Microbial Activity Response to Solar Radiation across Contrasting Environmental Conditions in Salar de Huasco, Northern Chilean Altiplano

The operating temperature of the photovoltaic module is an important issue because it is directly linked with system efficiency. The objective of this work is to evaluate temperature distribution in the photovoltaic module under different environmental conditions. The results shown that photovoltaic module operating temperature depends not only on the ambient temperature or solar radiation dependent but also depends on wind speed and wind direction. It is presented that the mounting conditions which are not taken into consideration by most of the literature models also play a significant role in heat transfer. Depends on mounting type an increase in module operating temperature in the range 10-15oC was observed which cause further PV system efficiency decrease of about 3.8-6.5 %.

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Microbial activity response to hydrogen injection in thermophilic anaerobic digesters revealed by genome-centric metatranscriptomics

Microbiome ◽

10.1186/s40168-018-0583-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Alessandra Fontana ◽

Panagiotis G. Kougias ◽

Laura Treu ◽

Adam Kovalovszki ◽

Giorgio Valle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Anaerobic Digesters ◽

Activity Response

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Neoproterozoic Carbonate Shrubs: Interplay of Microbial Activity and Unusual Environmental Conditions in Post-Snowball Earth Oceans

Palaios ◽

10.1669/0883-1351(2003)018<0378:ncsiom>2.0.co;2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (4-5) ◽

pp. 378-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M. L. FRAISER ◽

F. A. CORSETTI

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Snowball Earth

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Microbial activity in soils under mediterranean environmental conditions

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0038-0717(94)90142-2 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1185-1191 ◽

Cited By ~ 182

Author(s):

C GARCIA ◽

T HERNANDEZ ◽

F COSTA

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Environmental Conditions

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Technical Note: Particulate reactive oxygen species concentrations and their association with environmental conditions in an urban, subtropical climate

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ◽

10.5194/acpd-14-5061-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 5061-5080

Author(s):

S. S. Khurshid ◽

J. A. Siegel ◽

K. A. Kinney

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Technical Note ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

The Us

Abstract. Reactions between hydrocarbons and ozone or hydroxyl radicals lead to the formation of oxidized species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the troposphere. ROS can be carried deep into the lungs by small aerodynamic particles where they can cause oxidative stress and cell damage. While environmental studies have focused on ROS in the gas-phase and rainwater, it is also important to determine concentrations of ROS on respirable particles. Samples of PM2.5 collected over 3 h at midday on 40 days during November 2011 and September 2012 show that the particulate ROS concentration in Austin, Texas ranged from a minimum value of 0.02 nmol H2O2 (m3 air)−1 in December to 3.81 nmol H2O2 (m3 air)−1 in September. Results from correlation tests and linear regression analysis on particulate ROS concentrations and environmental conditions (which included ozone and PM2.5 concentrations, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and solar radiation) indicate that ambient particulate ROS is significantly influenced by the ambient ozone concentration, temperature and incident solar radiation. Particulate ROS concentrations measured in this study were in the range reported by other studies in the US, Taiwan and Singapore. This study is one of the first to assess seasonal variations in particulate ROS concentrations and helps explain the influence of environmental conditions on particulate ROS concentrations.

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Bio-inspired Parametric Design for Adaptive Stadium Façades

Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building - Conference Series ◽

10.5130/ajceb-cs.v2i2.3886 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jong Jin Park ◽

Bharat Dave

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Parametric Design ◽

Dynamic Interaction ◽

Living Systems ◽

Compound Eyes ◽

The Sun ◽

Adaptive Architecture ◽

Building Envelop ◽

Building Facades

The challenge of developing sustainable, adaptive architecture requires unconventional approaches to innovative knowledge about composition and dynamic interaction between building façades and environmental conditions. These approaches are often inspired by biology, its complex fine-tuned behaviour and integration of living systems. This paper proposes a system inspired from the optics of reflecting superposition compound eyes to create responsive façade structures that capture and distribute daylight within a building in response to the movement of the sun. This is investigated using the parametric reshaping of a building envelop as part of solar radiation and target ray simulations. The prototype façade system is capable of adapting to different functional needs, locations, times of the day, and other contextual conditions.Keywords: Biomimetics, kinetic/adaptive façades, reflecting superposition compound eyes

