scholarly journals Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Di Mauro ◽  
Ignazio La Mantia ◽  
Salvatore Cocuzza ◽  
Pasqua Irene Sciancalepore ◽  
Deborak Rasà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Head Impulse Test ◽  
Detailed Medical History ◽  
Peripheral Origin ◽  
Nose And Throat ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and review the available literature about cochleovestibular dysfunction after the COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: In the period from May to July 2021, we evaluated 33 patients (mean age 54.3 ± 14.1) with “acute vertigo” post COVID-19 vaccination. A detailed medical history was taken on comorbidities, types of vaccines received, and symptoms associated. All patients underwent otoneurological evaluation, such as head impulse test, nystagmus evaluation, test of skew (HINTS) examination. Head shaking test-induced nystagmus, hyperventilation-induced nystagmus, and parossistic positional nystagmus were studied to search for vestibular impairment.Results: Symptoms included 16 patients (48.5%) with objective vertigo, 14 patients (42.4%) with subjective vertigo, and 3 patients (9.1%) with dizziness. Of the associated ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms, the most expressed was tinnitus (18.2%). Bedside examination showed absent nystagmus in 7 patients (21.2%), 9 patients (27.3%) had horizontal or rotatory nystagmus, 17 patients (51.5%) had a vertical or oblique nystagmus, negative HST, or “central HINTS.”Discussion and Conclusions: The 9 patients had an evoked nystagmus pathognomonic for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; in the remaining 17 cases, peripheral vestibular dysfunction could be excluded and central disorder may be suggested. Due to the prevalence of nystagmus of non-peripheral origin, a central nervous system involvement could not be excluded. However, due to the small sample size, a definite cause–effect relationship between vaccination and vertigo cannot be inferred. In light of expected third dose, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to better define possible adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine.

CONTRIBUTION OF DNA COPY-NUMBER VARIATION (CNV) TO CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY AND LARGE-SCALE GENOME ALTERATIONS IN OSTEOSARCOMA (OS)

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
I Pasic ◽  
A Shlien ◽  
A Novokmet ◽  
C Zhang ◽  
U Tabori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
International Hapmap Project

Introduction: OS, a common Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS)-associated neoplasm, is a common bone malignancy of children and adolescents. Sporadic OS is also characterized by young age of onset and high genomic instability, suggesting a genetic contribution to disease. This study examined the contribution of novel DNA structural variation elements, CNVs, to OS susceptibility. Given our finding of excessive constitutional DNA CNV in LFS patients, which often coincide with cancer-related genes, we hypothesized that constitutional CNV may also provide clues about the aetiology of LFS-related sporadic neoplasms like OS. Methods: CNV in blood DNA of 26 patients with sporadic OS was compared to that of 263 normal control samples from the International HapMap project, as well as 62 local controls. Analysis was performed on DNA hybridized to Affymetrix genome-wide human SNP array 6.0 by Partek Genomic Suite. Results: There was no detectable difference in average number of CNVs, CNV length, and total structural variation (product of average CNV number and length) between individuals with OS and controls. While this data is preliminary (small sample size), it argues against the presence of constitutional genomic instability in individuals with sporadic OS. Conclusion: We found that the majority of tumours from patients with sporadic OS show CN loss at chr3q13.31, raising the possibility that chr3q13.31 may represent a “driver” region in OS aetiology. In at least one OS tumour, which displays CN loss at chr3q13.31, we demonstrate decreased expression of a known tumour suppressor gene located at chr3q13.31. We are investigating the role ofchr3q13.31 in development of OS.

scholarly journals Questioning COVID-19 Surface Stability and Fomite Spreading in Three Aeromedical Cases: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Horoho ◽  
Stephen Musik ◽  
David Bryant ◽  
William Brooks ◽  
Ian M Porter
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Posture Analysis ◽  
Surface Stability ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

ABSTRACT It is well established that coronavirus disease 2019 is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, and there is mounting research speculation that it may also be transmitted via fomites. Several studies have shown that the virus can persist on both porous and nonporous surfaces for hours to days, depending upon the material. This article examines three cases of polymerase chain reaction–proven severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with several additional individuals meeting CDC close contact criteria. In 1 case, 195 downstream contacts were all tested to prevent a mass outbreak in a deployment posture. Analysis of these contacts yielded only a single positive test, which could be reasonably ascribed to respiratory droplet transmission. While these cases and their contacts ultimately represent a small sample size, we suggest fomite spread may not be a significant means of transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in real-world operational scenarios.

