scholarly journals The Effect of Compensatory Growth on Carcass Characteristics of Male Turkeys

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1743-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA Y. HESTER ◽  
K.K. KRUEGER ◽  
MARK JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics

Protein supplements for corn-silage diets and their effect on subsequent growth and carcass characteristics in beef cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. J. Horton ◽  
W. D. Pitman ◽  
F. M. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Low Protein

Ninety-six Brahman crossbred steers (187 ± 3.9 kg) were used to evaluate protein supplements in corn-silage growing diets for 140 d. The following treatments were used: 1, control (7.9% crude protein (CP)); 2, urea (10.3% CP); 3, dehydrated alfalfa (10.0% CP); or 4, soybean meal (SBM) (10.6% CP). Steers were then fed a common finishing diet (80% corn) with 13.4% CP for 120 d. Steers fed the control diet had lower levels of plasma-urea nitrogen, consumed less feed, gained less weight and utilized feed less efficiently than those fed supplemented diets (P < 0.05). Steers fed SBM gained weight faster than those fed urea (P < 0.05), though feed/gain ratios were similar. Although control steers exhibited compensatory growth during the 120-d finishing period, re-alimentation was not complete, and their overall gain was lowest at the end of the 260-d study (P < 0.05). Cattle fed the low-protein growing diet also had lighter carcasses, smaller loin eye area and less backfat and marbling than steers fed protein supplements (P < 0.05). Carcass characteristics were similar for the three protein supplements. These results demonstrate that urea equalled SBM and dehydrated alfalfa as a protein source in a corn-silage growing diet as measured by overall performance and carcass characteristics at the end of 120 d re-alimentation on a finishing diet. However, the negative effects of protein deprivation during the 140-d growing period were not completely overcome after a 120-d finishing period. Key words: Compensatory growth, protein supplements, carcass, beef cattle

scholarly journals Effect of frame score on performance and carcass characteristics of steers finished in the feedlot or backgrounded for various time on pasture and finished in the feedlot

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-435
Author(s):  
H. Koknaroglu ◽  
M. P. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Lower Frame ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Feeding Systems

Abstract. A two-year data of three-year study integrating pasture and drylot feeding systems was used to examine effect of frame score on performance and carcass characteristics of steers. Each year, 84 fall-born and 28 spring-born calves of similar genotypes were used. Fall-born and spring-born calves were started on test in May and October, respectively. Treatments were: 1) fall-born calves directly into feedlot; 2 and 3) fall-born calves put on pasture with or without an ionophore and moved to the feedlot at the end of July; 4 and 5) fall-born calves put on pasture with or without an ionophore and moved to the feedlot at the end of October; 6 and 7) spring-born calves put on pasture with or without an ionophore and moved to the feedlot at the end of October. Frame scores were determined by taking steers’ age and live weight into consideration. Cattle that grazed the same duration on pasture were regarded as the same treatment regardless of whether they received an ionophore or not. In the feedlot, steers were provided an 82 % concentrate diet containing whole-shelled corn, ground alfalfa hay, and a protein, vitamin and mineral supplement containing ionophore and molasses. Pens of cattle were harvested at approximately 522 kg. Cattle having a higher frame score at the entry to pasture and grazed until July and October tended to have higher and lower daily gain on pasture than those having lower frame score, respectively (P>0.05). Fall-born and spring-born cattle grazed until October, which had higher frame scores at the entry to pasture tended to have higher daily gain in the feedlot showing a compensatory growth. In the feedlot, within each treatment cattle having higher frame score tended to have higher daily gain (P>0.05) and had higher dry matter intake (P<0.05). Cattle spending longer time in the feedlot have better carcass quality and higher yield grades. Results showed that cattle with higher frame scores had higher growth potentials in the feedlot and if the grazing season is extended then daily gain of cattle having higher frame score decreases.

FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION OF CULL COWS OF DIFFERENT AGES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. GRAHAM ◽  
M. A. PRICE
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Two Age Groups

Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of age on the feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of cull range cows. In the first experiment, 87 cull cows of three breed-types (Hereford, Beef Composite and Dairy Composite) and three age groups (young, intermediate and mature) were fed a grain diet for 0, 8 or 16 wk. Rate of gain was higher (P < 0.01) in the first than in the second 8 wk (1.80 vs. 1.13 kg−1∙head−1∙day−1). This was accompanied by an increase (P < 0.01) in feed:gain ratio (6.9 vs. 12.8). There were no significant differences among breeds or age groups in feedlot performance or carcass characteristics. Carcass weight increased with age (P < 0.01) and length (P < 0.01). When adjusted to a common carcass length, mature cows had smaller rib eye areas than the other cows. In the second experiment, 37 cull range cows of predominantly Angus breeding, and representing two age groups (young and mature) were used. Twenty-nine of these cows were fed a grain diet ad libitum for 8 wk before slaughter. Young cows gained 1.61 kg∙head−1∙day−1 compared with 1.29 kg∙head−1∙day−1 for the mature cows. The initial level of body fat had no apparent effect on subsequent feedlot performance. The 9th- 10th- 11th rib joints of the younger cows contained less bone (P < 0.01), and had higher muscle:bone ratios (P < 0.01) than those from the mature cows. Key words: Cull cows, feedlot performance, compensatory growth, carcass composition

scholarly journals Implications of early-life indicators for survival rate, subsequent growth performance, and carcass characteristics of commercial pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 3313-3325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikai K Zeng ◽  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Jenelle R Dunkelberger ◽  
John M Eggert ◽  
Roos Vogelzang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Segmented Regression ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Linear Effect

