scholarly journals Ergonomic Risk Reduction Method in Aerospace Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1565-1577
Author(s):  
Shigeshi Yamashita ◽  
Kodo Ito
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Aerospace Manufacturing ◽  
Working Processes ◽  
Ergonomic Risk

In the aerospace manufacturing, lots of processes cannot be automated and are performed manually by skilled workers. Because there exist some human error mistakes in such manual working processes, root cause investigations of these mistakes are indispensable and measures are implemented in working processes for preventing repetition of the same mistakes. Although skilled workers have strong confidence that they can complete their work with no mistake, there exist some cases that they cannot recognize their mistakes in practice. In such cases, root cause investigations cannot be performed and no measure is implemented. Such situation may become a serious risk in aerospace manufacturing because a tiny mistake can cause the serious mission failure of aviation system. To reduce such situation, the ergonomic risk reduction method is proposed. Skilled workers try to avoid frustration in performing their tasks and make mistakes through careless behavior. The cause of the frustration is discovered by ergonomic risk reduction method. Work risks can be removed by the progress of the working environment. Such risk reduction method contributes manufacturing organization resiliency. In this paper, we propose an ergonomic human error risk reduction method for skilled workers in Japanese domestic liquid rocket engine manufacturing.

scholarly journals An Approach to Analyze Diagnosis Errors in Advanced Main Control Room Operations Using the Cause-Based Decision Tree Method

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3832
Author(s):  
Awwal Mohammed Arigi ◽  
Gayoung Park ◽  
Jonghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Control Rooms ◽  
Diagnosis Errors

Advancements in the nuclear industry have led to the development of fully digitized main control rooms (MCRs)—often termed advanced MCRs—for newly built nuclear power plants (NPPs). Diagnosis is a major part of the cognitive activity in NPP MCRs. Advanced MCRs are expected to improve the working environment and reduce human error, especially during the diagnosis of unexpected scenarios. However, with the introduction of new types of tasks and errors by digital MCRs, a new method to analyze the diagnosis errors in these new types of MCRs is required. Task analysis for operator diagnosis in an advanced MCR based on emergency operation was performed to determine the error modes. The cause-based decision tree (CBDT) method—originally developed for analog control rooms—was then revised to a modified CBDT (MCBDT) based on the error mode categorizations. This work examines the possible adoption of the MCBDT method for the evaluation of diagnosis errors in advanced MCRs. We have also provided examples of the application of the proposed method to some common human failure events in emergency operations. The results show that with some modifications of the CBDT method, the human reliability in advanced MCRs can be reasonably estimated.

A Comparison of Rule-Based and Machine Learning Models for Classification of Human Factors Aviation Safety Event Reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Katherine Darveau ◽  
Daniel Hannon ◽  
Chad Foster
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Safety Event

There is growing interest in the study and practice of applying data science (DS) and machine learning (ML) to automate decision making in safety-critical industries. As an alternative or augmentation to human review, there are opportunities to explore these methods for classifying aviation operational events by root cause. This study seeks to apply a thoughtful approach to design, compare, and combine rule-based and ML techniques to classify events caused by human error in aircraft/engine assembly, maintenance or operation. Event reports contain a combination of continuous parameters, unstructured text entries, and categorical selections. A Human Factors approach to classifier development prioritizes the evaluation of distinct data features and entry methods to improve modeling. Findings, including the performance of tested models, led to recommendations for the design of textual data collection systems and classification approaches.

Failure Investigation on Rusty Mesh Strainer of Petrochemical Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin ◽  
Mohd Harun ◽  
Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh ◽  
Hafizal Yazid ◽  
Mohd Noor Mazlee
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Failure Investigation ◽  
Error Factor ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Filter Mesh

The wire material of filter mesh is made of 304 grade stainless steel. The failure to run properly was due to the impact of burst and torn. The client also expects that the failure was due to corrosion problems. A visual inspection on the strainer mesh was found covered by brownish rust layers and some scratches at the damaged area. The rusty wire mesh that was washed with pickling acid showed a clean and smooth surface. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) examination of the rusty wire mesh surface indicated that it was only normal oxide precipitates. Thus, it's proven that there were no signs of severe corrosion attack on the failed sample. SEM micrographs showed the unidirectional scratch effects exist in the damaged area. The fractography study was found there was a typical ductile structure on the fracture surface of the wire. It is proven that the wire mesh was actually still in good condition and has not experienced any embrittlement problems as if it exposed to any corrosive environment. The root cause of the failure is shown by the effect of scratches in which it is usually caused by a mechanical forceful push by a hard object or in other words, it is caused by human error factor.

