG-FLAX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flax Seeds

The purpose of research: to improve the technology of growing flax in the Western region of Ukraine on the basis of the introduction of systems for minimizing tillage, which will increase the yield of trusts and seeds. Research methods: field, laboratory, visual and comparative calculation method. Research results: Field experiments included the study of three tillage systems (traditional, canning and mulching) and determining their impact on growth and development and yields of trusts and flax seeds. The traditional tillage system included the following operations: plowing with a reversible plow to a depth of 27 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage. The conservation system is based on deep shelfless loosening of the soil and provided for chiseling to a depth of 40 cm, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing, pre-sowing tillage. During the implementation of the mulching system, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage with a combined unit was carried out. Tillage implements and machines were used to perform tillage operations: disc harrow BDVP-3,6, reversible plow PON-5/4, chisel PCh-3, cultivator KPSP-4, pre-sowing tillage unit LK-4. The SZ-3,6 ASTPA grain seeder was used for sowing long flax of the Kamenyar variety. Simultaneously with the sowing of flax seeds, local application of mineral fertilizers (nitroammophoska 2 c/ha) was carried out. The application of conservation tillage allows to obtain the yield of flax trust at the level of 3,5 t/ha, which is 0,4 t/ha (12.9 %) more than from the area of traditional tillage and 0,7 t/ha (25 %) in comparison with mulching. In the area with canning treatment, the seed yield was the highest and amounted to 0,64 t/ha. The difference between this option and traditional and mulching tillage reaches 0,06 t/ha (10,3 %) and 0.10 t/ha (18.5 %), respectively. Conclusions. Preservation tillage, which is based on shelf-free tillage to a depth of 40 cm and disking to a depth of 15 cm has a positive effect on plant growth and development, yield and quality of flax.

scholarly journals Сomparative evaluation of the effect of the bacterial biopreparation phytop 8.67–8 and the bacterial-humic complex agrofit-humate-b (bcg “afg-b”) on the growth and development of kiwano varieties green dragon

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
A. V. Pastukhova ◽  
I. Е. Lavrishchev ◽  
A. F. Petrov ◽  
V. Р. Tsvetkova ◽  
V. S. Maslenikova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of studying the influence of various biological and mineral fertilizers: Phytop 8.67, Agrofit-humate-B (BKG «AFG-B”) – on the growth and development of plants, as well as the yield and quality of kiwano fruits of the Green Dragon variety are presented. During the study, phenological and morphological observations, accounting and evaluation of the quality of the obtained fruits, analysis of the chemical composition of the fruits were carried out. The obtained data confirmed the positive effect of the use of biological preparations on the structure and quality of the resulting crop of kiwano, which will allow us to recommend this crop for cultivation in the territory of the Novosibirsk region, using experimentally proven methods and norms of fertilizer application during the growing season of plants.

scholarly journals Influence of microbial preparations and mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Chaikovskaya ◽  
◽  
V.V. Klyuchenko ◽  
M.I. Baranskaya ◽  
O.L. Ovsienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Biological Farming

The use of biological products based on effective strains of microorganisms with a range of useful properties is one of the aspects of biological farming. The long-term field experiments were conducted in the soil and climatic conditions of the Crimea. А positive effect of the combined use of mineral fertilizers (NPK calculated at P30) and pre-sown inoculation of seeds (biopreparation based on L. nimipressuralis CCM 32-3) on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain was shown. The increase in grain productivity of winter wheat by 31 % compared to control (on average for 3 years) and grain quality indicators: protein and gluten – up to 12.5% and 28.0 % (in the control 9.9% and 19.2%, respectively) was revealed.

scholarly journals Reserves for the Increase of Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and Their Dependence on the Heterogeneity of Crops in the Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Orenburg Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gulyanov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality

Aim. Verification of scientific concepts regarding the spatial heterogeneity of field agrocenoses. Identification of the variability of phytometric and structural crop ndicators and determination of the degree of their influence on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Orenburg Urals.Material and Methods. Establishment of field experiments, related observations and counts in accordance with the methodology of state variety crops testing and B.A.Dospekhov's guidelin. Monitoring of winter wheat crops was carried by measuring the vegetation index (NDVI) with a Green Seeker Handheld Crop Sensor, Model HCS‐100 (Trimble, USA). Determination of grain quality indicators was conducted according to GOST 9353‐2016 Wheat – Technical Conditions. Microsoft Office Excel was employed for the correlation and regression analysis of experimental data. Results. Analysis of the intra‐field heterogeneity of winter wheat agrocenoses in terms of yield and grain quality was conducted. The dependences of yield and grain quality on the principal crop phytometric and structural parameters were defined and expressed in the form of regression equations.Сonclusion. The results of the studies attest to the growth of reserves of grain yield to 3.0 t/ha and grain quality to class I‐II class in zonal climatic conditions of optimization of environmental factors to the level of the best basic plots by levelling out field soil heterogeneity. This is possible by restoring the fertility of anthropogenically‐degraded soil through the introduction of landscape‐adaptive and resource saving farming systems, soil protective and soil restorative crop rotation, differentiated application of organic and mineral fertilizers and selection of the most adaptive varieties. We also advise the introduction of intelligent ‘digital technologies’ aimed at fuller implementation of the genetic potential of cultivated varieties with careful consideration of natural resources and the preservation of biological diversity.