Abstract As a result of genetic selection for increased litter size, modern, highly prolific sows often produce large litters with an increased percentage of light birth weight (BiW) piglets compared with less prolific females. However, there is limited information elucidating what proportion of light BiW piglets that express compensatory growth and how these pigs might be identified at a young age. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of birth weight and early phase growth on preweaning mortality, subsequent growth performance, and carcass characteristics of pigs. Individual records collected on 7,654 commercial crossbred pigs were used for analyses. A segmented regression model was used to analyze the effect of birth weight on preweaning survival and a series of mixed models were used to analyze the effect of birth weight (n = 7,654) group on weights recorded at: weaning (n = 6,777), nursery exit (n = 4,805), and finishing exit (n = 1,417); hot carcass weight (HCW), and lean percentage (n = 4,572). The effect of growth rate group was defined during suckling (< 225 or ≥ 225 g/d) or the nursery phase (< 424 or ≥ 424 g/d). Preweaning mortality, growth rate, BW, and carcass traits were adjusted to a standard age, and ADG and lean percentage were calculated. Results of segmented regression analysis showed that the slope of preweaning mortality on birth weights below 0.99 kg differed (P < 0.05) from the slope of preweaning mortality regressed on birth weights above 0.99 kg. The mixed model analyses showed a positive linear effect (P < 0.05) of BiW and quadratic effect (P < 0.05) of sow parity on age-adjusted finishing weight (FiW), HCW, and lean percentage. The positive influences of increasing BiW were greater (P < 0.05) in age-adjusted FiW and HCW for pigs with slow suckling growth rate compared with those with fast suckling growth rate. Pigs with fast nursery growth rate had greater (P < 0.05) age-adjusted FiW and HCW compared with the slow growing nursery contemporaries. In conclusion, piglets born weighing less than 1 kg were at a higher risk of preweaning mortality than piglets born weighing 1 kg or greater. Light BiW pigs, but not heavy BiW pigs, may lose compensatory growth capability if growth rate during the suckling phase is below the average level.

Effect of plane of nutrition in early life on subsequent live-weight gain, carcass and muscle charaterists and eating quality of meat in cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. L. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Joint Distribution ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Apparent Effect

SUMMARYSteer calves, underfed either from birth to 16 weeks of age, or from 16 to 32 weeks of age, recovered well on refeeding, but only the latter expressed compensatory growth.Carcass characteristics (dressing percentage, carcass length, depth of muscle and fat at the tenth rib, yield and joint distribution of saleable meat, proportions of muscle, fat and bone) of steers underfed in early life were remarkably similar to those of continually grown steers when slaughtered at the same live weight, despite their greater age.Plane of nutrition in early life had no apparent effect on the ultimate eating quality of meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) or on its connective tissue and fat content.

scholarly journals Phase-feeding strategies based on lysine specifications for grow-finish pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana B Menegat ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Multi Phase

Abstract Four experiments were conducted using 1,100 to 1,188 pigs each (PIC 359 × 1,050) from ~27 to 127 kg BW to evaluate phase-feeding strategies based on Lys specifications and number of dietary phases for grow-finish pigs. Different phase-feeding strategies were used in each experiment with treatments consisting of a combination of 3 Lys specifications at 96%, 98%, or 100% of estimated requirement for growth rate and 4 phase-feeding strategies with 1, 2, 3, or 4 dietary phases. A single-phase-feeding strategy reduced (P &lt; 0.05) overall growth performance, live BW, and HCW whether Lys specifications were at 98% or 100% of estimated requirements compared with multi-phase-feeding strategies. Lysine specifications at 96% of estimated requirements in a 4-phase-feeding strategy reduced (P &lt; 0.05) overall growth performance compared with feeding strategies with Lys at 100% of estimated requirements, unless Lys specifications were increased to 100% of estimated requirements in the late finishing phase. Lysine specifications at 98% or 100% of estimated requirements in a 2-, 3- or 4-phase feeding strategy led to similar (P &lt; 0.05) overall growth rate, live BW, and HCW of grow-finish pigs. Pigs fed 1, 2, or 3-phase feeding strategies or feeding strategies with Lys below the requirements in early grow finish had improved growth performance driven by improved feed efficiency in the period following low Lys levels, indicating the occurrence of compensatory growth. For carcass characteristics, there was no evidence (P &gt; 0.10) for differences in carcass yield, back fat, loin depth, or lean percentage across feeding strategies in any of the experiments. In conclusion, phase-feeding strategies provide performance advantages over feeding a single dietary phase throughout the grow-finish period. Simplification of feeding strategies from 4 to 3 or 2 dietary phases with Lys specifications at 98% to 100% of estimated requirements for growth rate does not compromise overall growth performance and carcass characteristics of grow-finish pigs from 27 to 127 kg BW. Although, using feeding programs with fewer dietary phases and Lys set slightly below the requirements can compromise growth performance if initial BW and feed intake in the grow-finish period are lower than expected.

Effect of a compensatory growth feeding regime on performance and gross carcass characteristics in growing / finishing pigs

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 125-125
Author(s):  
C Chaosap ◽  
T Parr ◽  
J Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Difference

Compensatory (or ‘catch-up’) growth is an accelerated rate of weight gain in animals allowed ad libitum access to feed after a period of restricted feeding such that these animals reach the weight of those control animals fully fed (Critser et al., 1995). There are conflicting reports on the ability of pigs previously fed on a restricted basis to compensate completely in terms of performance and gross carcass characteristics once re-fed. The compensatory growth index (CDI) is calculated as the ratio of the difference between weight variation at the end of restricted and compensatory growth periods, respectively, relative to the variation at the end of the restricted growth period alone (Hornick et al., 2000) thereby indicating whether the animals have been able to compensate during the period of suggested catch up growth. The hypotheses of the trial reported were that animals re-fed following feed restriction would achieve the liveweights and gross carcass composition of a parallel control group fed ad libitum throughout.

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