Economic and legal instruments for the realization of foreigndirect investment in infrastructure sectors of the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Orshanska Marіana
Keyword(s):  
High Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fdi Attraction

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature, characteristics and keyproblems of the main types of economic and legal instruments for the realizationof foreign direct investment (FDI). the methodological basis of the study is asystematic approach to the processing and compilation of statistics and indicators,as well as methods for their comparison, analysis and synthesis and a method offorecasting decisions on the use of investment potential to increase the attractivenessand volume of FDI attraction. The scientific novelty of the research lies in theanalysis of greenfield and brownfield strategies as the main forms of FDIimplementation, the disclosure of the content and interpretation of data on thereal state of FDI attraction, the search for opportunities to improve the investmentclimate and effective mechanisms for attracting foreign investors. conclusions. Itis confirmed that the investment attractiveness and rating of the country in theinternational market are the main factors for attracting investors. Inaccessibleinfrastructure, inefficient judicial system, high level of corruption and imperfectlegislation are the main obstacles that need to be overcome in order to attractforeign investors’ funds, providing a full package of assistance and support ateach stage of the implementation of investment projects. Greenfield and brownfield(M&A) are the most effective forms of FDI in order to achieve high growth ratesof the domestic economy, improve the level of population well-being andinternationally enter Ukraine. An analysis of the statistics on the effectiveness ofinnovative enterprise development projects, the characteristics of economic andlegal instruments indicate the gradual improvement of the investment climate andthe promotion of FDI inflows into the region’s economy through the implementationof greenfield and brownfield strategies. Examples of effective implementation ofthese strategies in the creation of new enterprises, companies of foreignrepresentation, which are expanding their capacity and entering new domesticmarkets are given. Examples of the brownfield strategy have been analyzed torestart existing and high-quality structural and organizational changes in inefficiententerprises, which have given impetus to improving the economic environment,investment attractiveness of the economy of the region and the country as a whole.

Economic and legal instruments for the realization of foreign direct investment in infrastructure sectors of the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Orshanska Marіana
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fdi Attraction

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature, characteristics and keyproblems of the main types of economic and legal instruments for the realizationof foreign direct investment (FDI). the methodological basis of the study is asystematic approach to the processing and compilation of statistics and indicators,as well as methods for their comparison, analysis and synthesis and a method offorecasting decisions on the use of investment potential to increase the attractivenessand volume of FDI attraction. The scientific novelty of the research lies in theanalysis of greenfield and brownfield strategies as the main forms of FDIimplementation, the disclosure of the content and interpretation of data on thereal state of FDI attraction, the search for opportunities to improve the investmentclimate and effective mechanisms for attracting foreign investors. conclusions. Itis confirmed that the investment attractiveness and rating of the country in theinternational market are the main factors for attracting investors. Inaccessibleinfrastructure, inefficient judicial system, high level of corruption and imperfectlegislation are the main obstacles that need to be overcome in order to attractforeign investors’ funds, providing a full package of assistance and support ateach stage of the implementation of investment projects. Greenfield and brownfield(M&A) are the most effective forms of FDI in order to achieve high growth ratesof the domestic economy, improve the level of population well-being andinternationally enter Ukraine. An analysis of the statistics on the effectiveness ofinnovative enterprise development projects, the characteristics of economic andlegal instruments indicate the gradual improvement of the investment climate andthe promotion of FDI inflows into the region’s economy through the implementationof greenfield and brownfield strategies. Examples of effective implementation ofthese strategies in the creation of new enterprises, companies of foreignrepresentation, which are expanding their capacity and entering new domesticmarkets are given. Examples of the brownfield strategy have been analyzed torestart existing and high-quality structural and organizational changes in inefficiententerprises, which have given impetus to improving the economic environment,investment attractiveness of the economy of the region and the country as a whole.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of mergings and acquistions of Ukrainian companies by foreign companies

