scholarly journals Histological Alterations in Some Organs of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Sub-lethal Concentrations of Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine]

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Adedamola Akinbadewa ◽  
Henry Adewole ◽  
Stephen Adeyeni ◽  
Victor Olaleye
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Mucosal Secretions ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

This study used a static bioassay to investigate the histological effects of glyphosate on the gill, liver and muscle of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. This was done with a view of further characterising the effect of glyphosate on C. gariepinus fingerlings and other aquatic life forms. Six-week old C. gariepinus fingerlings with an average weight of 10.02 ± 0.2 g were stocked into three exposure sets (control, 2.75 ppm (25% of the 96 h LC50 value) and 5.50 ppm (50% of the 96 h LC50 value)) in triplicate at 30 fish per tank for 70 days. The 96 h LC50  value was 11.00 mg/L. Histological examination of the C. gariepinus exposed to various sublethal concentrations of glyphosate showed that major histological changes in their organs were concentration dependent such as gill arch vacuolation, excessive mucosal secretions, lifting of epithelial, and epithelium thickening, hyperplasia and telangiectasis in the gills, discolouration, change in form and consistent alterations involving hyperplasia, narrowing of the central nerve, necrosis, pkynosis, blood congestion and vacuolation of the liver, mild hyperplasia and inflammatory responses in the muscle of the fish. The severity of histological alteration was more pronounced in fish organs exposed to 5.50 ppm of glyphosate concentration. This study concluded that the toxicant (glyphosate) is highly toxic to C. gariepinus particularly at a concentration of 5.50 ppm, therefore its use near farm lands or adjacent water bodies should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Effect of Sublethal Dose of Dichlorvos on the Biochemical Parameters of African Catfish

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achikanu CE ◽  
Ani ON
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The present study investigated the effects of sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos on liver marker enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase), acid phosphatase (ACP), serum total protein (STP), bilirubin, urea and creatinine in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles at sub acute period under laboratory conditions. A total of 90 juveniles of Clarias gariepinus with average weight and length of 200.15 ± 0.09g and 26.00 ± 0.00cm respectively were kept in three experimental groups of 30 per group in triplicate of 10 fishes. Groups 1 and 2 were exposed to dichlorvos at dosages of 21 and 43mg/l respectively and group 3 served as control for 15 experimental days. Analyses were carried out on days 1, 5, 10 and 15. From the results, there was no significant changes in the biochemical parameters tested on day 1 of the experiment but levels of the liver enzymes, ACP and bilirubin increased significantly (p<0.05) on other experimental days when compared with the control group. However, there was insignificant increase in the urea level and also a non-significant decrease in the creatinine and Serum total protein (STP) levels of the experimental groups when compared with the control group. From the analyses and observations made, we conclude that the administration of sublethal concentrations of dichlorvos to African catfish induced some damages to the liver which affected the levels of the liver enzymes and the increase in ACP level is indicative of carcinogenicity.

scholarly journals Assessing the effect of cadmium and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract on the organ gravimetry and lipid profile of the liver and serum of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Oluwagbenga Ogunbiyi ◽  
Harrison Iyare ◽  
Joseph Apata
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Group B

Toxicity of cadmium to all lives especially the aquatic life cannot be quantified due to their deleterious effect usually caused as a result of their incessant and uncontrollable discharged into the aquatic environment. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of cadmium and Hibiscus Sabdariffa Calyx Extract on the Organ Gravimetry and Lipid Profile of the Liver and Serum of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Forty juvenile catfish were divided into four groups containing ten fish with average weight 170 ± 2kg per group [Group A, Control (–HSCE – Cd), Group B (+HSCE), Group C (+Cd) and Group D (+HSCE + Cd)]. Group B and D were administered a daily dose of 40ml/kg body weight of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extracts (HSCE) (0.25%v/v) for 14 days while groups C and D were exposed to the same dose containing 0.3 mg of Cd/L daily for 14 days. The result shows that there was significant decrease (p<0.05) in the liver total- and LDL- cholesterol of fish exposed to HSCE and HSCE + Cd treated groups when compared to control and cadmium treated group. The triglycerides concentration of liver and serum was significantly increased (p<0.05) in fish exposed to cadmium when compared to the control and HSCE + Cd treated group respectively. SOD activity was significantly increase (p<0.05) in the serum of catfish exposed to Cd when compared to control. However, the liver-body weight ratio was significantly decreased in Cd and Cd + HSCE treated groups relative to the control. It is evident from the result obtained in this study that HSCE has protective effect against cadmium intoxicated fish (Clarias gariepinus).

