scholarly journals PREVENTION AND DETOXIFICATION OF MYCOTOXINS IN FEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-107
Author(s):  
Valentina Kosolapova ◽  
Mohaimen Khalifa ◽  
Olga Mokrushina
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Before And After

Through a comprehensive review of published reports on mycotoxin removal strategies, this work aims to update the understanding of the removal of mycotoxins present in the feed. Mycotoxins in feed: from prevention in the field to detoxification by adsorption or transformation. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites present worldwide in agricultural products and produced by fungi that cause a toxic response (mycotoxicosis) when ingested by animals. Prevention of mycotoxicosis includes strategies before and after harvesting. The best way to reduce the content of mycotoxins in the feed is to prevent the formation of mycotoxins, but it is often not enough, so other methods are needed. The most common approach in the feed industry is the inclusion of sorbing materials in the feed, which provides more or less selective removal of toxins by adsorption during passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Another reliable approach is the addition of enzymes or microorganisms that can remove toxins from some mycotoxins.

The phytochemistry and pharmacology of medicinal fungi of the genus Phellinus: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingya He ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Medicinal Fungi

A comprehensive review on secondary metabolites with bioactivities from 13 Phellinus species.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products: Current status, challenges, and future trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 536-551
Author(s):  
Jia-Wei Han ◽  
Min Zuo ◽  
Wen-Ying Zhu ◽  
Jin-Hua Zuo ◽  
En-Li Lü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals Sephadex® LH-20, Isolation, and Purification of Flavonoids from Plant Species: A Comprehensive Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4146
Author(s):  
Javad Mottaghipisheh ◽  
Marcello Iriti
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Pure Methanol

Flavonoids are considered one of the most diverse phenolic compounds possessing several valuable health benefits. The present study aimed at gathering all correlated reports, in which Sephadex® LH-20 (SLH) has been utilized as the final step to isolate or purify of flavonoid derivatives among all plant families. Overall, 189 flavonoids have been documented, while the majority were identified from the Asteraceae, Moraceae, and Poaceae families. Application of SLH has led to isolate 79 flavonols, 63 flavones, and 18 flavanones. Homoisoflavanoids, and proanthocyanidins have only been isolated from the Asparagaceae and Lauraceae families, respectively, while the Asteraceae was the richest in flavones possessing 22 derivatives. Six flavones, four flavonols, three homoisoflavonoids, one flavanone, a flavanol, and an isoflavanol have been isolated as the new secondary metabolites. This technique has been able to isolate quercetin from 19 plant species, along with its 31 derivatives. Pure methanol and in combination with water, chloroform, and dichloromethane have generally been used as eluents. This comprehensive review provides significant information regarding to remarkably use of SLH in isolation and purification of flavonoids from all the plant families; thus, it might be considered an appreciable guideline for further phytochemical investigation of these compounds.

scholarly journals Schwannomas of Gastrointestinal Tract; a comprehensive review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BM Yashodhara ◽  
Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe ◽  
Uduman Ali Mohamed Yousuf ◽  
Jaswant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Infectious Granulomatous Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Shivantha Amarnath ◽  
Liliane Deeb ◽  
Jobin Philipose ◽  
Xiaomin Zheng ◽  
Vivek Gumaste
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Granulomatous Diseases ◽  
Granulomatous Disorders

A granuloma is defined as a localized inflammatory reaction or a hypersensitive response to a nondegradable product leading to an organized collection of epithelioid histiocytes. Etiologies of granulomatous disorders can be divided into two broad categories: infectious and noninfectious (autoimmune conditions, toxins, etc.) causes. The endless list of causalities may prove challenging for gastroenterologists and pathologists to formulate a list of clearly defined differentials. This is true when distinguishing these etiologies based on various clinical presentations and endoscopic and histological findings. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of some of the frequent and rare infectious granulomatous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract documented in the literature to date. We provide an overview of each infectious pathology with an emphasis on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and endoscopic and histologic findings, in addition to treatment.

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION OF THE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT BEFORE AND AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY A. ALEXANDER ◽  
RAFAEL E. CUELLAR ◽  
ROBERT J. FADDEN ◽  
JOSEPH J. GENOVESE ◽  
JUDITH S. GAVALER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Biological Strategies To Counteract the Effects of Mycotoxins

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 2006-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
BULENT KABAK ◽  
ALAN D. W. DOBSON
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that if ingested can cause a variety of adverse effects on both humans and animals, ranging from allergic responses to death. Therefore, exposure to mycotoxins should be minimized. A variety of physical, chemical, and biological methods have been developed for decontamination and/or detoxification of mycotoxins from contaminated foods and feeds. This overview details the latest developments in the biological control of both fungal infection and mycotoxin formation and describes the detoxification of many of the most important mycotoxins by microorganisms. This review also addresses the potential for use of microorganisms as mycotoxin binders in the gastrointestinal tract of both humans and animals, thereby reducing the potential deleterious effects of exposure to these toxins.

In Reply: Cerebral Blood Flow

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1014
Author(s):  
RAUL BEJAR
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regional Blood Flows ◽  
Left Ventricular Output ◽  
Patent Ductus

Baylen and Emmanouilides give the impression that their abstract was misquoted in our commentary. We would like to explain our interpretation of their data. In the abstract, Baylen et al indicate that they measured regional blood flows (RBF) in premature fetal lambs, expressing them as a percentage of the left ventricular output (LVO) before and after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure. Their results (percent of LVO) before and after PDA closure were: lung, 42.7% vs 8.4% (P < .01); carcass, 35% vs 55% (P < .01); heart, 5.5% vs 10.2% (P < .05); gastrointestinal tract, 5.1% vs 9.3% (P < .05); brain, 2.7% vs 3.4% (P = NS); kidney, 2.2% vs 3.3% (P = NS); liver, 3.2% vs 5.7% (P = NS).

TRADE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN US, CANADA AND MEXICO IN THE CONTEXT OF NAFTA AND USMCA AGREEMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 583-614
Author(s):  
Nadiia KRYVENKO
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Regional Trade Agreements ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Usa

The development of the USA, Canada and Mexico is studied taking into account the signing of the new USMCA Agreement, and some differences from the previous NAFTA are presented in accordance with modern challenges. The foreign trade of the association and its separate member states is analysed, their shares in the general trade are determined, and basic indicators of international trade are calculated. The main directions of trade flows and the importance of partner countries with regards to each other are identified. Exports are analysed taking into account the periods before and after the conclusion of the Agreement, while changes of intra-regional trade between the partner countries are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of foreign trade in agricultural products. Its share in total trade in goods is defined, the basic indicators are analysed, features concerning directions are determined. Trade trends taking into account North-South integration are considered, and the corresponding features are revealed. The importance of the agricultural sector in the new USMCA Agreement is presented as a result of the consideration of trade policy for agricultural products. It is proposed to take into account certain provisions of USMCA when concluding regional trade agreements of Ukraine in the future, as well as the possible impact on trade with Ukraine.

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