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Nataliia Bezrukova ◽  
Vitalii Svichkar ◽  
Vladislava Baltushenie
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
Merger And Acquisitions ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The article investigates the dynamics of merger and acquisition of Ukrainian companies abroad. The main consequences of merger and acquisitions for the Ukrainian companies are highlighted. It is proposed measures to improve content and distribution of M&A of Ukrainian companies. The result of the research is that the main problems are today inhibit the process of attracting M&A, are: political and legislative instability; the problem of providing reliable guarantees protection against changes in Ukrainian legislation; significant tax and administrative pressure; high level of corruption and bureaucracy; high inflation in the country and complicated registration process; licensing and customs procedures. The main ways solving problems of mergers and acquisitions should be: improving the investment climate by improving the general and special legislation that regulates the relationship in the investment, respectively to European norms; execution of investment projects on the principle of "single window"; introduction of the economic mechanism of insurance of foreign investment risks; provide government guarantees to investors and consolidate them at the legislative level. Further research should be conducted to form an effective investment, mergers policy that would contribute to attracting foreign investment in the country for extending Ukrainian market.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF EXPERIENCE OF PROJECT FINANCING OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
pp. 120-133
Author(s):  
Irina Aleksandrovna Trushina
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

The article describes specific features of project financing in the Russian Federation. It is stated that in Russia in recent years new investment projects have been launched, which are expected to be implemented using the project financing method, which indicates a favorable investment climate and the state's readiness to develop and improve this mechanism. Most of the projects are related to the industrial sector; in this regard, the analysis of projects and a synthesis of experience in the application of project financing have been conducted. Projects that were not always successful were analyzed, as well as an example of a project implemented with the assumption of design errors, in which the basic principles of project financing were not applied, but the result of its functioning turned out to be positive. According to the results of the analysis, the author grouped the general trends of project implementation, formulated the conditions that confirm the use of project financing, and identified key errors in the implementation of large-scale investment projects involving industrial enterprises. Priority sectors of the economy are defined, in which large-scale investment projects are most often developed and implemented (oil and gas extraction, processing and transportation). A review of Russian experience of project financing made it possible to understand the level of prevalence of this method and the effectiveness of its use, as well as to identify the main factors constraining and stimulating the use of project financing by industrial enterprises. Taking into account these factors will contribute to the formation of new directions and the development of methods for stimulating project financing for their successful use in the implementation of large-scale investment projects.

scholarly journals METAL ROLLING MARKET IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
POLIUHA Valentyna ◽  
DEMCHENKO Victoriya ◽  
DOSKOCH Olexandr
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Rolled Metal ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
High Level

Background. The production of rolled metal belongs to the field of metallurgy, the mainstay of the Ukrainian economy. Metal rolling is used both in metallurgy and in other industries like aircraft construction, mining, oil and refining. The aim is to characterize the volume of production, sales, imports and exports of rolled metal in Ukraine; comparison of average prices for the investigated product in Ukraine according to trading companies. Materials and methods. The work uses general and special methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, scientific generalization and comparison of data from scientific sources, as well as open sources of statistical information. Results. In the period from 2015 to 2019, there was a generally positive trend of increasing the volume of rolled metal production in Ukraine, with the exception of some types of rolled metal. During 2015–2019 it should be noted the increase in production of rods and bars almost 2 times; pipes – by 30.4 %; corners, shaped and special profiles – more than 4 times; profiled sheets – by 33.3 %; multilayer panels – by 36.8 %; wire – only 13 %. During 2015–2019 there is a decline in production of some types of rolled metal: profile – by 32.8 %; products for railway and tram tracks – almost 2 times; fittings for pipes – by 34.7 %. The largest amount of rolled metal in Ukraine in 2019 was produced by Arcelor­Mittal Kryvyi Rih – 4.7 million tons. In 2019 the largest share of rolled metal produced by Metinvest Holding LLC was produced by Zaporizhstal (3.5 million tons) and Ilyich Mariupol MK (2.6 million tons). A fairly wide range of rolled metal products is sold on the Ukrainian market. Sales of rolled metal products in Ukraine during 2015–2019 increased by 14 %. Volumes of rolled metal exports during 2015–2019 significantly exceeded imports. This trend is natural, because on the territory of Ukraine there are quite powerful producers of rolled metal, which are able to compete at a high level with foreign ones. Conclusion. During 2015–2019, there is a tendency to reduce production volu­mes and increase sales of rolled metal. Exports significantly exceed the volumes of rolled metal imports. In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, rolled metal producers need to opti­mize their activities by modernizing production and implementing investment projects in their activities to increase their competitiveness.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF ODESSA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Shiryaeva ◽  
◽  
Yuliia Komarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Level

