Genotype × Environment effects on morphological and productive components of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.)

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.) is a crop with high market demands because of its well-known health benefits. Limited use of improved clones reduces the crop’s income potential. Plant breeding programs seek to selectgenotypes with good results in a variety of environments by evaluating the interaction effects of genotypes and environments. This study aimed to assess Clone × Growing season effects on morphological and productive parameters of sweet potato clones grown in the municipality of Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The following clones were evaluated: Brazlândia Rosada, BRS Amélia, Beauregard, BrazlândiaRoxa, and BRS Rubissol. A randomized block design with three replications was used to investigate root length, root diameter, mean root weight, total root number, number of marketable roots, total yield, and marketable yield. Data were subjected to one-way and two-way analysis of variance. Beauregard afforded the largest number of marketable roots and was stable in both growing seasons. Beauregard, Brazlândia Roxa, and Brazlândia Rosada differed in total number of roots between growing seasons. There were no significant differences between growing seasons in mean root weight; BRS Amélia afforded a higher mean root weight than Brazlândia Rosada. Beauregard did not differ in total or marketable yield between growing seasons and provided higher yields than the other clones. BRS Rubissol and Beauregard were found to be the most promising for sweet potato cultivation under the environmental conditions of Curitibanos.

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Effect of cutting position and vine pruning level on yield of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jaa.2019.v5.5255 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 01-05

Author(s):

Ncube Netsai ◽

Mutetwa Moses, Mtaita Tuarira

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Root Length ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Root Weight ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Significant Difference

There is significant variation in yield of storage roots and vines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) among farmers due to use of different cutting positions and pruning of vines at different levels. This study was carried out to establish the cutting position and the vine pruning level that give the best yield of both the storage roots and vines. The study was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included cutting position at three levels (apical cutting, middle cutting and basal cutting) and pruning at three levels, 0%, 25% and 50% respectively. Pruning was done. 50 days after planting. And storage root harvesting was done 100 days after planting. The two measurements were summed up to give the total vine weight. Storage root length, diameter and weight were measured at 100 DAP. Storage root length indicated significant difference (P<0.05) only among cutting positions with highest mean length (16.20 cm) obtained from apical cutting and the lowest (11.98 cm) from basal cutting. Storage root diameter, storage root weight and vine weight indicated significant interaction (P<0.05) of cutting position and vine pruning level. Highest mean root diameter and root weight were obtained from middle cutting and 25% vine pruning level, with the lowest being obtained from basal cutting and 50% vine pruning level. Highest vine weight was recorded from middle cutting and 50% vine pruning level, with the lowest being recorded from basal cutting and 0% vine pruning level. Both middle and apical stem cuttings can be recommended for higher storage root and vine yield. Vine pruning at 25% can be adopted for higher storage root yield while pruning at 50% can be suggested for higher vine yield.

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Effect of debranching on sweet potato yield and quality

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.10.p2026 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1712-1722

Author(s):

Albertir Aparecido dos Santos ◽

Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽

Cíntia Maria Teixeira Fialho ◽

Alcinei Místico de Azevedo ◽

Orlando Gonçalves Brito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Production ◽

Nutrient Quality ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

Green Mass Yield

The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of branch removal on the yield and quality of sweet potato genotypes in different harvesting systems and two growing seasons. Two trials (2014 and 2016/17) were conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates in the factorial scheme composed of: three clones (Brazlândia Rosada, BD-31 TO and BD-65) and five harvesting systems (H): H1- total harvest of branch and root at 120 days after planting (DAP); H2- cut of the branches at 120 DAP, plus regrown branches and roots harvested at 210 DAP; H3 - total harvest of branches and roots at 165 DAP; H4 - cut of the branches at 165 DAP and harvest of regrown branches and roots at 210 DAP and H5- branches and roots total harvest at 210 DAP. For harvesting systems H2 and H4 the total production of branches at the end of the cycle was determined by the sum of the two cuts. The yield, dry matter of shoot and root, chemical-bromatological and nutrient quality were evaluated. The 2014 trial produced higher green mass yield of the branches, while in 2016/2017, higher root yield observed. H2 and H4 were shown to have better quality of the branches regarding the bromatological and nutrient characteristics, being recommended for animal feeding. The systems without regrowth (H3 and H5) allowed better yields and quality of roots, useful for human feeding. In general, the clone Brazlândia Rosada, produced the highest yield of roots and branches; therefore, recommended for planting.

