scholarly journals The Role Of Local Loan Institution In Providing Safety Net In Rural Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yogaprasta Adi Nugraha ◽  
Mariana R. A. Siregar

Rural area cannot be separated with poverty, according to Statistics Center Board (BPS), there are 18 milions rural people live below poverty line. Rural poverty has become many focus in development studies. There is a siginificant difference between rural poverty and urban poverty. Poor society in urban area are more vulnurable compared to poor society in rural area. In rural area, poor people tends to have informal social security that helps them to survive. This research aimed to determine the role of loan institution in providing social safety net for rural poor. Qualitative method was used to help us to have a better understanding about the debt institution in rural areas. This research found that rural poor have several alternatives source of debt that enable them to survive in a vulnerable situation. Most of people tend to see for a realistic loan institution with low interest (without interest is more preferable), low risk in returning the debt and fast in providing the money.

Edulib ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Silvana ◽  
Pawit M Yusup ◽  
Priyo Subekti

AbstractRural poverty can be understood as a social condition of a person, or a group of people who were associated with aspects of economic and non-economic aspects. Scientific aspects such as social, cultural, health, education, psychology, the environment, law, anthropology, and art, was often associated with poverty. Nevertheless, the notion of poor and rural poverty is, in general, is still viewed by researcher's perspective, rather than emic, ie see something from the perspective of the participant. This study took part of the effort to comprehensively understand the meaning of poor and poverty in the eyes of the poor, especially in rural areas, roomates point is on how to map view of rural poor people in hopes of interpreting experience of livelihood as poor in underlying survival living. By using a qualitative study approach, especially the tradition of phenomenology of Schutz, obtained a description of the results, that the meaning of poor and poverty, in phenomenology, containing context, such as: context ownership; contexts effort and trial and error; contexts powerlessness; contexts outside assistance; independence in the context of compulsion; contexts unattainable expectations; context of the struggle; context of limited access to information; contexts low curiosity; contexts simplicity needs; problems humiliation context; and context sensitivity in social communication.Keywords: Meaning poor, Poverty, Rural AbstrakKemiskinan di pedesaan dapat dipahami sebagai suatu kondisi sosial seseorang, atau sekelompok orang yang terkait dengan aspek-aspek ekonomi dan non-ekonomi. Aspek ilmiah seperti sosial, budaya, kesehatan, pendidikan, psikologi, lingkungan, hukum, antropologi, dan seni, yang sering dikaitkan dengan kemiskinan. Namun demikian, gagasan tentang kemiskinan dan pedesaan, secara umum, masih dilihat dari perspektif peneliti, bukan emik, yaitu melihat sesuatu dari perspektif partisipan. Penelitian ini mengambil bagian dari upaya untuk secara komprehensif memahami makna miskin dan kemiskinan di mata masyarakat miskin, terutama di daerah pedesaan, which titik adalah bagaimana memetakan pandangan masyarakat miskin pedesaan dengan harapan pengalaman yang menafsirkan mata pencaharian sebagai masyarakat miskin untuk bertahan hidup. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kualitatif, khususnya tradisi fenomenologi Schutz, diperoleh gambaran hasil, bahwa makna miskin dan kemiskinan, dalam fenomenologi, mengandung konteks, seperti: kepemilikan konteks; Upaya konteks dan trial and error; Ketidakberdayaan konteks; konteks di luar bantuan; kemerdekaan dalam konteks paksaan; konteks harapan tercapai; konteks perjuangan; konteks terbatasnya akses terhadap informasi; konteks rasa ingin tahu yang rendah; kesederhanaan konteks kebutuhan; konteks masalah penghinaan; dan sensitivitas konteks komunikasi sosial.Kata Kunci : Makna kemiskinan, Kemiskinan, Desa


2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Prasodjo

This article discusses on poverty rate and inequlity in urban and rural areas during 2011-15. It shows that poverty rate tends todecrease. The poverty in rural area is worse than that in the urban one. The urban poor people work in the informal sector or in the small business. The poor in the rural areas work in the agriculture sector. The majority of poorest provinces is in the east Indonesia. However, the majority of the poor people live in Java island. Eventough the income inequility in Indonesia is moderate, but it  has been increased since 2011. There are many more poor people above the national poverty line. The government could inprove rural and east Indonesia infstructure in order to increase agriculture production. In this way the poverty in rural area and the gap between east and west Indonesia could decrease.


