scholarly journals The Characteristic of Critical Genes in Neuroendocrine System and Their Regulation on Food Habit Transition and Metamorphosis of Veined Rapa Whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Jie Yang ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Hao Song ◽  
Zheng-Lin Yu ◽  
Pu Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Neuroendocrine System ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rapana Venosa ◽  
Cholecystokinin Receptor ◽  
Cdna Sequences ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Metamorphosis is a critical developmental event in mollusks, and neuroendocrine system plays an essential role in this process. Rapana venosa is an economically important shellfish in China, but the artificial technology of R. venosa aquaculture is limited by metamorphosis. As a carnivorous gastropod, food habit transition makes the mechanism of R. venosa metamorphosis more complex. To investigate the changes in the neuroendocrine system and to reveal its role in regulating the food habit transition and metamorphosis of R. venosa, we cloned the cDNA sequences encoding 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (Rv-5HTR), nitric oxide synthetase (Rv-NOS) and cholecystokinin receptor (Rv-CCKR), and investigated their expression by quantitative real-time PCR analysis, and explore the spatio-temporal changes of 5-HT protein expression using Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The expression of the three geens was significantly increased in the early intramembrane veliger stage, which indicates that the three genes are related to the development of digestive system. Additionally, expression of the three genes was decreased after metamorphosis, while Rv-NOS and Rv-CCKR were increasingly expressed in competent larvae, which may help the larvae find suitable environments and promote digestive system development for metamorphosis, and the result of 5-HT IHC analysis also reflects the development of neuroendocrine system. Furthermore, results show that CCK can effect the expression of digestive enzyme, NOS and 5-HT receptor. Finally, based on the present results, we hypothesized that CCK and CCK receptor may be critical regulatory factors of food habit transition and metamorphosis. These results might provide information on the development of neuroendocrine system of R. venosa, and new insight into the regulation of the food habit transition and metamorphosis of gastropods.

scholarly journals Response of broiler chicks to L-Glutamine feeding in the immediate pre- and post-hatch periods

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karamik ◽  
C. Kop-Bozbay
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Small Intestinal

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo and post-hatching supplementation with L-Glutamine (Gln) on hatching characteristics, performance, small intestinal morphology, and muscle development of broilers. At day 18 of incubation, 960 fertilized eggs were allocated to four treatments with six replicates. Eggs were i) not injected (negative control) (NC), ii) subject to the standard incubation procedure (PG), iii) injected with 1 ml sterile solution with 0.9% salt (positive control) (PC), and iv) injected with 1% Gln solution (IG). On hatching, the SC chicks were fed with 1% Gln for seven days. The remaining chicks were fed a commercial starter feed. After hatching, there were six replicates of 28 birds in each treatment. Hatchability and yolk sac weight were lower and yolk-free chick weight (YFCW), whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and breast muscle weights were higher at hatching for chicks from the IG treatment. At 42 days old, feed conversation ratio (FCR) was lower in birds that had Gln added to their diet than for the other treatments. The FCR was also lower in IG birds than birds in the NC group. The GIT weight, villus height, villus width and crypt depth of the birds receiving dietary supplementation of Gln were greater than those of birds in PC and IG. Thus, in ovo injection of Gln improved hatching characteristics except for hatchability. Further, in ovo and dietary Gln administration reduced FCR by stimulating digestive system development.

Digestive system development and study of acid and alkaline protease digestive capacities using biochemical and molecular approaches in totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) larvae

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario A. Galaviz ◽  
Lus M. López ◽  
Alejandra García Gasca ◽  
Carlos Alfonso Álvarez González ◽  
Conal D. True ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Protease ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Totoaba Macdonaldi

Effects of different weaning strategies on survival, growth and digestive system development in butter catfish Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch) larvae

Aquaculture ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravata Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Joykrushna Jena ◽  
Gopa Mitra ◽  
Neeraj Sood ◽  
Enric Gisbert
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Ompok Bimaculatus

Describing Spatio-Temporal Phenomena for Environmental System Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
André Miralles ◽  
François Pinet ◽  
Yvan Bédard
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This paper is composed of two parts dealing with the modeling of environmental phenomena. The first part presents the traditional ER and OO formalisms dedicated to geographic information modeling. These languages focus mainly on representing the spatial and temporal properties of this type of information. Many of these languages express these properties visually by using pictograms. After a quick historical presentation of the languages, the authors show the various types of spatiality and temporality usually encountered in these languages. Often qualified as primitive, some of these spatialities and temporalities are simple. Others, which are more complex, result from combinations of simple spatialities and simple temporalities. Still others are used in very specific situations encountered during the development of geographical information systems. These different spatialities and temporalities are presented via examples provided in the field of environmental dynamics.

Characterisation of an (S)-linalool synthase from kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) that catalyses the first committed step in the production of floral lilac compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyin Chen ◽  
Yar-Khing Yauk ◽  
Niels J. Nieuwenhuizen ◽  
Adam J. Matich ◽  
Mindy Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Terpene Synthase ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Terpene Synthases ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
Cdna Sequences ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Enantioselective Gas Chromatography ◽  
Actinidia Spp ◽  
Linalool Synthase

Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp. Lindl.) flowers and fruit contain many compounds of interest to the flavour and fragrance industries. In particular, Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. flowers produce β-linalool and important derivatives thereof, including linalool oxides, lilac aldehydes, alcohols and alcohol epoxides. Dynamic headspace sampling of whole A. arguta flowers showed that the peak emission rate of linalool, lilac alcohols and lilac aldehydes occurred around 0800 hours. After solvent extraction, linalool levels remained constant throughout the day and night, but lilac alcohol levels peaked at noon. In whole flowers, linalool was found predominantly in pistils and petals, and the lilac compounds were found mainly in petals. Two highly homologous (96.6% nucleotide identity) terpene synthase cDNA sequences, AaLS1 and ApLS1, were isolated from A. arguta and Actinidia polygama (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim flower EST libraries respectively. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that AaLS1 was expressed constitutively throughout the day and night, and primarily in petal tissue. Functional analysis in Escherichia coli showed that AaLS1 and ApLS1 each encoded a linalool synthase which was confirmed by transient expression in planta. Enantioselective gas chromatography revealed that both terpene synthases produced only (S)-(+)-linalool. AaLS1, therefore, is likely to be the key enzyme producing the (S)-linalool precursor of the lilac alcohols and aldehydes in A. arguta flowers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document