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Performance of ‘Galia’ melon grown under different soil cation ratios

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 3089-3106

Author(s):

Cristiane Alves de Paiva ◽

◽

José Francismar de Medeiros ◽

José Gustavo Lima de Almeida ◽

Edna Maria Mendes Aroucha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Nutrient Requirements ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Basic Cations ◽

Cation Ratios

The northeast region of Brazil stands out in the production and export of melon. In this region, where this crop is mostly grown, part of the soil is of limestone origin, as is the irrigation water used. Over successive cultivations, these conditions can lead to soil alkalinization due to the accumulation of basic cations of the exchange complex, such as Ca, Mg, K and Na, in soils that are already rich in bases, thus influencing nutrient availability and, consequently, crop yield. On this basis, this study was developed to identify the cation ratios (K:Mg:Ca) of the soil that best correlate with attributes indicative of ‘Gália’ melon production. Two experiments were carried out in two consecutive years (2017 and 2018), in a randomized-block design with five treatments and five replicates. Treatments consisted of the following cation ratios (K:Mg:Ca) for experiment I, whose soil had a K content of 0.40 cmolc dm-3: T1 (1:3:34), T2 (1:3:21), T3 (1:3:9), T4 (1:0.8:9) and T5 (1:11:34); and experiment II, where the soil had 0.56 cmolc dm-3 of K: T1 (1:1.6:29.8), T2 (1:1.4:13.3), T3 (1:1.4:8.5), T4 (1:0.5:8.5) and T5 (1:4.8:29.8). The following traits were evaluated: chemical analyses of the soil during the flowering phase and at the end of the cycle, nutrient concentration in the diagnostic leaf during the fruiting phase, total yield, marketable yield, average total weight, average marketable weight, total number of fruits and number of marketable fruits per plant. The cation ratios influenced the average total and marketable fruit weights only in experiment I, but not yield. Therefore, when associated with irrigation water from the Açu sandstone aquifer and fertigation, the high absolute K and medium to high Mg contents are sufficient to meet the K and Mg nutrient requirements, dispensing with correction of the cation ratio.

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Field behavior of potted seedlings of strawberry plants in different growing seasons

Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.9755/ejfa.2019.v31.i12.2042 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 910

Author(s):

Tais Barbosa Becker ◽

Michel Aldrighi Gonçalves ◽

Leticia Vanni Ferreira ◽

Luis Eduardo Correa Antunes

Keyword(s):

Initial Phase ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Growing Season ◽

Total Production ◽

Rainfall Distribution ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Field Behavior ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Full Flowering

Since dependence on seedling importation has been a hindrance to strawberry farmers, production of national plants has become an alternative solution. This study aimed at evaluating the field behavior of potted seedlings of strawberry plants in a low tunnel system in different early growing seasons in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Clima Temperado in 2015 and 2016 in a randomized block design, composed of a 4x3 factorial, four cultivars (Aromas, Camarosa, Festival and Oso Grande) and three growing seasons (March 16th, April 1st and April 16th). For all seasons, the cultivation was until November 30 in 2015 and October 31 in 2016. The following variables were determined: beginning and full blooming, beginning and length of harvest; number of fruits; mean fruit mass; and fresh mass per plant throughout early and total production. The cultivar Aromas presents lower flowering uniformity among plants (difference between beginning and full flowering) according to the two years of evaluation. Potted strawberry seedlings planted until early April 1st - Season 2 in Pelotas, RS, allow high early production, with production above 400 grams per plant. The cultivar Camarosa when planted on March 16 or April 1 had total yield per plant above 800 grams. All cultivars under study (Aromas, Camarosa, Festival and Oso Grande) have better plant development and higher total yield gains in years with higher temperature and lower rainfall in the initial phase and good rainfall distribution over the growing season. (2015) than in years with most frequent precipitation and lower temperature in the initial phase and poor rainfall distribution over the growing season (2016).

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Farmers’ Preference of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties Introduced to Improve Plant Productivity in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i930422 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-46

Author(s):

Yudi Widodo ◽

Ruly Krisdiana ◽

Nila Prasetiaswati ◽

Kartika Noerwijati ◽

Arief Harsono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Yield ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

