scholarly journals Pandora’s Box in the Deep Sea –Intraspecific Diversity Patterns and Distribution of Two Congeneric Scavenging Amphipods

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Jażdżewska ◽  
Tammy Horton ◽  
Ed Hendrycks ◽  
Tomasz Mamos ◽  
Amy C. Driskell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Unit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Population Connectivity ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
28S Rrna

Paralicella tenuipesChevreux, 1908 and Paralicella caperescaShulenberger and Barnard, 1976 are known as widely distributed deep-sea scavenging amphipods. Some recent studies based on genetic data indicated the presence of high intraspecific variation of P. caperesca suggesting it is a species complex. Based on published molecular data from the Pacific and Indian oceans and new material obtained from the North and South Atlantic, we integrated the knowledge on the intraspecific variation and species distribution of the two nominal taxa. The study included analysis of three genes (COI, 16S rRNA, 28S rRNA) and revealed the existence of a single Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU) within P. tenuipes and six different MOTUs forming P. caperesca. The distribution pattern of the recognized lineages varied with three (P. tenuipes, MOTU 1 and MOTU 5 of P. caperesca) being widely distributed. There was evidence of contemporary population connectivity expressed by the share of the same COI haplotypes by individuals from very distant localities. At the same time no signal of recent demographic changes was observed within the studied taxa. The time-calibrated phylogeny suggested the emergence of species to be at the time of Mesozoic/Cenozoic transition that may be associated with global changes of the ocean circulation and deep sea water cooling.

A new species of the deep-sea genus Scaphander (Gastropoda, Cephalaspidea) from the Mar del Plata submarine canyon off Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Justine Siegwald ◽  
Guido Pastorino ◽  
Trond Oskars ◽  
Manuel António E Malaquias
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Scaphander Montfort, 1810, is a genus of deep-sea, soft-bottom gastropods composed of approximately 23 species distributed worldwide. The systematics of the genus in the Atlantic was recently revised and eight species were recognized. The present study describes a new species (Scaphander meridionalis sp. n.) from the Argentine continental slope using morphological and molecular data. Shells, gizzard plates, radulae, and male reproductive systems were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy and compared with data from all other known Scaphander species. Bayesian molecular phylogenetics based on two mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (28S rRNA) genes together with the molecular species delimitation method Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery were used to compare the novel samples with all known Atlantic species. Our results revealed that the Argentinian specimens have a distinct shell and penial papilla and were molecularly 6.35–6.53%, 6.9–7.44%, and 7.99–8.89% distinct (COI uncorrected p-distance) from their closest relatives, the Pacific species Scaphander grandis and Scaphander mundus, and the northern Atlantic species Scaphander nobilis, respectively. Scaphander meridionalis sp. n. is the first species only known from the South Atlantic and its occurrence off Argentina represents a new southern geographical limit of the distribution of the genus in the Atlantic Ocean.

BAHAN ORGANIK TERLARUT DALAM AIR LAUT

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Dwi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Cation Distribution ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration

Seawater contains high amounts of organic material and ions causing high salinity.The distribution of nutrients in the ocean is determined by ocean circulation, biological processes of uptake and mineralization, and subsequent regeneration of nutrients by migration of animals and by supply from the land.Topic related to sea water is important to discuss and to be a challenging with many researchers in Indonesia. In this paper, organic mater from sea water was learned in detail. The information contained of formulation history, justifi cation, distribution, advantages, and method of measure, type and effect to environment.Keywords: organic material, sea water, dissolved

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Whale falls, multiple colonisations of the deep, and the phylogeny of Hesionidae (Annelida)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindi Summers ◽  
Fredrik Pleijel ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
New Members

Phylogenetic relationships within Hesionidae Grube, 1850 are assessed via maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) data. The analyses are based on 42 hesionid species; six of these being new species that are described here. The new species, all from deep (>200 m depth) benthic environments (including whale falls) in the eastern Pacific, are Gyptis shannonae, sp. nov., Neogyptis julii, sp. nov., Sirsoe sirikos, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia ketea, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia falenothiras, sp. nov., and Vrijenhoekia ahabi, sp. nov. The molecular divergence among the new members of Vrijenhoekia is pronounced enough to consider them cryptic species, even though we cannot distinguish among them morphologically. Our results also showed that the subfamily Hesioninae Grube, 1850, as traditionally delineated, was paraphyletic. We thus restrict Hesioninae to include only Hesionini Grube, 1850 and refer the remaining members to Psamathinae Pleijel, 1998. The present study increases the number of hesionid species associated with whale falls from one to six and markedly increases the number of described deep-sea hesionid taxa. There appear to have been multiple colonisations of the deep sea from shallow waters by hesionids, though further sampling is warranted.

Simulation on Linear-Motor-Driven Water Hydraulic Reciprocating Plunger Pump

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Meng Zhang ◽  
Yong Jun Gong ◽  
Jiao Yi Hou ◽  
Han Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Pulsation ◽  
Plunger Pump ◽  
Water Hydraulic

The water hydraulic reciprocating plunger pump driven by linear motor is suitable to deep sea application with high efficiency and variable control. Aiming to study the principle structure and working characteristics of the pump, two patterns of valve and piston distribution were designed. And the control method and the performance were analyzed by simulation based on the AMESim model. The results show that the pressure and flow pulsation of piston type pump are much smaller than the valve type, even though the piston type is large in scale and works at low flow rate. Compared with a valve distribution tri-linear-motor reciprocating plunger pump (VDTLMP), as the flow rate of the piston distribution double linear motor reciprocating plunger pump (PDDLMP) is decreased from 36.7 L/min to 21.2 L/min theoretically, the pressure pulsation amplitude is decreased from 46% to 2%, and the flow pulsation rate is also decreased from 0.266 to 0.007. These results contribute to the research on deep-sea water hydraulic power pack and direct drive pump with high efficiency and energy conservation.