The Odessa region has great opportunities for investment development of the region. A considerable number of operating enterprises, the status of one of the largest tourist centers of the country and more than 1 million people provide a high internal demand for goods and services, as well as creates a good basis for further development of the production sector and transport industry. Active actions to attract local and foreign investments, as well as the policy of maximum transparency in relation to business on the part of local authorities, have a positive impact on the investment climate in the region, on the economic, human and social potential of the region. The article is devoted to the actual problem of increasing the investment attractiveness of the region. On the basis of the conducted researches the factors, which increase the investment attractiveness of the region, are singled out, and a number of measures, which help to increase the inflow of investments into the economy of Odessa region, are offered.In recent years, the upgrade of the region's investment attractiveness rating has been due to the long-term growth of certain indicators of the region's social and economic development. The labor market is characterized by a high level of attraction of the population to the economic complex. According to the results of 2018, regional budget revenues increased by 15,6 % to 10,7 billion UAH. The level of fiscal capacity continues to exceed the average for the country and in 2018 amounted to 7,1 thousand UAH. − All this provides favorable conditions for attracting investments, in particular foreign ones.The Odessa Regional Council is constantly taking measures to improve the investment climate, improve the quality of the region's management and provide administrative services.For further attraction of investments into Odessa region it is necessary:- facilitate preparation for implementation of pilot investment projects based on public and private partnership and introduce experience in implementation of pilot investment projects in different regions of the Odessa Oblast;- improve the financial solvency of the region's population;- remove barriers to foreign investment attraction;- create and implement a mechanism for sharing experience in investment attraction with other regions of Ukraine and countries around the world;- conduct master classes, trainings for the participants of investment projects in order to activate their activities; actively use the Internet resource and social networks to display information directly related to attracting investments; attract mass media representatives to the development of investment activities.

Materialistic Orientation and Psyhological Well Being in Adolescents from 11th-12th Grade

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Vera Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Extrinsic Goals ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Community Contribution ◽  
High Level ◽  
11Th Grade ◽  
Intrinsic Aspirations

The aim of the current study is to look for theoretically and empirically grounded proof for the correlation between aspirations – extrinsic and intrinsic- determining the motivation – and the psychological wellbeing of adolescents in 11th grade. Materialistic orientation is expressed in the preferences of extrinsic goals such as fame, wealth and image, while the intrinsic aspirations are related to preferences of aspirations for personal growth, personal relationships and community contribution. High level of psychological wellbeing is measured through the six elements from K. Ryff’s definition: self-acceptance, positive interaction with others, autonomy, managing of environment, meaning and personal growth. The research includes a group of 50 students in two Bulgarian high schools.

Strategic threats to energy security as risks of quality of people's life

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-744
Author(s):  
V.I. Loktionov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Economic Well Being ◽  
The Way

Subject. The article reviews the way strategic threats to energy security influence the quality of people's life. Objectives. The study unfolds the theory of analyzing strategic threats to energy security by covering the matter of quality of people's life. Methods. To analyze the way strategic threats to energy security spread across cross-sectoral commodity and production chains and influences quality of people's living, I applied the factor analysis and general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. I suggest interpreting strategic threats to energy security as risks of people's quality of life due to a reduction in the volume of energy supply. I identified mechanisms reflecting how the fuel and energy complex and its development influence the quality of people's life. The article sets out the method to assess such quality-of-life risks arising from strategic threats to energy security. Conclusions and Relevance. In the current geopolitical situation, strategic threats to energy security cause long-standing adverse consequences for the quality of people's life. If strategic threats to energy security are further construed as risk of quality of people's life, this will facilitate the preparation and performance of a more effective governmental policy on energy, which will subsequently raise the economic well-being of people.