Case series: COVID-19 infection causing new-onset diabetes mellitus?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujuta Katkar ◽  
Narasa Raju Madam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Onset Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
New Onset

Objectives: This paper seeks to explore the hypothesis of the potential diabetogenic effect of SARS-COV-2 (Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus). Case series presentation: We present a case series of observation among 8 patients of age group ranging from 34 to 74 years with a BMI range of 26.61 to 53.21 Kilogram/square meters that developed new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2), commonly known as Coronavirus or COVID-19(Coronavirus infectious disease), gains entry into the cells by binding to the Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2(ACE-2) receptors located in essential metabolic tissues including the pancreas, adipose tissue, small intestine, and kidneys. The evidence reviewed from the scientific literature describes how ACE 2 receptors play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the plausible interaction of SARS-COV-2 with ACE 2 receptors in metabolic organs and tissues. Conclusion: The 8 patients without a past medical history of diabetes admitted with COVID-19 infection developed new-onset diabetes mellitus due to plausible interaction of SARS-COV-2 with ACE 2 receptors. The resulting downregulation of ACE-2 and ACE-2 receptors expression caused islet-cell damage resulting into diabetes. The resulting observation has the potential to adversely impact significant number of the globally affected population. Screening patients with COVID-19 for diabetes routinely can help in early detection, significantly reducing morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes. Due to limitations of observational study with a small sample size will require further investigation in the form of Clinical trial.

scholarly journals Review of the Studies in the Use of Biofeedback Therapy in Rehabilitation and Physiatrics of Neurological Patients

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Mozheyko ◽  
◽  
O.V. Petryaeva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Biofeedback Therapy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Drug Free

Objective of the Review: To collect information, analyse and evaluate previous studies in the use of biofeedback in neurological patients. Key Points. Despite the wide practical application and a lot of available publications, the level of evidence of this method is low because of a small sample size and the challenges with biofeedback mechanism description. A review of various types of biocontrol, its mechanisms and developments shows that drug-free therapy using only patient’s resources (organic, psychological, emotional and volitional) can activate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity, which are poorly studied. Still, it does not prevent from using biocontrol for the therapy of patients and/or prevention of various diseases in healthy population. Conclusion. Biofeedback therapy has proven to be a safe, relatively efficient and easy-to-use method. However, organisation of a large-scale double blind randomized trial is one of the predominant directions in the future. Keywords: biofeedback, biocontrol, neurofeedback, biofeedback therapy.

scholarly journals Combining Bayesian Approaches and Evolutionary Techniques for the Inference of Breast Cancer Networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Beretta ◽  
Mauro Castelli ◽  
Ivo Gonçalves ◽  
Ivan Merelli ◽  
Daniele Ramazzotti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Model Complex ◽  
Cancer Networks

AbstractGene and protein networks are very important to model complex large-scale systems in molecular biology. Inferring or reverseengineering such networks can be defined as the process of identifying gene/protein interactions from experimental data through computational analysis. However, this task is typically complicated by the enormously large scale of the unknowns in a rather small sample size. Furthermore, when the goal is to study causal relationships within the network, tools capable of overcoming the limitations of correlation networks are required. In this work, we make use of Bayesian Graphical Models to attach this problem and, specifically, we perform a comparative study of different state-of-the-art heuristics, analyzing their performance in inferring the structure of the Bayesian Network from breast cancer data.

scholarly journals Hodgkin lymphoma arising in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: outcomes from a large multi-center collaboration

Haematologica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Stephens ◽  
Ken Boucher ◽  
Elizabeth Kander ◽  
Sameer A. Parikh ◽  
Erin M. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Treatment Type

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients who develop Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have limited survival. No current therapeutic standard of care exists. We conducted a multi-center retrospective study of patients with Hodgkin Transformation (HT) of CLL. Clinicobiologic characteristics, treatment type, and survival outcomes were analyzed and compared with historic case series. Ninety-four patients were identified. Median age at HT was 67 years (range, 38-85). Median time from CLL diagnosis to HT was 5.5 years (range, 0-20.2). Prior to HT, patients received a median of 2 therapies for CLL (range, 0-12). As initial therapy for HT, 61% (n=62) received ABVD-based regimens (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine). Seven (7%) patients received hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) while in first complete remission (CR1). The median number of treatments for HT per patient was 1 (range, 0-5) with 59 (61%) patients only receiving one line of therapy. After HT, patients had a median follow-up of 1.6 years (range, 0-15.1). Two-year overall survival (OS) after HT diagnosis was 72% (95%CI 62-83%). The patients who received standard ABVD-based therapy had a median OS of 13.2 years. Although limited by small sample size, the patients who underwent HCT for HT in CR1 had a similar 2-year OS (n=7; 67%) compared to patients who did not undergo HCT for HT in CR1 (n=87; 72%; p=0.46). In this multi-center study, HT patients treated with ABVD-based regimens had prolonged survival supporting the use of these regimens as standard of care for these patients.

scholarly journals Copy number variation analysis of twin pairs discordant for cleft lip with or without cleft palate

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 205873841985587
Author(s):  
Luca Scapoli ◽  
Francesco Carinci ◽  
Annalisa Palmieri ◽  
Francesca Cura ◽  
Alessandro Baj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
High Level

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is a frequent orofacial malformation. The comparison of concordance rate observed in monozygotic and dizygotic twins supports high level of heritability and a strong genetic component. However, phenotype concordance for orofacial cleft in monozygotic twins is about 50%. The aim of the present investigation was to detect postzygotic events that may account for discordance in monozygotic twins. High-density SNP microarrays hybridization was used to genotype two pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for nsCL/P. Discordant SNP genotypes and copy number variants were analyzed to identify genetic differences responsible of phenotype discrepancy. A number of differences were observed, none involving known nsCL/P candidate genes or genomic regions. Considering the limitation of the study, related to the small sample size and to the large-scale investigation method, the results suggest that the detection of discordant events in other monozygotic twin pairs would be remarkable and warrant further investigations.

