Natural Drug-Loaded Bimetal-Substituted Hydroxyapatite-Polymeric Composite for Osteosarcoma-Affected Bone Repair

Repairing segmental bone deformities after resection of dangerous bone tumors is a long-standing clinical issue. The study’s main objective is to synthesize a natural bioactive compound-loaded bimetal-substituted hydroxyapatite (BM-HA)-based composite for bone regeneration. The bimetal (copper and cadmium)-substituted HAs were prepared by the sol-gel method and reinforced with biocompatible polyacrylamide (BM-HA/PAA). Umbelliferone (UMB) drug was added to the BM-HA/PAA composite to enhance anticancer activity further. The composite’s formation was confirmed by various physicochemical investigations, such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, and HR-TEM techniques. The bioactivity was assessed by immersing the sample in simulated body fluid for 1, 3, and 7 days. The zeta potential values of BM-HA/PAA and BM-HA/PAA/UMB are −36.4 mV and −49.4 mV, respectively. The in vitro viability of the prepared composites was examined in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It shows the ability of the composite to produce osteogenic bone regeneration without any adverse effects. From the gene expression and PCR results, the final UMB-loaded composite induced osteogenic markers, such as Runx, OCN, and VEFG. The prepared bimetal substituted polyacrylamide reinforced HA composite loaded with UMB drug has the ability for bone repair/regenerations.

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Photocuring Hyaluronic Acid/Silk Fibroin Hydrogel Containing Curcumin Loaded CHITOSAN Nanoparticles for the Treatment of MG-63 Cells and ME3T3-E1 Cells

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13142302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 2302

Author(s):

Qingwen Yu ◽

Zhiyuan Meng ◽

Yichao Liu ◽

Zehao Li ◽

Xing Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Silk Fibroin ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Ph Value ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Long Term Treatment

After an osteosarcoma excision, recurrence and bone defects are significant challenges for clinicians. In this study, the curcumin (Cur) loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (CCNP) encapsulated silk fibroin (SF)/hyaluronic acid esterified by methacrylate (HAMA) (CCNPs-SF/HAMA) hydrogel for the osteosarcoma therapy and bone regeneration was developed by photocuring and ethanol treatment. The micro or nanofibers networks were observed in the CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel. The FTIR results demonstrated that alcohol vapor treatment caused an increase in β-sheets of SF, resulting in the high compression stress and Young’s modulus of CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel. According to the water uptake analysis, SF caused a slight decrease in water uptake of CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel while CCNPs could enhance the water uptake of it. The swelling kinetic results showed that both the CCNPs and the SF increased the swelling ratio of CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel. The accumulative release profile of CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel showed that the release of Cur from CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel was accelerated when pH value was decreased from 7.4 to 5.5. Besides, compared with CCNPs, the CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel had a more sustainable drug release, which was beneficial for the long-term treatment of osteosarcoma. In vitro assay results indicated that CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel with equivalent Cur concentration of 150 μg/mL possessed both the effect of anti-cancer and promoting the proliferation of osteoblasts. These results suggest that CCNPs-SF/HAMA hydrogel with superior physical properties and the bifunctional osteosarcoma therapy and bone repair may be an excellent candidate for local cancer therapy and bone regeneration.

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Zn-Containing Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration in Dentistry

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1797

Author(s):

Manuel Toledano ◽

Marta Vallecillo-Rivas ◽

María T. Osorio ◽

Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽

Manuel Toledano-Osorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Complex Modulus ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Guided Bone Regeneration ◽

M2 Macrophage

Barrier membranes are employed in guided bone regeneration (GBR) to facilitate bone in-growth. A bioactive and biomimetic Zn-doped membrane with the ability to participate in bone healing and regeneration is necessary. The aim of the present study is to state the effect of doping the membranes for GBR with zinc compounds in the improvement of bone regeneration. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, DIMDI, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. A narrative exploratory review was undertaken, focusing on the antibacterial effects, physicochemical and biological properties of Zn-loaded membranes. Bioactivity, bone formation and cytotoxicity were analyzed. Microstructure and mechanical properties of these membranes were also determined. Zn-doped membranes have inhibited in vivo and in vitro bacterial colonization. Zn-alloy and Zn-doped membranes attained good biocompatibility and were found to be non-toxic to cells. The Zn-doped matrices showed feasible mechanical properties, such as flexibility, strength, complex modulus and tan delta. Zn incorporation in polymeric membranes provided the highest regenerative efficiency for bone healing in experimental animals, potentiating osteogenesis, angiogenesis, biological activity and a balanced remodeling. Zn-loaded membranes doped with SiO2 nanoparticles have performed as bioactive modulators provoking an M2 macrophage increase and are a potential biomaterial for promoting bone repair. Zn-doped membranes have promoted pro-healing phenotypes.