Impact of Ogun River pollution on antioxidants and proximate composition of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
B. O. Onunkwor ◽  
T. O. Akinpelu ◽  
O. J. Oladipupo ◽  
R. N. Ugbaja ◽  
O. J. Olaoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ogun River

Most rivers in Nigeria are polluted without conscious efforts to abate ensuant consequences. Thus, Clarias gariepinus, an aquatic commercial food from Ogun River, Nigeria, was studied to investigate the impact of pollution on antioxidants and proximate composition. During the rainy season, 50 C. gariepinus (average weight 426.53 ± 24.40g and length 37.73 ± 0.95cm) were site sampled, 10 from each of Ago-Odo, Ago-Ika, Oke-Sokori, and Quarry along Ogun River course. Ajegunle-Adao cultured pond, served as control. The parameters assayed for included: some heavy metals and physico-chemical properties of sampled water, antioxidants and proximate composition of the fish samples. Physicochemical parameters of river studied showed that temperature of all sites ranged from 26 to 29°C, pH: 6.9 to 7.8, dissolved oxygen: 9.5 to 21.6, biochemical oxygen demand: 3.60 to 14.10, and chemical oxygen demand: 60 to 650. Lead (Pb) concentration ranged from 4.0 to 17.0 μg/L and cadmium (Cd): 0.0 to 6.0 μg/L. Blood Pb, Cd, activities of: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, plasma xanthine oxidase, and lipid peroxidation level of fish samples from Ago-Ika were most significantly (p < 0.05) high, with significant (p < 0.05) lowest reduced glutathione concentration amongst the samples from polluted sites when compared to control fish. Proximate analysis showed that the fish samples from Ogun River had significantly (p < 0.05) lower protein, fat contents, and higher nitrogen-free extract while Ago-Ika, Oke-Sokori and Quarry sites had significantly (p < 0.05) lower moisture, ash and fibre contents when compared with control. It can be concluded that the impact of pollution induced oxidative stress and significantly diminished the nutritional value of C. gariepinus from Ogun River.

scholarly journals Pathology of Edwardsiella tarda infection in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822), fingerlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham ◽  
Prakash Kumar Mallick ◽  
Harresh Adikesavalu ◽  
Sayani Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Lymphocyte Infiltration ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Focal Necrosis

AbstractEdwardsiella tarda is one of the serious fish pathogens infecting both cultured and wild fish species. This study aimed to assess the phenotypic characterization and pathogenicity of E. tarda isolated from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) with dropsy and histopathological alterations. The causative agent was identified with Vitek 2, and its pathogenicity was determined by intramuscular injection. The challenged catfish exhibited vertical hanging, frothing, excess mucus production, listing, swollen abdomen, anorexia, fin and tail rot, and reddish operculum. The LD50of E. tarda PBB and PBP strains was found to be 8.52 × 106and 1.68 × 107cells fish-1, respectively. Histopathological observations on catfish infected naturally revealed lymphocyte infiltration in muscle and focal necrosis, hyperplasia, edema, and swelling of the gill lamellar epithelium. The kidney of diseased fish exhibited ischemic type tubulopathy, necrosis of nephritic tubules, hyperplastic hematopoietic tissue, rupture of the tubular basement membrane, hydropic dystrophy of nephritic cells, neutrophil infiltration, fibrinoid necrosis of nephretic tubules, hemosiderin deposition, and edema. The liver sections revealed lymphocyte infiltration, dilation of hepatic sinusoids, expansion of space between hepatic sinusoids, and focal necrosis. The inflammatory responses observed in kidney and liver in the present study were presumably suppuration and were attributed to the potential virulence factors of E. tarda.

scholarly journals Growth rate of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and plankton diversity in ponds under organic and inorganic fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 17545-17559
Author(s):  
PA Otieno ◽  
◽  
DO Owiti ◽  
PO Onyango ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Plankton Diversity ◽  
And Control

Aquaculture offers the opportunity for safeguarding local and global food security in the face of declining capture fisheries. However, the form of aquaculture that is commonly practiced in Kenya is characterized by the use of agrochemicals such as fertilizers that negatively impact biodiversity especially when effluents from fish ponds drain into water bodies. This study aimed to determine differences in the growth rate of Clarias gariepinus, an important aquaculture fish in Kenya, to assess plankton diversity, and to identify phytoplankton species associated with pollution under organic and inorganic fertilization regimens using chicken manure, Diammonium phosphate, and urea, respectively. Average growth rate calculated per day was higher in the organically-fertilized ponds at 0.06 cm/day, followed by inorganically-fertilized ponds at 0.05cm/day and then, the control at 0.04 cm/day. Average weight gain was higher in organically-fertilized ponds at 0.08 g/day followed by ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer at 0.07 g/day and the control, at 0.06g/day. There were significant differences in growth rate across fertilization regimens (length: F2, 264= 24.06, p = 0.0399; weight: F2, 264 = 20.89, p = 0. 0457). Specifically, although differences in growth rate of fish in organically and inorganically fertilized ponds were not significant, fish in fertilized ponds were on average, longer and weighed more than those in the control pond. Jaccard’s similarity index for phytoplankton was highest (0.38) between organically-fertilized ponds and control but lowest (0.25) between inorganically-fertilized ponds and control. Use of chicken manure produced the highest diversity of zooplankton (Shannon-Weiner’s H in organically-fertilized pond = 1.886; inorganic = 1.044, and control = 0.935). The use of DAP and urea produced the highest proportion of phytoplankton species associated with pollution. These results do not support the commonly reported notion that ponds fertilized using inorganic fertilizers are more productive. Findings suggest that the use of inorganic fertilizers may threaten biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems through the production of toxic algae.