The North ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

North Sumatra ◽

Cassava Varieties

A varietal testing had been undertaken in Pematangsiantar regency, North Sumatra province, Indonesia in 2015-2016. The objective of the study was to determine the preference of cassava growers to the introduced varieties compared to the existing cassava varieties. Twelve cassava varities (UB1/2, UB1472, Adira1, Malang4, Cecekijo, Farsem, Gajah, Ketan Jabung, Caspro, Malaysia, Adira4, and Cikaret) were tested using a Randomized Block Design with four replications. The data were taken on aboveground characters and underground characters such as root number, root diameter, root length, root weight, and starch content based on factory criteria (A = 22%, B = 18%, C = 14% and D = 10% starch content). Results of the study indicated that Malang-4 had the highest root yield (49,830 kg ha-1) followed by Farsem variety (41,690 kg ha-1), and Malaysia Local variety (41,030 kg ha-1). The bitter taste of Malang 4 was an appropriate character to be developed as starch processing of cassava. Starch content is very important indigenous criteria for farmers and traders to know fairly about pricing in relation with starch content. The higher starch content coincided with higher root yield of Malang-4 is very interesting and will benefit the factory. There was no difference in factory price of cassava from farmers, although the starch content indicated different levels (B =18%, C=14% or D =10%). The Malang-4 could be introduced to the local goverment for being grown in a larger areas in the North Sumatera province.

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Influence of harvest time and cultivation sites on the productivity and quality of sweet potato

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362014000100004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alcinei M Azevedo ◽

Valter C Andrade Júnior ◽

Daniel JS Viana ◽

Ahmed YAM Elsayed ◽

Carlos E Pedrosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Root Production ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Root Weight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The Mean

Sweet potato is one of the most cultivated tuberous roots in tropical and subtropical regions permitting several ways of use. Despite its potential use, sweet potato has been little studied. We evaluated the performance of sweet potato roots, forage productivity and its silage at different harvesting times and cultivation environments and we identified the most superior clones under different soil and climatic conditions. Six sweet potato clones (BD-38, BD-45, BD-25, BD-31TO, BD-15 and BD-08) belonging to germplasm bank of UFVJM in addition to two standard cultivars Brazlândia Rosada and Princesa were grown in two cultivation sites (JK campus and Forquilha farm). The trial was conducted in split plots in randomized block design with three harvest times (120, 150 and 180 days after planting). The mean root weight obtained from Forquilha farm was on average 30.2% higher than those obtained from JK campus. Regardless the site, harvesting at 150 days after planting was the optimal time for maximizing root production. The irregularity of root shape increased when the harvesting date was postpone, probably due to greater exposure to environmental factors. Crude protein, fibers, ash and starch, were not affected by local x cultivar interaction except for starch content that depended on the clone and site interaction.

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EARLY SPRING APPLICATION OF AMINOETHOXYVINILGLYCINE (AVG) INCREASES FRUIT SET AND YIELD OF ‘ROCHA’ PEARS

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017982 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MATEUS DA SILVEIRA PASA ◽

BRUNO CARRA ◽

CARINA PEREIRA DA SILVA ◽

MARLISE NARA CIOTTA ◽

ALBERTO FONTANELLA BRIGHENTI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Block Design ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Early Spring ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Return Bloom

ABSTRACT The low fruit set is one of the main factors leading to poor yield of pear orchards in Brazil. Ethylene is associated with abscission of flowers and fruitlets. Then, the application of ethylene synthesis inhibitors, such as AVG, is a potential tool to increase fruit set of pears. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of AVG, sprayed at different rates and timings, on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of ‘Rocha’ pear. The study was performed in a commercial orchard located in the municipality of São Joaquim, SC, during the growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of ‘Rocha’ pear trees grafted on quince rootstock ‘BA29’. AVG was tested at different rates (60 mg L-1 and 80 mg L-1) and timings [full bloom, one week after full bloom (WAFB), and two WAFB), either alone or in combination. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with at least five single-tree replications. The fruit set, number of fruit per tree, yield, estimated yield, fruit weight, return bloom, and fruit quality attributes were assessed. Fruit set and yield were consistently increased by single applications of AVG at 60 and 80 mg L-1 at both one and two weeks after full bloom, without negatively affecting fruit quality attributes and return bloom.

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Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03599-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 337-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salfina S. Mampa ◽

Martin M. Maboko ◽

Puffy Soundy ◽

Dharini Sivakumar

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Root Weight ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Root Yield ◽

N Application ◽

Leaf Yield ◽

Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

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Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Alami Pati Sagu terhadap Mutu Sensori Mi Basah dengan Substitusi Tepung Non Terigu (Mocaf, Tepung Ubi Jalar Kuning Terfermentasi, Tepung Kacang Hijau)

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v2i4.5487 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 464-470

Author(s):

Mulizani Mulizani ◽

Yanti Meldasari Lubis ◽

Normalina Arpi

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Block Design ◽

Sago Starch ◽

Potato Flour ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Starch Fermentation ◽

Bean Flour ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sweet Potato Flour