Tax incentives of China’s investments in Zabaykalsky Krai: implementation of behavioral economic models

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Irina Vitalevna Mezentseva
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Tax Incentive ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Subjective Aspect ◽  
Investment Process

Currently, the Russian regions apply a vast array of tools for regulating the investment process, including tax incentives. Active use of tax preferences is dictated by the fact that in the conditions of regional budget deficit, tax incentives, unlike subsidies, do not require direct budget expenditures for stimulating investment activity. However, the world experience demonstrates that tax incentives do not fall under the group of factors that strongly affect investment decisions. For determining the degree of preference of tax incentives in relation to other measures of regional support, a survey was carried among Chinese investors, who implement investment projects on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai. The survey was based on a method of hierarchical analysis based on the special matrices by filed in by the investors. The acquired results displayed that out of ten measures of state support, tax incentives hold the eighth place. The calculated coefficient of the significance of tax incentives testifies to the low attractiveness of fiscal stimuli for the Chinese investors. The authora attempted to find the reasons for tax incentive not being in demand. The scientific novelty of this work consists in conducting the analysis of regional legislation that regulates the order of granting investment tax incentives based on the concept of behavioral economics. In the course of application of the provisions of behavioral economics, emphasis was made on the subjective aspect of the mechanism of preferential taxation. The reasonableness of considering such peculiarities of human mind as cognitive inertia and relativity is substantiated with regards to arranging the structure of tax incentives that would allow increasing the importance of tax incentives in formation of investment climate on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai. The authors make recommendations on increasing the attractiveness of tax incentives among Chinese investors based on the concept of reference point and the effect of loss aversion.

GEOGRAPHY OF FREE ECONOMIC ZONES:WORLD EXPERIENCE AND UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Shaxzod Ibragimov ◽  
◽  
Quvonchbek Sag`dullayev ◽  
Bibisora Sadibekova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Free Economic Zone ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Economic Zones

This article describes geographical foundations of free economic zones. Each free economic zone has a unique economic geographical location, natural conditions and resources. These factors play an important role in the development of free economic zones. Various forms of free economic zones in world countries, territorial investment conditions, their level favorableness and investment climate, maintaining foreign economic relations, as well as the development of investment projects are determined by the geographical indicators of free economic zones

scholarly journals Low dose oral ketamine treatment in chronic suicidality: An open-label pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem T. Can ◽  
Daniel F. Hermens ◽  
Megan Dutton ◽  
Cyrana C. Gallay ◽  
Emma Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Oral Ketamine ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chronic Suicidality

AbstractRecently, low-dose ketamine has been proposed as a rapid-acting treatment option for suicidality. The majority of studies to date have utilised intravenous (IV) ketamine, however, this route of administration has limitations. On the other hand, oral ketamine can be administered in a range of settings, which is important in treating suicidality, although studies as to safety and feasibility are lacking. n = 32 adults (aged 22–72 years; 53% female) with chronic suicidal thoughts participated in the Oral Ketamine Trial on Suicidality (OKTOS), an open-label trial of sub-anaesthetic doses of oral ketamine over 6 weeks. Participants commenced with 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine, which was titrated to a maximum 3.0 mg/kg. Follow-up assessments occurred at 4 weeks after the final dose. The primary outcome measure was the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS) and secondary measures included scales for suicidality and depressive symptoms, and measures of functioning and well-being. Mean BSS scores significantly reduced from a high level of suicidal ideation at the pre-ketamine (week 0) timepoint to below the clinical threshold at the post-ketamine (week 6) timepoint. The proportion of participants that achieved clinical improvement within the first 6 weeks was 69%, whereas 50% achieved a significant improvement by the follow-up (week 10) timepoint. Six weeks of oral ketamine treatment in participants with chronic suicidality led to significant reduction in suicidal ideation. The response observed in this study is consistent with IV ketamine trials, suggesting that oral administration is a feasible and tolerable alternative treatment for chronic suicidality.

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