Impact of Agronomic Practices on Weed Communities: Fallow Within Tillage Systems

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Derksen ◽  
A. Gordon Thomas ◽  
Guy P. Lafond ◽  
Heather A. Loeppky ◽  
Clarence J. Swanton
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Tillage System

Continuous-cropping conservation tillage systems may provide a viable alternative to the practice of summer fallow; however, concerns have been raised regarding potentially negative changes in weed communities in continuous cropping. Field experiments were established in Saskatchewan at three locations to determine the nature of weed community differences between a crop sequence with and without fallow in zero-, minimum-, and conventional-tillage systems from 1986 to 1990. Weed communities in continuous-cropping treatments tended to have greater total densities and were more similar in composition than crop-fallow treatments. Inclusion or exclusion of fallow within the rotation had a greater impact on weed community composition than did tillage system at Ituna and Waldron, but the reverse was true at Tadmore due to poor crop growth in all tillage systems. Differences in weed community composition were generally characterized by fluctuational changes in species associations. Volunteers of summer-annual crops, such as canola, flax, and barley, were associated with continuous cropping, but other species including perennial weeds, such as Canada thistle, perennial sowthistle, and quackgrass, were not strongly associated with the presence or absence of fallow. The practice of fallowing land to manage weeds may not be necessary.

THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-752
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

In winter wheat crops, the fight against weeds, together with the use of mineral fertilizers, which increase the yield and quality of the crop by reducing the removal of nutrients from the soil, is an urgent production task. The purpose of the research is to develop methods for increasing the yield of winter wheat with the combined use of herbicides and mineral fertilizers. Field experiments were carried out in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2017–2019. The soil of the plot is chestnut calcareous. Weather conditions during the years of the research were favorable. The object of research is the high-yielding winter wheat variety Utrish. Mineral fertilizers stimulate the vital activity of soil microorganisms and enhance the cycle of biological transformation of plant nutrients, and herbicides have an inhibitory effect on cellulose-decomposing microorganisms, which ultimately reduces the rate of cellulose decomposition. Cellulose decomposed most intensively on backgrounds where mineral fertilizers were used. In control variant 3, the determination period, cellulose decomposed by 29.8%, against an average background (N60P60K60) by 40.2%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 43.6%. Herbicide Grench at a dose of 10 g/ha on backgrounds without fertilizers and with fertilizers in different doses ensured the death of weeds during the growing season by 76.6 ... 89.2%. The herbicide Luvaram (1.6 l/ha) also provided high weed death – 56.4–62.6%. The application of a tank mixture (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 0.8 l/ha) reduced weed infestation of winter wheat crops by 85.3–89.2% on different backgrounds of fertilization. The highest yield and profitability in the experiment were noted in the variant of the combined use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides. The level of profitability against the background of medium doses of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) was 130–150%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 149–169%.

scholarly journals The influence of the combined coulter operation on the quality and yield of grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
A.A. Kem ◽  
◽  
M.S. Chekusov ◽  
A.N. Shmidt ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
The Difference

The article presents the results of the studies of the effect of the combined paw coulter for multi-level sowing of grain crops and the simultaneous introduction of a starting dose of mineral fertilizers on the quality and yield of grain of soft spring wheat Omskaya 36 carried out in 2019-2020. When sowing using the SKP-2.1M seeder, which was reequipped with combined coulters, where mineral fertilizers were applied below the seeds of spring wheat, the yield increase in the experiments carried out in 2019 by 14% average in comparison with the control sowing with the SKP-2.1 seeder with serial coulters, where mineral fertilizers were applied to the same soil horizon with seeds. The conducted field experiment in 2020 confirmed the previously obtained results of the coulter performance; the increase in grain when using the combined coulters on the SPK-2.1M seeder was 12.5%. The difference in grain yield happened due to the different weather conditions in 2019 and 2020. The qualitative indicators of spring soft wheat when sowing with combined openers in comparison with a serial seeder gave an average increase in protein by 7.9% and 4.7%, and the highest gluten values on the control seeder were in the range of 25.8-27.1%, and on the experi-mental SKP-2.1M seeder it was 26.1−28.5% in 2019-2020, respectively. Thus, according to the re-sults of the laboratory field studies carried out over two years, it was found that the proposed design of the combined coulter for sowing and applying mineral fertilizers below the sowing of seeds is efficient and it contributes to an increase in yield and quality of grain of soft spring wheat.