Abstrak. Pemanfaatan pangan lokal sagu dapat mengurangi konsumsi terigu dalam pembuatan mi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pembuatan mi basah dari pati sagu terfermentasi dan substitusi tepung (MOCAF, tepung ubi jalar fermentasi, dan tepung kacang hijau). Penelitian pembuatan mi basah menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama, lama fermentasi pati sagu yang terdiri atas tiga taraf yaitu FI= 7 hari, F2=14 hari, dan F3= 21 hari. Faktor ke dua adalah substitusi pati dengan tepung (80%:20%), dengan tiga taraf yaitu S1=pati sagu fermentasi:MOCAF, S2=pati sagu fermentasi:tepung ubi jalar kuning fermentasi, dan S3=pati sagu fermentasi:tepung kacang hijau. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah uji organoleptik secara deskriftif yaitu kelengketan, elastisitas,warna, aroma, dan overall mi basah. Pembuatan mi basah menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama fermentasi pati sagu F1(7 hari) menghasilkan nilai elastisitas mi basah yang lebih tinggi (lebih baik) (P≤0,05), dibandingkan mi basah dari pati sagu F2 (14 hari) dan F3 (21 hari), walaupun kelengketan, dan aroma asam mi basahnya rendah (kurang baik) (P≤0,05). Produk mi basah terbaik yaitu mi yang terbuat dari pati sagu yang difermentasi 7 hari (F1) dengan substitusi tepung ubi jalar fermentasi, kelengketan 2,05 (lengket), elastisitas 2,43 (tidak elastis), warna 2,30 (tidak cerah) aroma asam 2,80 (tidak asam), rasa asam 2,88 (tidak asam), overall 2,60 (baik).Effectts of Natural Sago Starch Fermentation Quality Sensory of Wet Noodles Made by Substituted no wheat Flour (Mocaf, Fermented Sweet Potato Flour, Mung Bean)Abstract. Utilization of local food sago can reduce the consumption of wheat in the manufacture of noodles. The purpose of this research was to study making wet noodles of fermented sago starch and the use of flour substitution (mocaf, fermented sweet potato flour, and mung bean flour) in the manufacture of wet noodles. A randomized block design with 2 factors was use in the manufacture of wet noodles. First factor is sago starch fermentation period consist of three levels ie FI = 7 days, F2 = 14 days, and F3 = 21 days. Second factor is the substitution of sago starch with flour (80%: 20%), there are three levels ie S1 = fermented sago starch : mocaf, S2 = fermented sago starch : fermented yellow sweet potato flour, and S3 = fermented sago starch: mung bean flour. Analysis of the sago starch and substituted flour include descriptive organoleptic tests stickiness, elasticity, color, flavor, and overall of wet noodles. Manufacture of wet noodles showed that sago starch fermentation time F1 resulted in higher (better) (P≤0,05) breaking test and elasticity wet noodles compared to wet noodles from sago starch F2 and F3, although the adhesiveness and the sour aroma of the wet noodles were low (worse) (P≤0,05). descriptive organoleptic values of stickiness 2.05 (sticky), elasticity 2.43 (inelastic), color 2,30 (not bright), sourness aroma 2.80 ( not sour), sourness taste 2.88 (not sour), overalls 2.60 (good).

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Seleção de genótipos de batata-doce quanto à eficiência ao uso do fósforo em solos da região de cerrado

Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity ◽

10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v4n4.silva ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 356-364

Author(s):

Luziano Lopes Da Silva ◽

Márcio Antônio Da Silveira ◽

Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis ◽

Rodrigo de Castro Tavares ◽

Valéria Gomes Momenté ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Block Design ◽

Tuberous Root ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Germplasm Bank ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The Family ◽

Selection Of

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (l.) Lam.) Lam) is a plant that produces tuberous root belonging to the family convolvulácea explored in practically all states of Brazil. The objective of this work was to select genotypes of the sweet potato as the efficiency of phosphorus use in cerrado soils with high and low availability of this nutrient. Were evaluated nine genotypes of sweet potato coming from the germplasm bank from the Federal University of the Tocantins, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized block design with three replications being nine genotypes grown in two environments with low and high phosphorus availability, using doses of phosphorus fertilization from 20 and 120 kg ha-1 P2O5, applied at planting. To select genotypes suitable for environments proposed was used methodology for selection of the efficient use and response to phosphorus fertilization (efficiency and response). Genotype Amanda was classified as efficient and responsive, Barbara, Julia, Marcela and Carolina Vitoria as efficient, but not responsive and Livia, Duda, Ana Clara and Beatriz were classified as non-efficient, responsive but the absorption and utilization of phosphorus.

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