scholarly journals Human astrovirus among hospitalized children under five years of age with acute diarrhea in Basrah, Iraq

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan J. Hasony ◽  
Basam D. Salman ◽  
Hazim T. Thewiny
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Human Astrovirus

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Rotavirus diarrhea in children under five: A hospital-based surveillance in Jakarta

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzal Kadim ◽  
Yati Soenarto ◽  
Badriul Hegar ◽  
Agus Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Rota Virus ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Background Rotavirus is still a major cause of acute diarrhea in children around the world, both in developed and developingcountries. WHO Surveillance from 2001 to 2008 showed that in children under five years of age treated for acute diarrhea, on average 40% of cases were caused by rotavirus. A previous study in Indonesia showed that the incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in children ranged from 20%􀁑60% of diarrhea cases. However, there have been few studies identifying the genotypes of rotavirus strains in Indonesia. This infonnation is indispensable for manufacturing vaccines.Objective To examine the epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhea, including genotypes and clinical characteristics, in children under five years who were hospitalized in Jakarta.Methods This study was a prospective surveillance conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from January to December 2007 investigating hospitalized children under five years of age who suffered from acute diarrhea.Results Ninety􀁑nine patients joined the study. The incidence of rotavirus infection in this study was 67%. The youngest was 2months of age and the oldest 54 months of age, Mth an average age of 13.6 months. As much as 92% of rota virus diarrhea was found in subjects aged 3􀁑23 months, Mth a peak age of 12􀁑23 months. Nutritional status, degree of dehydration, bloating, fever, blood in stool, and mucus in the feces were not significantly different between rotavirus and non􀁑rotavirus diarrhea. Vomiting tended to be more frequently experienced by children Mth rotavirus diarrhea than those with non􀁑rotavirus (88% vs. 67%). There was no clear, seasonal pattern for rotavirus diarrhea. Most G genotypes in this study were G1 (35%), G9 (12.5%), G2 (7.5%) and the majority of P genotypes were P6 (52.5%), P8 (17.5%) and P4 (10%).Conclusions The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in hospitalized children under five years of age in Jakarta was 67%, with apredominance ofG1, G9 and G2 genotypes. 

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of norovirus infection responsible for acute diarrhea in Congolese hospitalized children under five years old in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivaldie Mikounou Louya ◽  
Christevy Vouvoungui ◽  
Félix Koukouikila-Koussounda ◽  
Francisco Veas ◽  
Simon Charle Kobawila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among children under five in semi-urban areas of northeastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarikuwa Natnael ◽  
Mistir Lingerew ◽  
Metadel Adane
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Diarrheal disease is still one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in children under five in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Lack of specific data on the prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in the semi-urban areas of Gelsha, found in northeastern Ethiopia’s South Wollo zone, remains a major gap. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data that is important for proper planning of intervention measures to reduce the problem in this area. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 systematically selected children under five in semi-urban areas of Gelsha from January to March 2019. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Bivariable (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) were employed using binary logistic regression model with 95% CI (confidence interval). Variables with a p-value < 0.05 from the multivariable analysis were declared as factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea. Result The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five in the study area was 11% (95%CI: 7.8–14.3%). About two-thirds (63.60%) of study participants used water from improved sources. About half (54.90%) of study participants practiced poor handwashing and 45.10% practiced good handwashing. We found that factors significantly associated with acute diarrhea were a child’s age of 12–23 months (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI: 1.45–1.50), the presence of two or more under-five children in the house (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.19–6.81), unimproved water sources (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.28–6.87) and presence of feces around the pit hole/slab/floor of the latrine (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.34–8.31). Conclusion The prevalence of acute diarrhea among children under five was relatively high. To reduce the problem, various prevention strategies are essential, such as the provision of health education to mothers/caregivers that focuses on keeping sanitation facilities clean and child care, and construction of improved water sources. Furthermore, implementing a strong health extension program, advocating an open defecation-free environment, and practicing a community-led total sanitation and hygiene approach might be helpful to sustainably reduce childhood diarrhea.

Relative Efficacy of Probiotics Compared with Standard Therapy for Diarrhea Treatment in Children Under Five Years of Age: A Meta-Analysis Evidence from Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Suria Saputri ◽  
◽  
Tri Nugraha Susilawati ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Review Manager

ABSTRACT Background: Probiotics have been widely studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. There is high-quality evidence that probiotics are effective for acute infectious diarrhea. This study aimed to examine the relative efficacy of probiotics compared with standard therapy for diarrhea treatment in children under five using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis was carried out using systematic PRISMA guidelines. The review process begins with searching for articles published between 2009 and 2019 from PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. This study obtained four articles that meet the criteria of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), the study subjects were toddlers and conducted in developing countries. A sample of 995 children was divided into two groups, 518 children received probiotics (intervention) and 477 children received standard therapy (control). The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) software 5.3 to assess Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). Results: Probiotics administration reduced duration of acute diarrhea in children under five than standard therapy, with pooled estimate= 0.30 (SMD= -0.30; 95% CI= – 0.56 to -0.03). Conclusion: Probiotics administration combined with standard therapy is effective to reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in children under five in developing countries. Keywords: acute diarrhea, probiotic, children under five Correspondence:Nurul Aini Suria Saputri. Midwifery Department, School of Health Polytechnics, Tanjungpinang/ Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim No.1, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285743401971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.95

Characterization of astrovirus-associated gastroenteritis in hospitalized children under five years of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Zaraket ◽  
Hadi Abou-El-Hassan ◽  
Khalil Kreidieh ◽  
Nadia Soudani ◽  
Zainab Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Rotavirus Diarrhoea among Children under Five Years in a Tertiary Level Government of Rajasthan

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ari ◽  
Ruchi Chaudhary ◽  
S.D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elisa Result ◽  
Level Government

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children globally. Studies indicate that rotavirus causes approximately 40 percent of childhood diarrhoea hospitalization worldwide and around 39 percent in India in less than 5 years of age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under five years.Materials and Method: Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-5 years with acute diarrhea and samples are tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result: Out of 349 samples, 104(29.8%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Therefore the prevalence of rotavirus infection among hospitalized patient under this study was 29.8%.Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):273-276

Etiology of Non-Rotaviral Diarrhea in Hospitalized Children Under Five Years of Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 571-572
Author(s):  
Itta Krishna Chaaithanya ◽  
Debdutta Bhattacharya ◽  
Tanmayi Patil ◽  
Kirti Vittal Ghargi ◽  
Shanta Kalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

scholarly journals Attitude of Mothers Toward Home Management of Acute Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years of Age

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somia I. Bashir, Noora B. Altamimi , Nada R. Alharbi, Amani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Unfavorable Attitude ◽  
North Western

  A descriptive study conducted in Hail city (north-western Saudi Arabia, has a population of 412.758 according to Ha'il Province in 2010). Study aim to assess knowledge of mother about acute diarrhea in children under five years in Hail city (north-western Saudi Arabia), and to assess the attitude of mothers of home management of acute diarrhea. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 522 mothers of children under five years old whom suffered from diarrhea during the last year were included in the study. Mothers whose children didn’t have diarrhea during the last year were excluded.  Questionnaires were distributed directly to the mothers and through social media. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19 program for Windows. The study started from October 2015 to February 2016, that included 522 mothers, most of the mothers are educated, and half of them were between 21-30 years of age. 37.4% of mothers increase fluid during diarrhea, most of them gives artificial feeding only. Also, half of the children showed sign of dehydration. It’s concluded that considerable number of mothers have unfavorable attitude towards the management of acute diarrhea at home. So, they need health education. 

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