scholarly journals Effect of duckweed meal dietary inclusion on growth performance and survival of African catfish fingerlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-104
Author(s):  
Yuniel Méndez ◽  
Yenny Torres ◽  
Yilian Pérez ◽  
Misleidi Romás ◽  
Edilmar Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Lemna Perpusilla

Currently, the use of unconventional food sources in the inclusion of fish diets is cause of great interest. The growth performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was evaluated, with the inclusion of duckweed meal (Lemna perpusilla) in four levels (0, 6, 12 and 18 %) in the diet. African catfish with an average weight of 1.27 ± 0.03 g, were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 16 experimental cages (four replicates/treatment). The fingerlings were fed for 48 days of experimentation. An analysis of variance and a Duncan´s test were performed. No significant differences were found (p< 0.05) for the first two levels evaluated, but with the rest there were differences, as the percentage of inclusion of the duckweed meal in the ration increased. Final weight was decreasing, as well as absolute growth rate, increase in daily weight, feed conversion ratio and food efficiency. Survival throughout the experiment was between 72 y 65 % in all treatments. The inclusion of duckweed meal in the diet did not affect the parameters of water quality. It was concluded that the L. perpusillase meal can be included up to 12 % in diets for African catfish fingerlings, without affecting the growth performance.

scholarly journals Effect of Replacement of Fishmeal With Lima Bean Meal on the Zootechnical Performances of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) in the Batié Sub-Division, West Region of Cameroun

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Emile Miégoué ◽  
Fernand Tendonkeng ◽  
Jules Lemoufouet ◽  
Et Etienne Tedonkeng Pamo ◽  
Pégis Davy Tagning Zebaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
The Cost

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the substitution of fishmeal by Lima bean flouron the growth performance, survival rate and feed cost of Clariasgariepinusbetween March and May 2018 within the AIO ICG of the Batié District. It also aimed to contribute to the development of alternative sources of animal protein on a global scale. For this purpose, 300 fry of Clariasgariepinuswith an average weight of 3 ± 1.41g were divided into five batches and fed three times a day with rations corresponding to 5% of their ichthyobiomass. The rations R0, R25 R50, R75 and R100 respectively corresponded to the substitution rates of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of fish meal by that of Lima bean. The physic-chemical characteristics of the water (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrites and nitrates) were measured daily. The following results were obtained: The highest weight gains were obtained with the rations R25 (20.56 ± 0.40 g), R50 (20.64 ± 0.32 g), R75 (20.98 ± 0.46 g) and the lowest with the rations of R100 (16.21 ± 0.28 g). The highest average daily gain were 0.36 ± 0.02 g; 0.37 ± 0.01 g ; 0.38 ± 0.01 g respectively for the R0, R50 and R75 rations and the lowest with R100 (0.29 ± 0.01 g). The highest value of the specific growth rate (2.47 ± 0.07%) was obtained with the ration R0 and the lowest (1.61%) with the ration R100. The consumption index reached its highest and lowest values with the rations R100 (4.74 ± 0.42) and R50 (3.57 ± 0.43) respectively, compared to the value of the ration R0 (3.31 ± 0.37) for this parameter. Concerning the condition factor K, the highest value was recorded with the R50 diet (1.11 ± 0.49) while the lowest value was obtained with the R75 diet (0.95 ± 0.45). The cost of producing one kilogram of food was higher with the R25 ration (504.59 FCFA) and lower with the R100 ration (443.20 FCFA). Our results revealed that incorporating 75% Lima bean flour into the feed increases the growth performance of Clariasgariepinus fry and reduces the cost of food production.

The Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Paraquat on the Tissue Aminotransferases of the African Catfish: Clarias gariepinus

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kori-Siakpere . ◽  
Ovie . ◽  
Adamu . ◽  
Kabir Mohammed and Salubi . ◽  
Oghenevware .
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document