AMOUNT AND STRUCTURE OF THE BIOLOGICAL FERTILITY OF SOYA, DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF MAIN TILLAGE OF SOIL AND MEASURES TO OPTIMIZE NUTRITION MODE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novokhatskyi ◽  
◽  
V. Targonya ◽  
T. Babinets ◽  
O. Gorodetskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Impact

Aim. Assessment of the impact of the most common systems of basic tillage and biological methods of optimization of nutrition regimes on the realization of the potential of grain productivity of soybean in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research used general scientific (hypothesis, experiment, observation) and special (field experiment, morphological analysis) methods Results. The analysis of the results of field experiments shows that the conservation system of soil cultivation, which provided the formation of 27.6 c/ha of grain, is preferable by the level of biological yield of soybean. The use of other systems caused a decrease in the biological yield level: up to 26.4 c/ha for the use of the traditional system, up to 25.3 c/ha for the use of mulching and up to 23.0 c/ha for the use of the mini-till. With the use of Groundfix, the average biological yield of soybean grain increases to 25.6 c / ha for application rates of 5 l/ha, and to 28.2 c/ha for application rates of 10 l/ha when control variants (without the use of the specified preparation) an average of 22.6 c/ha of grain was formed with fluctuations in soil tillage systems from 21.0 (mini-bodies) to 25.8 c/ha (traditional).The application of Groundfix (10 l/ha) reduced the seed abortion rate from 11.0% (average without biofertilizer variants) to 8.0%, forming the optimal number of stem nodes with beans, increasing the attachment height of the lower beans and improving other indicators of biological productivity soybeans. Conclusions. It has been found that the use of the canning tillage system generates an average of 27.6 cent soybean grains, which is the highest indicator among the main tillage systems within the scheme of our research. The use of Groundfix caused a change in this indicator: if the variants with a conservative system of basic tillage without the use of biological preparation (control) were formed on average 24.1 c/ha, the use of Ground Licks caused the increase of biological productivity up to 29.4 c/ha, and at a dose of 10 l/ha biological yield was 32.2 c/ha. It was found that both the use of Groundfix and the basic tillage system influenced the elements of the yield structure: the density of the plants at the time of harvest depended more on the tillage system than on the use of Groundfix; the use of Groundfix and increasing its dose within the scheme of our studies positively reflected on the density of standing plants; the height of attachment of the lower beans and reduced the abortion of the seeds.

Drip Irrigation and Stand Establishment Affect Yield and Quality of Cantaloupe

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545d-545
Author(s):  
D.I. Leskovar ◽  
J.C. Ward ◽  
R.W. Sprague ◽  
A. Meiri
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Yield And Quality

Water pumping restrictions of high-quality irrigation water from underground aquifers is affecting vegetable production in Southwest Texas. There is a need to develop efficient deficit-irrigation strategies to minimize irrigation inputs and maintain crop profitability. Our objective was to determine how growth, yield, and quality of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. cv. `Caravelle') are affected by irrigation systems with varying input levels, including drip depth position and polyethylene mulch. Stand establishment systems used were containerized transplants and direct seeding. Field experiments were conducted on a Uvalde silty clay loam soil. Marketable yields increased in the order of pre-irrigation followed by: dry-land conditions, furrow/no-mulch, furrow/mulch, drip-surface (0 cm depth)/mulch, drip-subsurface (10-cm depth)/mulch, and drip-subsurface (30 cm depth)/mulch. Pooled across all drip depth treatments, plants on drip had higher water use efficiency than plants on furrow/no-mulch or furrow/mulch systems. Transplants with drip-surface produced 75% higher total and fruit size No. 9 yields than drip-subsurface (10- or 30-cm depth) during the first harvest, but total yields were unaffected by drip tape position. About similar trends were measured in a subsequent study except for a significant irrigation system (stand establishment interaction for yield. Total yields were highest for transplants on drip-subsurface (10-cm depth) and direct seeded plants on drip-subsurface (10 and 30 cm depth) with mulch.

scholarly journals Scientific and practical fundamentals of growing cabbage (Brassica capitata lizg.) in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
A J Shokirov ◽  
S S Lapasov ◽  
K J Shokirov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Urgent Task

Abstract At present, scientific research is underway to further develop vegetable growing in the secondary crop, in particular to further increase the yield and quality of white cabbage, to select a system of planting time-sowing scheme that maximizes the biological productivity of varieties, and to apply the most optimal standards of fertilization and irrigation. In this regard, the urgent task remains to determine the optimal varieties of cabbage that can be grown in repeated crops, their optimal planting scheme, timing, development and implementation of optimal standards for each variety of mineral fertilizers and irrigation, and its solution is large-scale throughout the country. Besides that a number of problematic issues are addressed, which could allow to get high and high-quality harvest of white cabbage in repeated sowing in grain-free areas.

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