Author(s):  
Azad Ali Khatyan ◽  
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Saleem Rahpoto ◽  
Dr. Ghulam Muhammad Mangnejo

Poverty is a chronic problem in Pakistan. More than 25 percent of the population is still living below the poverty line. In Pakistan, rural poverty is more than urban poverty. More than 65 percent of the population is living in rural areas. They depend on farming. The purpose of this study was to determine the variables for the more production of rice crops which will increase the income of farmers and it will reduce the poverty from the farmers. The study calculated the average household income of the farmers. The area of this study was District Larkana. A Stratified sample technique was used for the sample from the four Taluka, a sample size of 100 farmers were selected. The data were analyzed by using the cobb-Douglas production function in the log transform method. Demographic results showed that farmers are less educated. The family size was mostly large and they are experienced. The average incomes of the farmers were 53960. The results of the regression revealed that model data is valid with Cronbach's alpha 0.69. Adjusted R-square 0.91 shows good variation due to selected variables. The model is significant at 0.000 values. All variables plow, fertilizer, seed Pest, Labor, Education, and experiences have a positive impact on rice production which is important for farmers’ income.


2022 ◽  
pp. 79-110

In this chapter, attention shifts to the locality and context of extreme poverty in rural areas and sheds light on the challenges rural people face to overcome poverty. Due to limited information, inadequate access to markets and social services, and lack of opportunities to take ownership of productive assets, little is known about how populations overcome their struggles in extreme poverty in rural areas. The discussion exemplifies the need to examine culture, politics, and the social-historical context in which poor people live. The chapter concludes that rural poverty and the challenges to eliminate its causes and consequences are associated with lack of education, land and livestock, infrastructural technical support, the absence of good enough governance, as well as inability to secure non-farm alternatives to diminishing farm opportunities.


Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Yatindra Kumar Jha

Urban poverty alleviation is the major thrust of development planning in India. However, poverty eradication is a daunting task as the problem is gradually increasing due to migration of rural poor people in urban centres.  Urban poverty is a major challenge before the urban managers and administrators of the present time. Though the anti-poverty strategy comprising of a wide range of poverty alleviation and employment generating programmes has been implemented but results show that the situation is grim. Importantly, poverty in urban India gets exacerbated by substantial rate of population growth, high rate of migration from the rural areas and mushrooming of slum pockets. Migration alone accounts for about 40 per cent of the growth in urban population, converting the rural poverty into urban one. Moreover, poverty has become synonymous with slums. The relationship is bilateral i.e. slums also breed poverty. This vicious circle never ends. Most of the world’s poor reside in India and majority of the poor live in rural areas and about one-fourth urban population in India lives below poverty line. If we count those who are deprived of safe drinking water, adequate clothing, or shelter, the number is considerably higher. Moreover, the vulnerable groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, minorities, pavement dwellers etc., are living in acute poverty. Housing conditions in large cities and towns are depicting sub human lives of slum dwellers. With the reconstruction of poverty alleviation programmes in urban India, it is expected that social and  economic benefits will percolate to the population below the poverty line. However, eradication of poverty and  improving the quality of  life of the poor  remain one of the daunting tasks. Government of India has introduced  numerous centrally sponsored schemes from time to time. Rajiv Awas Yojana, Rajiv Rin Yojana and National Urban Livelihood  Mission are the new addition for poverty alleviation in urban area.


Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Chhabi Ram Baral

Urban poverty is one of multidimensional issue in Nepal. Increasing immigration from the outer parts of Kathmandu due to rural poverty, unemployment and weak security of the lives and the properties are core causes pushing people into urban areas. In this context how squatter urban area people sustain their livelihoods is major concern. The objectives of the study are to find out livelihood assets and capacities squatters coping with their livelihood vulnerability in adverse situation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are applied for data collection. It is found that squatters social security is weak, victimized by severe health problems earning is not regular with lack of physical facilities and overall livelihood is critical. This study helps to understand what the changes that have occurred in livelihood patterns and how poor people survive in urban area.