Based on Human Behavior Process of Human Error Defensive Management Research for NPP

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Yang ◽  
Geng Bo ◽  
Li Dan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Error Management ◽  
Root Cause

According to the research of nuclear power plant human error management, it is found that the traditional human error management are mainly based on the result of human behavior, the event as the point cut of management, there are some drawbacks. In this paper, based on the concept of the human performance management, establish the defensive human error management model, the innovation point is human behavior as the point cut, to reduce the human errors and accomplish a nip in the bud. Based on the model, on the one hand, combined with observation and coach card, to strengthen the human behavior standards expected while acquiring structured behavior data from the nuclear power plant production process; on the other hand, combined with root cause analysis method, obtained structured behavior data from the human factor event, thus forming a human behavior database that show the human performance state picture. According to the data of human behavior, by taking quantitative trending analysis method, the P control chart of observation item and the C control chart of human factor event is set up by Shewhart control chart, to achieve real-time monitoring of the process and result of behavior. At the same time, development Key Performance Indicators timely detection of the worsening trend of human behavior and organizational management. For the human behavior deviation and management issues, carry out the root cause analysis, to take appropriate corrective action or management improvement measures, so as to realize the defense of human error, reduce human factor event probability and improve the performance level of nuclear power plant.

scholarly journals Faktor Penyebab Kelelahan dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Personel Air Traffic Controller (ATC) di Bandar Udara “X”

WARTA ARDHIA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Susanti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers

Sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan keselamatan penerbangan khususnya di bandar udara, maka perlu dilakukan kajian tentang fatigue dan Job Stress ATC yang memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga keselamatan khususnya penanganan terhadap pesawat. Maksud kajian adalah untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana peran kelelahan dan stres kerja ATC dapat diantisipasi untuk mencegah faktor human error. Tujuan kajian ini adalah memberikan bahan masukan kepada penyelenggara jasa angkutan udara dan instansi terkait untuk mencegah fatigue dan job stress dengan melakukan upaya-upaya yang maksimal. Hasil kajian ini mengindikasikan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi stres kerja, yang paling besar memberikan pengaruh adalah faktor beban kerja (workload) yang memberikan kontribusi sebesar 3.24, kemudian disusul oleh hubungan kerja (human relationship) sebesar 2.53, lingkungan kerja (working environment) sebesar 2.11 dan konfilk peran (role conflict) sebesar 2.12. [Air Traffic Controllers Fatigue and Job Stress at X Airport ] In the effort to improve aviation safety, particularly at the airports, it is necessary to conduct the research concerning on the fatigue and job stress of the Air Traffic Controller (ATC) whom have an important role in maintaining aviation safety particularly in the aircrafts control and guidance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fatigue and job stress of the ATC so that it can be anticipated to prevent the occurrence of any human errors. The aim of this study is to provide the recommendation for aviation service operator and other related stakeholders in order to reduce the fatigue and job stress. From the conclusion, it is indicated that several factors affect the fatigue and job stress in which the most important factors (in descending order) are the workload (score 3.24), human relationship (score 2.53), the working environment (score 2.11) and role conflict (score 2.12).

scholarly journals Back for Good

2021 ◽  
Vol 177 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 344-378
Author(s):  
Choo Chin Low
Keyword(s):  
Management Policy ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Undocumented Migration ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Undocumented Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Legal Immigration

