scholarly journals Study of the Genetic Architecture in Radish

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Esho KB
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Seed Yields

The studied was to investigate for studying the genetic architecture in seven genotypes of radish during growing season autumn 2019/2020, at the area of the vegetable research, Department of Horticulture and landscape Designs, agriculture and forestry College, University of Mosul. The results indicated that highly significant variation among all the fifteen traits, vegetative, root and seeds parameters. The genotype Istanbul was superior than all genotypes for whole plant weight, root diameter and root length, number of leaves for each plant, while genotype, while Radish Shahry gave a higher value in fruit length (siliqua), genotype Black radish was superior than all genotypes for root total yield per area and total seed yields for each plant. In addition, the highest phenotypic, genotypic coefficient related to variation has been identified for the characteristics of whole plant gram weight, total chlorophyll content SPAD, root weight, total seed yield for each unit area and the number of fruits (siliqua) for each one of the plants. Almost all the characteristics showed high heritability broad sense ranging between 66.507 and 97.109%, high genetic advance as mean’s percent was indicated regarding all the traits excepted for the leaf’s number plant and seeds weight/plant. Which were 13.846, 8.769% respectively.

scholarly journals Study of the Genetic Architecture in Radish

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Esho KB
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Seed Yields

The studied was to investigate for studying the genetic architecture in seven genotypes of radish during growing season autumn 2019/2020, at the area of the vegetable research, Department of Horticulture and landscape Designs, agriculture and forestry College, University of Mosul. The results indicated that highly significant variation among all the fifteen traits, vegetative, root and seeds parameters. The genotype Istanbul was superior than all genotypes for whole plant weight, root diameter and root length, number of leaves for each plant, while genotype, while Radish Shahry gave a higher value in fruit length (siliqua), genotype Black radish was superior than all genotypes for root total yield per area and total seed yields for each plant. In addition, the highest phenotypic, genotypic coefficient related to variation has been identified for the characteristics of whole plant gram weight, total chlorophyll content SPAD, root weight, total seed yield for each unit area and the number of fruits (siliqua) for each one of the plants. Almost all the characteristics showed high heritability broad sense ranging between 66.507 and 97.109%, high genetic advance as mean’s percent was indicated regarding all the traits excepted for the leaf’s number plant and seeds weight/plant. Which were 13.846, 8.769% respectively.

scholarly journals Study of the Genetic Architecture in Radish

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Esho KB
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Seed Yields

The studied was to investigate for studying the genetic architecture in seven genotypes of radish during growing season autumn 2019/2020, at the area of the vegetable research, Department of Horticulture and landscape Designs, agriculture and forestry College, University of Mosul. The results indicated that highly significant variation among all the fifteen traits, vegetative, root and seeds parameters. The genotype Istanbul was superior than all genotypes for whole plant weight, root diameter and root length, number of leaves for each plant, while genotype, while Radish Shahry gave a higher value in fruit length (siliqua), genotype Black radish was superior than all genotypes for root total yield per area and total seed yields for each plant. In addition, the highest phenotypic, genotypic coefficient related to variation has been identified for the characteristics of whole plant gram weight, total chlorophyll content SPAD, root weight, total seed yield for each unit area and the number of fruits (siliqua) for each one of the plants. Almost all the characteristics showed high heritability broad sense ranging between 66.507 and 97.109%, high genetic advance as mean’s percent was indicated regarding all the traits excepted for the leaf’s number plant and seeds weight/plant. Which were 13.846, 8.769% respectively.

scholarly journals Genotype × Environment effects on morphological and productive components of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Sindi Elen Senff ◽  
Viviane de Fátima Milcheski ◽  
Ana Caroline Basniak Konkol ◽  
Ana Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.) is a crop with high market demands because of its well-known health benefits. Limited use of improved clones reduces the crop’s income potential. Plant breeding programs seek to selectgenotypes with good results in a variety of environments by evaluating the interaction effects of genotypes and environments. This study aimed to assess Clone × Growing season effects on morphological and productive parameters of sweet potato clones grown in the municipality of Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The following clones were evaluated: Brazlândia Rosada, BRS Amélia, Beauregard, BrazlândiaRoxa, and BRS Rubissol. A randomized block design with three replications was used to investigate root length, root diameter, mean root weight, total root number, number of marketable roots, total yield, and marketable yield. Data were subjected to one-way and two-way analysis of variance. Beauregard afforded the largest number of marketable roots and was stable in both growing seasons. Beauregard, Brazlândia Roxa, and Brazlândia Rosada differed in total number of roots between growing seasons. There were no significant differences between growing seasons in mean root weight; BRS Amélia afforded a higher mean root weight than Brazlândia Rosada. Beauregard did not differ in total or marketable yield between growing seasons and provided higher yields than the other clones. BRS Rubissol and Beauregard were found to be the most promising for sweet potato cultivation under the environmental conditions of Curitibanos.