2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522097106
Author(s):  
Kassie Dessie Nigussie ◽  
Assefa Admassie ◽  
M. K. Jayamohan

Land ownership and its persistent gap between rich and poor is one of the pressing development challenges in Africa. Access to land has fundamental implications for a poor and agrarian African economy like Ethiopia, where most people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Empirical literatures suggest that access to land is a cause and effect of poverty—at the same time, the role of poverty status of the household in gaining or limiting access to land has received only a passing attention from researchers. This study investigates the effect of ‘being poor’ on access to land using ordered probit and censored tobit models. Three wave panel data of Ethiopian Rural Socioeconomic Survey (ERSS) collected between 2011–12 and 2015–16 are used for the analysis. The study result confirms that poverty does have significant effect on household’s participation and intensity of participation on both sides of the rental market. It is found that being poor, as compared to non-poor counterpart, leads to an increase in the likelihood of rent-in land by 0.068 hectare and reduce the likelihood of rent-out land by 0.046 hectare at 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. The tenants are not characterised as economically disadvantaged reflecting the existence of reverse tenancy among rural poor in Ethiopia.


JEJAK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amir Arham ◽  
Ahmad Fadhli ◽  
Sri Indriyani Dai

Agriculture is the primary sector in many provinces in Indonesia. In fact, most of the rural communities work in the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, the poverty level in rural areas remains high. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the performance of the agricultural sector in reducing the rural poverty level in Indonesia, and to investigate factors that contribute as a determinant in reducing rural poverty level in Indonesia. This study was significant, considering that the result was to contribute to government policy evaluation in the agricultural sector, especially in reducing poverty in rural areas. This study used quantitative analysis through multiple regressions with data panel from 2014 to 2017 from 33 provinces in Indonesia. This study revealed that the increase of agricultural sector share and the widening of the income distribution had caused an increase in poor people in a rural area. This finding also revealed that the income distribution gap was a determinant to the severity of rural poverty. The growth in the agricultural sector to contribute toward the economy could reduce rural poverty level in Indonesia. Meanwhile, agricultural financing, economic growth, inflation, and the farmer exchange rate had not significantly contributed to reducing the poverty level.


Author(s):  
James L. Huffman

Comparison is theme of this chapter, which looks at rural poverty as a way of understanding what was universal and what unique about urban poverty. After a look at the nature-and season-dominated village setting, the work examines daily life: hard work in the rice fields, raising silkworms, the role of women in both fields and homes. A special theme is the importance community played, in setting rules, providing mutual support, and giving children a more productive place than they enjoyed in the hinminkutsu. The pursuit of pleasure also is seen as important in village life: in baths, in relatively open sexuality, and in the constant festivals. A summary shows that villages, the source of most of the urban migration, were at least as poor as city slums but that the rural poverty’s effect was softened by the natural setting and the village sense of community.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saleh Alshebami ◽  
V. Rengarajan

The objective of this paper is to investigate the different types of hurdles limiting the growth and development of microfinance institutions operating in Yemen, and to suggest relevant recommendations that be used as a backup in the process of taking remedial measures. The study is both descriptive and analytical in nature. The data collected is based on both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was collected during the field study of ongoing PhD research study on the role of microfinance in mitigating poverty and unemployment in Yemen conducted in October 2015 by Mr. Ali Alshebami. Only a sample of nine MFIs was selected from The MFIs operating in the market, as the remaining MFIs could not be easily reached due to the prevailing persistent internal war situation. A few of these hurdles include but not limited the existence of insufficient funds necessary for financial business and the availability of poor physical infrastructure in the rural areas. In addition, the shortage of qualified human resources, the poor diversification of products and services, the political instability of the country, the wrong perception about lending to the poor and many others. Among other remedial measures, investible funds and designing of integrated financial products with the inclusion of micro insurance are essential, these two vital ones along with including the financial linkages between MFIs and formal banking institutions should be adopted for more enhancement. The study confirms that there are several difficulties and challenges, which hinder the MFIs from progressing and achieving their mission in terms of outreach to the poor people.


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