Aortic Valve Intervention During Aortic Root Surgery in Children: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-618
Author(s):  
Maria Rodriguez ◽  
Anahita Malvea ◽  
Dayre McNally ◽  
Vid Bijelic ◽  
Ming Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Aortic Root Surgery ◽  
Valve Sparing ◽  
One Year

Background: Pediatric aortic root dilatation is a life-threatening condition that lacks guidelines for surgical management. We aimed to analyze the data on aortic valve interventions during root surgery to guide decision-making. Methods: A search was performed of MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov , and WHO ICTRP. Citations were screened in duplicate and independently to identify randomized controlled trials, cohorts, and case series involving populations aged 0 to 18 years, who received valve-sparing and valve-replacing aortic root surgeries between 1999 and 2019. Outcomes considered included mortality (perioperative, one year, five year), reintervention rates. Results: After duplicate removal, 689 citations were screened through abstract and full text review, identifying five eligible studies. All five were observational studies evaluating valve-sparing procedures. There were 81 patients with a mean study age range of 9.9 to 13.9 years. Both reimplantation (74%) and remodeling (26%) subtypes were done. Range of mean duration of follow-up was 1.2 to 4.4 years. There was no mortality reported until the one-year follow-up period. The long-term mortality rate was calculated as 0.02 per patient-year (95% CI: 0.01-0.05). The long-term reintervention rate was 0.08 per patient-year (95% CI: 0.05-0.13). Conclusions: There is limited experience on aortic valve intervention during aortic root surgery in children. Single-arm studies on valve-sparing surgeries show excellent survival up to one year. Mortality and reintervention rates increase in the longer term. The small sample size and lack of controlled studies do not allow for direct comparisons between procedure types.

scholarly journals Histologic and Tomographic Findings of Bone Block Allografts in a 4 Years Follow-up: A Case Series

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Deluiz ◽  
Luciano Santos Oliveira ◽  
Paul Fletcher ◽  
Fábio Ramôa Pires ◽  
Justine Monnerat Tinoco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Bone Block ◽  
Mucogingival Surgery ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Implant Placement

Abstract The aim of this paper is to report histologic and tomographic findings of fresh frozen bone block allografts bearing dental implants in functional occlusion in a long-term follow-up. Four patients with implants functionally loaded for 4 years on augmented ridges requiring additional mucogingival surgery or implant placement were included in this case series. Cone-beam tomography scans were compared volumetrically between the baseline (first implant placement) and current images. Biopsies of the grafts were retrieved and sent to histological analysis. Volumetric reduction of the grafts varied from 2.1 to 7.7%. Histological evaluation demonstrated well-incorporated grafts with different degrees of remodeling. While data presented in this report are from a small sample size and do not allow definitive conclusions, the biopsies of the grafted sites were very similar to the host's native bone. Remodeling of the cortical portion of the allografts seems to take longer than the cancellous portion. The presence of unincorporated graft remains did not impair the implant success or the health of the surrounding tissues. This is the first time histologic and tomographic long term data of bone allograft have been made available in dentistry.

Facebook as a platform for co-creating music festival experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Hoksbergen ◽  
Andrea Insch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
On Line

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the need to understand how younger music festival-goers use and engage with a music festival’s Facebook page, and how they perceive this social networking service (SNS) as a potential on-line platform for value co-creation. Design/methodology/approach Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 young adults who attended an annual New Year’s Eve music festival, Rhythm and Vines, in Gisborne, New Zealand. Findings Analysis of the interview data revealed that the majority of participants did not actively engage with this platform and could be categorised as passive viewers or information-seekers. In addition, participants perceived five types of value from using this SNS: functional, social, emotional, interactive and aesthetic value. Even though participants were not segmented due to the small sample size, patterns in their levels of engagement with Facebook, attendance status, reasons for attending the festival and the combinations of forms of value that they perceived were identified. Research limitations/implications Future research should use a large-scale survey method to obtain a representative sample that is generalisable to a specific population of music festival-goers. Practical implications Dominance of features on Facebook providing festival-goers with functional value suggests they prefer a passive or co-optation approach to value co-creation in this context. Due to the limited extent of participants actively co-creating value on this platform, alternative means of encouraging interaction to co-create value with festival-goers should be investigated. Originality/value This study demonstrates that this SNS provides this group of young adults with a means to connect their real-time festival experience, with their on-line Facebook social network during the year.

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