scholarly journals The influence of microbial inoculums on yield and yield components of rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zvezda Bogevska ◽  
Olga Najdenovska ◽  
Marina Stojanova ◽  
Monika Stojanova ◽  
Dejan Ristikj
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The use of microbial inoculums can improve growth and yield of plants without use of agrochemicals which can result in obtaining quality food. Rocket is widely grown for spice and salad in the areas of Mediterranean Sea. Having in mind the importance of rocket in human diet the research was carried out in rocket grown in unheated protected houses. The experiment included four variants as follows: variant 1 control – untreated variant; variant 2 – treated with application of inoculum from the product Uniker into the soil before the sowing of the rocket; variant 3 – treated with application of inoculum from two different products Uniker and Slavol S before sowing of the seeds, whereby Slavol S was applied by immersion of the seeds for five minutes before sowing, and Uniker was applied in the soil before the sowing of the rocket; variant 4 – treated with foliar application of live cells of bacteria Azotobacter sp. (10-6 cfu/ml) every fifteen days during vegetation. During the vegetation total yield (t/ha) and yield components were measured. The results showed that the highest average yield (22,30 t / ha) was achieved by variant 4. Also the highest average value for the weight of the whole plant (4,22 g), root weight (0,50 g), rosette weight (3,73 g) and leaves weight (2,50 g) was obtained by variant 4. The highest average value for the number of leaves was measured in variant 3 (6,13) while the root length was highest in control variant (116,70 mm).

scholarly journals Genetic architecture of schizophrenia: a review of major advancements

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Legge ◽  
Marcos L. Santoro ◽  
Sathish Periyasamy ◽  
Adeniran Okewole ◽  
Arsalan Arsalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Coding Variants

Abstract Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with high heritability. Consortia efforts and technological advancements have led to a substantial increase in knowledge of the genetic architecture of schizophrenia over the past decade. In this article, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the genetics of schizophrenia, outline remaining challenges, and summarise future directions of research. World-wide collaborations have resulted in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in over 56 000 schizophrenia cases and 78 000 controls, which identified 176 distinct genetic loci. The latest GWAS from the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium, available as a pre-print, indicates that 270 distinct common genetic loci have now been associated with schizophrenia. Polygenic risk scores can currently explain around 7.7% of the variance in schizophrenia case-control status. Rare variant studies have implicated eight rare copy-number variants, and an increased burden of loss-of-function variants in SETD1A, as increasing the risk of schizophrenia. The latest exome sequencing study, available as a pre-print, implicates a burden of rare coding variants in a further nine genes. Gene-set analyses have demonstrated significant enrichment of both common and rare genetic variants associated with schizophrenia in synaptic pathways. To address current challenges, future genetic studies of schizophrenia need increased sample sizes from more diverse populations. Continued expansion of international collaboration will likely identify new genetic regions, improve fine-mapping to identify causal variants, and increase our understanding of the biology and mechanisms of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Genotypic and phenotypic variability in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-690
Author(s):  
DAN Majumder ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
MA Rahim ◽  
MM Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fruit Harvest

Sixty mango genotypes were studied to find out their variability, heritability, and genetic advance. Significant variations were observed in 20 characters. There were also considerable differences between the genotypic and the phenotypic coefficients of variation for almost all the characters which indicated the influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Among the studied characters, GCV and PCV were high for weight of harvested fruits per plant, % fruit harvest per inflorescence, % initial fruit set per inflorescence, number of fruits per plant and number of main branches per inflorescence. All the characters showed considerably high heritability which ranged from 56.21 to 98.24% and the genetic advance (as % of mean) was high for the maximum traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in weight of harvested fruits per plant, % initial fruit set per inflorescence, % of flowering shoot, number of inflorescences per shoot, percent fruit harvest per inflorescence, number of main branches per inflorescence, number of fruits per plant, number of inflorescences per shoot, plant height (cm), and percent perfect flowers which indicated that these characters were less influenced by environment confirming predominance of additive gene action and therefore, selection in favour of these characters would be feasible for yield improvement of mango. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14393 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 683-690, December 2012

scholarly journals Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salfina S. Mampa ◽  
Martin M. Maboko ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

scholarly journals Variance components and correlations of agronomic traits among cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) maturity groups

