scholarly journals Rainwater Harvesting System Integrated With Sensors for Attic Temperature Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chian Yew ◽  
Song Wei Wong ◽  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Lip Huat Saw
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Roof System ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Cool Roof ◽  
Solar Powered

This cool roof system focuses on utilization of rainwater harvesting systems by integrating the smart sensor to cool the roof and attic temperatures for the improvement of comfort level of building occupants. An ideal cool roof technology system is basically made up of these three components: (1) moving-air-cavity (MAC) ventilation, (2) solar-powered fan and (3) rainwater harvesting system. These three main components integrate to perform and control the cool roof system. Four small-scale cool roof models were designed and constructed to inspect the performance of the rooftop and attic temperatures. The experimental work was carried out indoors by employing the halogen lamp as the replacement for solar irradiation, while the ambient temperature is monitored to be around 29.8 °C throughout the test. The temperatures of the rooftop surface, MAC aluminum tube, and attic region were measured by K-type thermocouples to evaluate the performance of the cool roof designs. The solar-powered fans were incorporated into the MAC, which accelerated the airflow rate within the cavity and rejected the hot air out before transferring it to the attic region. Meanwhile, an innovative rainwater harvesting system was executed to cool the rooftop temperature rapidly by reducing the rate of heat transfer to the attic region. The result of this inventive cool roof system (Design Z) has successfully reduced the attic temperature by 10.8 °C compared to the normal metal deck roof model (Design W). The findings of the project revealed that the integrated cool roofing technology system comprises the ability to enhance the comfortability of building occupants toward a long-term sustainable development for a better world.

scholarly journals Integration of Lightweight Foam Concrete Roof, Moving-Air-Cavity, and Solar-Powered Fans for Attic Temperature Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chian Yew ◽  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Mun Ling Ho ◽  
Lip Huat Saw
Keyword(s):  
Comfort Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Air Cavity ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Cool Roof ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Roof Design ◽  
Lightweight Foam

This paper presents a novel cool roof technology system that promotes both passive and active cooling methods in reducing the attic temperature of the building. The project aimed to evaluate the effect of various roof model designs on the heating load to establish the capacity of a cooling roof system by maintaining the thermal comfort level for occupants in the buildings. There are four main components in constructing the cool roof models: 1) metal deck roof, 2) lightweight foam concrete roof, 3) moving-air-cavity (MAC) ventilation, and 4) solar-powered fan. Four small-scale cool roof models were built to evaluate the performance of each cool roof design. The performances of the roof surface and attic temperatures of each designed cool roof models were compared with the conventional metal deck roof. The roof models were conducted indoors by using halogen spotlights. The result of the Roof Design IV with the integration of lightweight foam concrete, MAC, and solar-powered fans has effectively reduced the attic temperature by 6.0°C compared with the normal roof model (Roof Design I). As a result, this integrated cool roof design comprises the ability to enhance the comfortability of occupants toward long-term sustainable development with the utilization of renewable energy to protect the natural environment.

scholarly journals Innovative Design of Solar-Powered Desalination (SPD) System using Vacuum-Multi Effect Membrane Distillation (V-MEMD) Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 08010
Author(s):  
Achmad Chafidz ◽  
Faisal RM ◽  
Esa D. Kerme ◽  
Irfan Wazeer ◽  
Saeed M. AlZahrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Solar Powered

This research focused on the development of an innovative design of solar-powered desalination (SPD) system which was expected to solve the water and energy problem simultaneously. We have developed a portable and hybrid solar-powered desalination (SPD) system for producing potable water from saline water. It is a self-contained and integrated system which combines solar-thermal collector and solar-photovoltaic for its operation, and thus the system can operate to produce water by only using solar energy. Therefore, the system is highly suitable to be implemented in remote arid and coastal areas without infrastructures or connection to the grid (water and power), but blessed with abundant solar irradiation, like in Saudi Arabia. A Memsys Vacuum Multi-Effect Membrane Distillation (V-MEMD) unit was used as the core of the SPD system. A heat pump was also integrated into the SPD system for energy recovery and to improve the performance of the system. The system could be considered as sustainable and “green” desalination technology, which will be very useful for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To study the performance of the system, small-scale tests have been carried out at the Engineering College - King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Based on the experimental results, the system has run successfully by only utilizing solar energy.