Intraspecific variability of morphological characters in the species-rich deep-sea genus Acantholaimus Allgén, 1933 (Nematoda: Chromadoridae)

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Miljutin ◽  
Maria A. Miljutina
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
General Arrangement ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

Acantholaimusis a species-rich genus of deep-sea nematodes, often with dozens of species found at the same locality but each represented by single or few individuals. Species discrimination by morphological characters in this genus is therefore often difficult due to transitional forms that may be referred to several species because of lack of data on intraspecific variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraspecific variability of morphological characters that are most often used inAcantholaimustaxonomy, in order to distinguish those which are most informative for species differentiation. A reverse taxonomic approach was applied for initial species discrimination. Two loci, one each from small and large subunits of rRNA, were sequenced for 59Acantholaimusspecimens from two deep-sea locations. Twenty-seven Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTU) were identified, of which 12 were represented by more than one individual. These were then analysed for intraspecific variability in morphological characters. Some of the examined characters showed high intraspecific variability; specifically: length of cephalic setae; distance from anterior end to amphid; shape of anterior setae; position and arrangement of cervical setae. In the absence of genetic data, these characters should be used with caution for differential diagnoses or species discrimination. Other characters were more conservative within the same MOTU: body proportions; length of outer labial setae; amphidial diam.; appearance of lateral field; general arrangement of cervical setae; and shape of tail. These characters may be successfully used for species discrimination in the absence of molecular data.

Re-description of the Arctic tardigrade Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007 (Eutardigrada; Macrobiotidea), with the first molecular data for the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4196 (4) ◽  
pp. 498 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRZYSZTOF ZAWIERUCHA ◽  
MAŁGORZATA KOLICKA ◽  
ŁUKASZ KACZMAREK
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
5.8S Rdna

Tardigrada is phylum of micrometazoans widely distributed throughout the world, because of old descriptions and insufficient morphometric data, many species currently need revision and re-description. Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007) is tardigrade previously only recorded from the Svalbard archipelago. This species’ original description was based on two individuals with destroyed claws on the fourth pair of legs and a lack of complete morphometric data for buccal tube and claws. In this paper, we present a re-description of T. voronkovi, supplementing the original description using the original paratype and additional material from Svalbard: Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. This species is characterised by two macroplacoids and a microplacoid, claws of Tenuibiotus type, dentate lunules under claw IV, and faint granulation on legs I–III and strong granulation on the legs IV. We include a new morphological description with microphotographs, morphometric, and molecular data (including: mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), internal transcribed spacers (ITS1–5.8S rDNA–ITS2), and nuclear ribosome subunits 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA). These are the first published molecular data for the genus Tenuibiotus Pilato and Lisi, 2011, analysis of which indicated an affiliation of Tenuibiotus to the family Macrobiotidae. We found no differences in body size between individuals from different islands (Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya), but did observe variability in the eggs. After revision of the literature and the published figures, we concluded that Dastych’s (1985) report of T. willardi (Pilato, 1976) from Svalbard, was actually T. voronkovi, which has the greater distribution in Svalbard, and other Arctic locations, than previously believed. 

scholarly journals Library Construction from Subnanogram DNA for Pelagic Sea Water and Deep-Sea Sediments

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Hirai ◽  
Shinro Nishi ◽  
Miwako Tsuda ◽  
Michinari Sunamura ◽  
Yoshihiro Takaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Library Construction ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments

Molecular phylogeny of Australasian anopsobiine centipedes (Chilopoda : Lithobiomorpha)

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
16S Rna

Species assigned to the anopsobiine centipede genera Anopsobius Silvestri, 1899, and Dichelobius Attems, 1911, are widely distributed on fragments of the Gondwanan supercontinent, including temperate and tropical Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Cape region of South Africa, and southern South America. Phylogenetic relationships between Australasian and other Gondwanan Anopsobiinae are inferred based on parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses (via direct optimisation) of sequence data for five markers: nuclear ribosomal 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA, mitochondrial ribosomal 12S rRNA and 16S RNA, and the mitochondrial protein-coding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. New molecular data are added for Anopsobius from South Africa and New Zealand, Dichelobius from New Caledonia, and a new species from Queensland, Australia, Dichelobius etnaensis, sp. nov. The new species is based on distinctive morphological and molecular data. The molecular phylogenies indicate that antennal segmentation in the Anopsobiinae is a more reliable taxonomic character than is spiracle distribution. The former character divides the Gondwanan clade into a 17-segmented group (Dichelobius) and a 15-segmented group (Anopsobius). Confinement of the spiracles to segments 3, 10 and 12 has at least two origins in the Gondwanan clade. The area cladogram for Dichelobius (Queensland (Western Australia + New Caledonia)) suggests a relictual distribution pruned by extinction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document