Abstract This article suggests that legalization and amnesty programmes have not been able to reduce undocumented migration in Malaysia for two reasons. First, the programmes merely serve as a registration tool that provides foreign workers with short-term work permits and as a surveillance tool to keep track of foreign workers. Second, the temporary work permits granted are no substitute for a migrant-labour management policy in addressing the acute shortage of low-skilled workers. Despite the introduction of these programmes, undocumented migrants have continued to exist because employers prefer to hire undocumented workers in their ‘race to the bottom’ in terms of costs, and the workers are dependent on their employers and agents as the gatekeepers of their legal immigration status. In 2016 and 2019, the Malaysian government introduced two reforms to its legalization and amnesty programmes: it eliminated outsourcing of the process in the Rehiring Programme (2016) and barred repatriated migrants from re-entering the country under the Back for Good amnesty programme (2019). Though these reforms have partially addressed the limitations of the previous programmes, they have not addressed the root cause of migrant labourers working without proper documentation.

scholarly journals An Attempt of Screw Driving Sounding Test in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Aminaton Marto ◽  
Go Sakai ◽  
Naoaki Suemasa ◽  
Nadiah Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Probe Test ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Screw Driving

Conventional soil investigation methods such as Mackintosh Probe Test (MPT) have limitations, e.g., require manual work for the equipment and data accuracy is low due to human error. While Standard Penetration test (SPT) needs high skilled workers and the cost per testing is expensive. Hence, Screw Driving Sounding test (SDS) was developed in Japan as a solution to the aforementioned disadvantages. An attempt was done to implement this test in Malaysia at different types of soils. This paper presents the results obtained from Batu Pahat and Cheras sites. Data from SDS tests were compared with the existing data of SPT and MPT available from Batu Pahat and Cheras sites, respectively. Results of the coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.721 for Batu Pahat Site and 0.851 for Cheras Site illustrate that the SPT and MPT results are highly correlated with SDS test results. From this preliminary findings, it shows that SDS test has the potential for soil characterizations in soil investigation work in Malaysia.

Holistic Approach In Human Error Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishan Prasad Shetty ◽  
Subramanian T.S ◽  
Ibrahim Al Awadhi
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Extent Of Damage

Abstract Despite all safety measures taken in oil and gas plants, serious vehicular accidents happen during maintenance/ shutdown activities, due to human errors such as inadequate planning, improper decision making/ behaviour etc. affecting structural integrity/ process safety, resulting in catastrophic events. In most of such incidents, swift safety measures need to be undertaken to control the extent of damage and limit additional risks cascading from the main event. This paper presents the case study of a vehicle impact incident on an existing main piperack located in the process plant, its root causes and immediate actions adopted in controlling major hazard and ensuring uninterrupted plant operation by maintaining structural integrity. Prime factors considered while arriving solutions to structural damages due to the vehicular impact include, incident cause, extent of damages, availability of restoration material, execution feasibility under plant operating conditions and skillsets of work force that carries out the restoration activities. Due to various constraints, solution arrived are temporary, averting multiple structural failures/ major accident. Further investigation and studies were required to identify root cause of the incident and enhance the implemented solution that would reaffirm long-term integrity of the piperack structure. The vehicular impact loads are generally not accounted in general structural design, since necessary safety measures are considered while finalizing the plant layout. Such unanticipated vehicular impacts on the structural system can result in local/ global structural damages such as failure of critical pipe supports, consequential damage to adjacent pipes, other structural components etc. In this case, although there was a warning signboard (installed on the pipe rack) indicating maximum permissible height, contractor tried to drive the container vehicle having height more than the stipulated height. Since the vehicle passed through first obstruction (beam) located at much higher level, driver negligently moved the vehicle further ahead hitting internal beam located slightly above the limiting height thereby damaging structural beam supporting critical piping. In this incident, site surveys to inspect the damage, data review, structural assessment and details of material in stock are some of the common steps followed for swift restoration of structural integrity. Based on the same, temporary support to prevent further structural damages and restoring operational integrity was designed and implemented in a short time. Other main activities followed were, Walk through the incident to derive the root cause Review work instructions and communication protocol Human factors pertaining to the incident Review the application of management and administrative control Permanent solution for structural restoration Ensuring safety of critical assets is the top most priority for the asset owner. Further, any accident related to safety shall be dealt swiftly to control major hazard, maintain asset integrity and ensure process safety. Such incidents could happen in any industrial facility, oil and gas or other industries. The lessons learnt from this accident and fit for purpose swift actions employed for restoration can be shared with the industry professionals to ensure 100% HSE in projects, operations and maintenance activities.

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