Design and Performance of Small Scale Solar Powered Water Desalination Systems, Utilizing Reverse Osmosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Franc¸a ◽  
H. M. Laborde ◽  
H. Neff
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
High Pressure Pump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Power Needs

A small scale solar powered desalination system has been designed, analyzed, and optimized with regard to power needs and energy consumption. Both quantities scale linearly with the concentration of the total dissolved salt concentration (TDS) in the feed solution. The desalination of brackish water at a TDS value of 3,000 ppm requires an energy of approximately 1.5 kWh/m3. For seawater at a TDS value of 34,000 ppm, this value increases to 9.5 kWh/m3. The selected type of membrane, the system design, and, in particular, the efficiency of the high pressure pump crucially affect energy consumption. The desalination cost also has been estimated for a small scale system that linearly scale with the TDS value of the feed water. [S0199-6231(00)00104-0]

Cost-Effectiveness of Solar-Powered LED Reading Lamps in Burkina Faso

2013 ◽  
pp. 203-221
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Reading Test Scores ◽  
One Year ◽  
6Th Graders

A small-scale project to induce more reading among 5th and 6th graders in rural Burkina Faso by providing them with solar-powered LED lamps indeed increased reading for students in villages without preexisting libraries, but did not affect reading capabilities. The research aimed to establish the magnitude of effects after one year when 10-14 year-olds in rural African villages with small community libraries were given solar-powered lamps for night reading. The effects measured were reading habits (how much did students read?) and reading capabilities (how well could students read and comprehend what they read?). Once village effects were controlled, the lamps had statistically significant effects on reading habits for students in villages without preexisting libraries. The effect sizes were modest, ranging from .20 to .25. There were no effects on reading test scores. A cost-effectiveness metric to use for comparing with other studies of education interventions then is that expenditure of $1 per student on a solar-powered LED reading lamp distribution program generated about a 1% increase in reading, with no apparent effect on reading capabilities.

Scope/need of soft path water resource management in developing countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Amin ◽  
M. Han
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The goal of this paper is to identify the major outlines of innovative, integrated and decentralized water management practices, training, research, and development needs in various aspects of soft path water resource management in developing countries of Asia. The decentralized water strategies including science, regulations, training, government policies, and funding for some of the developing countries in Asian region are reviewed. There are two primary ways or paths of meeting water-related needs; one the “hard” path, and the other “soft” path that complements mainly decentralized and open decision-making, application of efficient technology, and environmental protection. One of the soft path decentralized solution being implemented in many developing countries of Asia is small scale rainwater harvesting and management and both government and non-government sectors are promoting the practice on a regional community and family basis. Overall, the paper aims to contribute to the ongoing development of environmentally sound and economically viable approaches to water management in the developing world.

Development of a Low-Cost Solar-Powered Water Supply System for Small-Scale Drip Irrigation Farms in Sub-Saharan Africa: Dosing Tank and Bell Siphon Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (7) ◽  
pp. 05018003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Oppong Danso ◽  
Thomas Atta-Darkwa ◽  
Finn Plauborg ◽  
Edward Benjamin Sabi ◽  
Yvonne Kugblenu-Darrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Solar Powered

scholarly journals Research and Analysis on Rainwater Harvesting and Utilization Technology of Unattended Substation

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02038
Author(s):  
Nan Cheng ◽  
Lin Xing ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Hongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Technology System

The rainwater collection and utilization technology in substation was investigated, and then a novel water-saving technology system for green substations is presented in this paper. A 220kV substation was chosen as the example to analyze the system. The results showed that it can save 278.5m³ water resource. It can provide important reference for rainwater collection and utilization in unattended substation.

scholarly journals Comparative Thermal Analysis of Different Cool Roof Materials for Minimizing Building Energy Consumption

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Anand ◽  
A. Gupta ◽  
A. Maini ◽  
Avi Gupta ◽  
A. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Cool Roof ◽  
Cool Roofs ◽  
The Impact

The roof and walls in the urban areas contribute to major share in the absorption of solar radiations and also retard the outflow of the absorbed radiation from the building envelope, thereby increasing the global warming by inducing the heat island effect. The impact of using cool roof technologies on the thermal comfort of the office buildings has been estimated. Cool roofs reduce electricity consumption for maintaining the temperature of the air-conditioned buildings in the comfort level and also increase comfort in buildings merely not relying completely on cooling equipment. The cool roofs and cool pavements, however, can mitigate summer urban heat islands by improving indoor air quality and comfort. The thermal analysis of different materials has been carried out to analyze the impact of the rate of heat transfer on the building envelope and the results obtained indicate that different cool roof techniques are beneficial in maintaining the comfort level of the building which purely depends on the ambient temperature conditions.

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