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Cultivo de Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) en fotobiorreactor tubular doblemente curvado a condiciones ambientales en el sur del Perú

Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología ◽

10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v17n1.50679 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 143-150

Author(s):

Ronald Eleazar Huarachi Olivera ◽

Ursulo Avelino Yapo Pari ◽

Alex Paul Dueñas Gonza ◽

Jose Condori Huamanga ◽

David Pacheco Salazar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Arthrospira Platensis ◽

High Radiation ◽

Tubular Photobioreactor ◽

Irregular Shapes ◽

High Solar Radiation ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Doubly Curved ◽

Transparent Tube

Título en ingles: Cultivation of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) in curved doubly tubular photobioreactor to environmental conditions in the South of the PeruTítulo corto: Cultivo de Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) en fotobiorreactorResumen: El presente trabajo investigó el cultivo de la microalga Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) en valores de productividad cultivado en fotobiorreactor tubular doblemente curvado a condiciones ambientales con el fin de aprovechar la alta radiación solar de la región Arequipa en el sur de Perú (16°24´50´´ LS; 71°32´02´´ LO; 2344 msnm). El fotobiorreactor fue construido con un tubo transparente de policloruro de vinilo (PVC). La productividad del cultivo fue de 13.9 g/m2 en 14 días ó 1 g/m2/día y una concentración de clorofila - “a” de 0.00785 mg/L con una máxima radiación de 1179 W/m2, y una iluminación de 121500 lux, convirtiendo sus filamentos helicoidales a morfologías anormales, tales como formas irregulares curvas e incluso lineales con fragmentaciones, demostrando que el cultivo se vio afectado por la alta radiación y las variaciones de temperaturas de Arequipa.Palabras clave: cultivo, fotobiorreactor, productividad, sur de Perú, Spirulina.Abstract: The present work investigated the cultivation of microalgae Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) in productivity values cultivated in doubly curved tubular photobioreactor to environmental conditions in order to take advantage of the high solar radiation of the Arequipa region in southern Peru (16°24´50´´ LS; 71°32´02´´LW; 2344 msnm.). The photobioreactor was built with a transparent tube of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The productivity of the crop was 13.9 g/m2 in 14 days or 1 g/m2/day and a concentration of chlorophyll - "a" 0.00785 mg/L with a maximum radiation of 1179 W/m2, and a 121500 lux illumination, making its helical filaments abnormal morphologies, such as curves and linear even irregular shapes with fragmentation, demonstrating that the crop was affected by high radiation and variations in temperatures of Arequipa.Key words: culture, photobioreactor, productivity, South of Peru, Spirulina.Recibido: enero 22 de 2015 Aprobado: abril 22 de 2015

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Finnsheep and their crosses under subtropical conditions

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72323 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 473-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. M. Aboul-Naga

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Near East ◽

Health Problems ◽

The Other ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Tail ◽

East Region ◽

Total Fat

Finnsheep (F) have been introduced to eight countries in the subtropical Near East region over the last two decades. Those trials aiming at breeding pure F under the subtropical conditions were generally not successful. Pure F faced problems of adaptability to the subtropical environmental conditions, however, bad management and some health problems (especially Pneumonia) contributed significantly to the failure of some trials. On the other hand, crossbreeding trials with F in the region were generally successful. F-crosses proved to be well adapted to heat stress and exposure to solar radiation compared with the local breeds. Number of lambs born/ewe lambed was improved in F-crosses, as compared to local breeds, by 18—75 %in the first cross and 10—38 % in the 1/4 F. F-crossbred ewes showed encouraging results in their ability to breed more than once/year, especially those with lower F-blood (1/4 F). Number of lambs born/ewe/year in accelerated lambing systems ranged from 1.91 to 2.72 in the first cross and from 1.67 to 2.18 in 1/4 F either in experimental farms or at the producers. Crossing fat tail sheep with F substantially decreased fat in the tail of the crossbreeds, while it increased significantly internal fat and total fat percentage in the carcass.