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Material Properties of Strontium Doped Bioactive Glasses/Hydroxyapatite Composite and Its Mechanism of Promoting Bone Repair

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2313-2320

Author(s):

Jian Zhao ◽

Wei Li ◽

Xin Dong ◽

Jiying Chen

Keyword(s):

Bone Repair ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Dissolution Behavior ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Bioactive Glasses ◽

Strontium Content ◽

M2 Polarization ◽

Good Ability

Based on bioactive glasses (BG) of 58S, sol–gel method is used to prepare strontium oxide substituted bioactive glasses (SrO-BG) with different strontium content. SrO-BG and nano hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite materials were synthesized using precipitation method. The phase composition and morphologies of the prepared materials were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The dissolution and bio-mineralization of SrO-BG and SrO-BG/HAp composites in SBF are investigated by immersion method. The effects of secretion components of macrophages regulated by strontium doped SrO-BG/HAp composites on the osteogenic differentiation (OD) of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the SrO-BG can inhibit the dissolution of BG. Different proportions of SrO-BG/HAp composites show good ability to induce HAp in SBF. The bio-mineralization ability of SrO-BG/HAp composites increases with the increase of SrO-BG content. The results of dissolution behavior and bio-mineralization of SrO-BG/HAp composite show that the dissolution rate of each ion can be controlled by adjusting the content of SrO-BG in the composite, and then the degradation rate can effectively be controlled. The results of in vitro experiments show that SrO-BG/HAp composites with 2%, 5% and 8% strontium content are more effective in promoting M2 polarization of macrophages than SrO-BG/HAp composites with 0% strontium content. Among them, 5% strontium doped SrO-BG/HAp has the strongest effect on M2 polarization of macrophages, and the secretion of macrophages regulated by 5% strontium doped SrO-BG/HAp composite is more conducive to bone repair.

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Sol-gel derived nanosized Sr5(PO4)2SiO4 powder with enhanced in vitro osteogenesis and angiogenesis for bone regeneration applications

Ceramics International ◽

10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.10.215 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 3148-3158 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anjaneyulu Udduttula ◽

Jian Li ◽

Pei-Yi Zhao ◽

Guo-Cheng Wang ◽

Jian V. Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Sol Gel

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Bioactive and Biocompatible Silica/Pseudowollastonite Aerogels

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.96.21 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P.J. Reséndiz-Hernández ◽

D.A. Cortés-Hernández ◽

Juan Méndez Nonell ◽

J.C. Escobedo-Bocardo

Keyword(s):

Bone Tissue ◽

Ambient Pressure ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Ambient Pressure Drying ◽

Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽

Tissue Formation ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Bone Tissue Formation

Silica aerogels have attracted increasingly more attention due to their extraordinary properties and their existing and potential applications in a wide variety of technological areas. Materials that promote bone-tissue formation at their surface and bond to osseous tissues when implanted are called bioactive, such as pseudowollastonite particles. In this work, the synthesis of aerogels with pseudowollastonite particles was performed. The synthesis involved the preparation of an alcogel by a two step sol-gel route followed by ambient pressure drying. To promote a higher bioactivity the obtained aerogels were then biomimetically treated using simulated body fluids, SBF and 1.5 SBF. A high bioactivity was demonstrated by FT-IR, SEM, EDS, and XRD. The in vitro biocompatibility was assessed by testing cytotoxicity using rat osteoblasts cultures. The results obtained indicate that these materials are highly potential aerogels for bone tissue regeneration.

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In vitro kinetic investigations on the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of bioactive glasses prepared via melting and sol–gel techniques for bone regeneration applications

Biomedical Materials ◽

10.1088/1748-605x/aa5a30 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 015029 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mayyada M H El-Sayed ◽

Amany A Mostafa ◽

Alaa M Gaafar ◽

Walid El Hotaby ◽

Esmat MA Hamzawy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Bioactive Glasses ◽

Kinetic Investigations

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Cellularizing hydrogel-based scaffolds to repair bone tissue: How to create a physiologically relevant micro-environment?

Journal of Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1177/2041731417712073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 204173141771207 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Mathieu Maisani ◽

Daniele Pezzoli ◽

Olivier Chassande ◽

Diego Mantovani

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Promising Alternative

Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to autografts or allografts for the regeneration of large bone defects. Cell-free biomaterials with different degrees of sophistication can be used for several therapeutic indications, to stimulate bone repair by the host tissue. However, when osteoprogenitors are not available in the damaged tissue, exogenous cells with an osteoblast differentiation potential must be provided. These cells should have the capacity to colonize the defect and to participate in the building of new bone tissue. To achieve this goal, cells must survive, remain in the defect site, eventually proliferate, and differentiate into mature osteoblasts. A critical issue for these engrafted cells is to be fed by oxygen and nutrients: the transient absence of a vascular network upon implantation is a major challenge for cells to survive in the site of implantation, and different strategies can be followed to promote cell survival under poor oxygen and nutrient supply and to promote rapid vascularization of the defect area. These strategies involve the use of scaffolds designed to create the appropriate micro-environment for cells to survive, proliferate, and differentiate in vitro and in vivo. Hydrogels are an eclectic class of materials that can be easily cellularized and provide effective, minimally invasive approaches to fill bone defects and favor bone tissue regeneration. Furthermore, by playing on their composition and processing, it is possible to obtain biocompatible systems with adequate chemical, biological, and mechanical properties. However, only a good combination of scaffold and cells, possibly with the aid of incorporated growth factors, can lead to successful results in bone regeneration. This review presents the strategies used to design cellularized hydrogel-based systems for bone regeneration, identifying the key parameters of the many different micro-environments created within hydrogels.