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Cervenski ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanovic-Varga ◽  
Svetlana Glogovac
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Head Height ◽  
Maturity Groups

In this paper we studied the variability and correlation of cabbage traits in different maturity groups. The study included early spring cabbages (planted in early spring, harvested in early summer) and autumn cabbages (planted in mid-summer, harvested in late autumn). Using coefficients of variation and correlation coefficients, we analyzed 17 cabbage traits in 35 commercially grown cultivars, F1 hybrids, and experimental F1 hybrids. The traits were analyzed separately for each maturity group. In the early cabbages, the coefficients of variation ranged from 4.8 to 44.2%. The calculated correlation coefficients differed between the two maturity groups. The early cabbages had 26 significant positive correlations. The positive correlations calculated among different traits of early cabbages defined this group fully and made it distinct from the late-maturing genotypes. Plant height and rosette diameter in the early genotypes were highly positively correlated with rosette weight, whole plant weight, head weight, usable portion of head, head height, and head diameter. Plant height and rosette diameter participate in the formation of active photosynthetic area in early cabbages. Rosette width in these genotypes provides a greater influx of light and heat, which results in greater head weight. Also, in early cabbages that have greater plant height, the leaf rosette will not lie on the cold surface of the ground in the spring. The activity of the cabbage plant is thus more focused towards the formation of larger head weight. Head volume in the late genotypes was highly positively correlated with rosette diameter, whole plant weight, head weight, usable portion of head, inner stem length, and head height. In late cabbages plant activity is directed towards the formation of head volume due to the longer duration of the growth period, larger leaves, and differences in climatic conditions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cropping Method and Botanical Form on Seed Yielding and Chemical Composition of Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) Grown under Organic System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Jerzy Księżak ◽  
Jolanta Bojarszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Cereal Plant ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Seed Yields

A field study was conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Grabów in Poland between 2017–2018. This study evaluated seed yield and chemical composition of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) under organic conditions, either growing as a sole crop, or with barley (Hordeum vulgare) or oats (Avena sativa L.) as supporting plants. Two chickpea types were included in experiment scheme: kabuli and desi. The experiment was established as a split-plot design with four replicates. The study showed that a higher total seed yields of both forms of chickpeas grown in both pure sowing and with spring cereals was obtained in 2018 than 2017. The higher yield in this study period was the result of a greater number of pods, seeds, and higher weight of the chickpea seed and cereal grains on a plant. Higher yields were noted in chickpeas grown with supporting crops than in sole cropping. Significantly better thousand seed weight of both botanical forms of chickpeas was observed in chickpeas grown in sole cropping than with supporting plants. Regardless of cropping method, the desi form was characterized by higher yields than the kabuli type, and its percentage in seed yields of chickpeas grown with cereals was higher than the kabuli type. The highest seed yields were obtained in chickpeas grown with oats. Neither chickpea type had a significant effect on the height of cereal plant, the number of grains on each plant, the number of producing shoots or thousandgrainweight of the two cereal species. Regardless of cropping method, the highest content of fiber and fat was determined in desi-type seeds, while the highest protein and phosphorus content was characterized kabuli-type seeds.

scholarly journals Root distribution and yield responses of wheat/maize intercropping to alternate irrigation in the arid areas of northwest China  

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Yang ◽  
Q. Chai ◽  
Huang GB
Keyword(s):  
Root Distribution ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
North West ◽  
Weight Density ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Conventional Irrigation

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of alternate irrigation (AI) on root distribution and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping system during the period of 2007–2009 in an oasis of arid north-west China. Five treatments, i.e. sole wheat with conventional irrigation (W), sole maize with alternate irrigation (AM), sole maize with conventional irrigation (CM), wheat/maize intercropping with alternate irrigation (AW/M), and wheat/maize intercropping with conventional irrigation (CW/M). The results showed that root growth was significantly enhanced by alternate irrigation (AI), root weight density (RWD), root length density (RLD) and root-shoot ratios (R/S) in AI treatments were all higher than those in conventional irrigation (CI) treatments. Moreover, intercropped wheat and maize also had a greater root development at a majority of soil depths than wheat and maize in monoculture. In three years, AW/M always achieved the highest total seed yield under different treatments. Higher yield and reduced irrigation resulted in higher water use efficiency (WUE) for the AW/M treatment. Our results suggest that AI should be a useful water-saving irrigation method on wheat/maize intercropping in arid oasis field where intercropping planting is decreased because of limited water resource.

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