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Comparison of the Effect of Sol-Gel and Coprecipitation Routes on the Properties and Behavior of Nanocomposite Chitosan-Bioactive Glass Membranes for Bone Tissue Engineering

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2015/150394 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elke M. F. Lemos ◽

Sandhra M. Carvalho ◽

Patrícia S. O. Patrício ◽

Claudio L. Donnici ◽

Marivalda M. Pereira

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Composite Films ◽

Maximum Tensile Stress ◽

Control Group ◽

Nanoparticle Dispersion

Recent studies in tissue engineering have highlighted the importance of the development of composite materials based on biodegradable polymers containing bioactive glasses, in particular, composites for high load support and excellent cell viability for potential application in bone regeneration. In this work, hybrid composite films were obtained by combining chitosan with bioactive glass in solution form and in nanoparticle dispersion form obtained by the two different synthesis routes: the sol-gel method and coprecipitation. The bioactive glass served both as a mechanical reinforcing agent and as a triggering agent with high bioactivity. The results ofin vitroassays with simulated body fluid demonstrated the formation of a significant layer of fibrils on the surface of the film, with a typical morphology of carbonated hydroxyapatite, reflecting induction of a favorable bioactivity. Maximum tensile stress increased from 42 to 80 MPa to the sample with 5% wt bioactive glass. In addition, samples containing 5% and 10% wt bioactive glass showed a significant increase in cell viability, 18 and 30% increase compared to the control group. The samples showed significant response, indicating that they could be a potential material for use in bone regeneration through tissue engineering.

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Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Incorporated Silk Fibroin as a Potential Bio-Scaffold in Guiding Bone Regeneration

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12040853 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 853 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dewi Sartika ◽

Chih-Hsin Wang ◽

Ding-Han Wang ◽

Juin-Hong Cherng ◽

Shu-Jen Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Silk Fibroin ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Matrix Deposition ◽

Calvarial Defects

Recently, stem cell-based bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been recognized as a preferable and clinically significant strategy for bone repair. In this study, a pure 3D silk fibroin (SF) scaffold was fabricated as a BTE material using a lyophilization method. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of the SF scaffold with and without seeded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) in facilitating bone regeneration. The effectiveness of the SF-hASCs scaffold was evaluated based on physical characterization, biocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in critical rat calvarial defects in vivo. The SF scaffold demonstrated superior biocompatibility and significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of hASCs in vitro. At six and twelve weeks postimplantation, micro-CT showed no statistical difference in new bone formation amongst all groups. However, histological staining results revealed that the SF-hASCs scaffold exhibited a better bone extracellular matrix deposition in the defect regions compared to other groups. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed this result; expression of osteoblast-related genes (BMP-2, COL1a1, and OCN) with the SF-hASCs scaffold treatment was remarkably positive, indicating their ability to achieve effective bone remodeling. Thus, these findings demonstrate that SF can serve as a potential carrier for stem cells, to be used as an osteoconductive bioscaffold for BTE applications.

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A Novel Strategy Incorporated the Power of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Allografts for Segmental Bone Tissue Engineering

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.3727/096368909788809839 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 433-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Xiao Hui Zou ◽

Hong Xin Cai ◽

Zi Yin ◽

Xiao Chen ◽

Yang Zi Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Nude Mice ◽

Bone Grafts ◽

Great Promise ◽

Differentiation Potential ◽

Bone Allografts ◽

Segmental Bone

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for bone regeneration. However, the power of mesenchymal stem cells has not been applied to structural bone allografts in clinical practice. This study designed a new strategy to enhance the efficiency of allografts for segmental bone regeneration. Isolated MSCs were cultured to form a cell sheet. The MSC sheet was then wrapped onto structural allografts. The assembled structures were cultured in vitro to evaluate the differentiation potential of MSC sheet. The assembled structures were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice as well as into the segmental radius defect of rabbits to investigate the efficiency of MSC sheets to repopulate allografts for bone repair. MSC sheets, upon assembling on bone grafts, showed similar differentiation properties to the in situ periosteum in vitro. After implantation the MSC sheets accelerated the repopulation of bone grafts in nude mice. Moreover, MSC sheets induced thicker cortical bone formation and more efficient graft-to-bone end fusion at the segmental bone defects in rabbits. This study thus presented a novel, more efficient, and practical strategy for large weight-bearing bone reconstruction by using MSC sheets to deliver large number of MSCs to repopulate the bone allografts.

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