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Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

Frontiers in Environmental Science ◽

10.3389/fenvs.2020.516301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Takashi Asaeda ◽

Md Harun Rashid ◽

Jonas Schoelynck

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Native Species ◽

Water Flow Velocity ◽

High Solar Radiation ◽

Japanese Rivers

In recent years, an invasive macrophyte, Egeria densa, has overwhelmingly colonized some midstream reaches of Japanese rivers. This study was designed to determine how E. densa has been able to colonize these areas and to assess the environmental conditions that limit or even prevent colonization. Invasive species (E. densa and Elodea nuttallii), and Japanese native species (Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispuss) were kept in experimental tanks and a flume with different environmental conditions. Tissue hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations were measured responding to either individual or multiple environmental factors of light intensity, water temperature, and water flow velocity. In addition, plants were sampled in rivers across Japan, and environmental conditions were measured. The H2O2 concentration increased in parallel to the increment of unpreferable levels of each abiotic factor, and the trend was independent of other factors. The total H2O2 concentration is provided by the sum of contribution of each factor. Under increased total H2O2 concentration, plants first started to decrease in chlorophyll concentration, then reduce their growth rate, and subsequently reduce their biomass. The H2O2 concentration threshold, beyond which degradation is initiated, was between 15 and 20 µmol/gFW regardless of the environmental factors. These results highlight the potential efficacy of total H2O2 concentration as a proxy for the overall environmental condition. In Japanese rivers, major environmental factors limiting macrophyte colonization were identified as water temperature, high solar radiation, and flow velocity. The relationship between the unpreferable levels of these factors and H2O2 concentration was empirically obtained for these species. Then a mathematical model was developed to predict the colonization area of these species with environmental conditions. The tissue H2O2 concentration decreases with increasing temperature for E. densa and increases for other species, including native species. Therefore, native species grow intensively in spring; however, they often deteriorate in summer. For E. densa, on the other hand, H2O2 concentration decreases with high water temperature in summer, allowing intensive growth. High solar radiation increases the H2O2 concentration, deteriorating the plant. Although the H2O2 concentration of E. densa increases with low water temperature in winter, it can survive in deep water with low H2O2 concentration due to diffused solar radiation. Currently, river rehabilitation has created a deep zone in the channel, which supports the growth and spreading of E. densa.

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Quality attributes during maturation of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ apples grown in two geographical regions with different environmental conditions

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49112241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 12241

Author(s):

Francisco J. MOLINA-CORRAL ◽

Miguel ESPINO-DÍAZ ◽

Juan L. JACOBO ◽

Scott D. MATTINSON ◽

John K. FELLMAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Ripening Stage ◽

Degree Days ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Golden Delicious

Apples have distinctive quality attributes that may be defined by environmental conditions of the geographical regions where fruits are cultivated, such as temperature, solar radiation, photoperiod, and photothermic units. A three-year study was conducted to compare ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ apples from two different regions, Washington, USA (WA) and Chihuahua, Mexico (CHIH). Apple samples were harvested weekly from early August to late October (~120-180 days after full bloom - DAFB), and analysed for quality parameters. Geographic environmental data were obtained, and photoperiod, solar radiation, degree-days and photothermal units were calculated. Results show quality differences between CHIH and WA apples. WA shows a ~5-week delay in apple bloom, possibly due to the lower temperatures presented in WA. Apples from both regions required the same photoperiod, ~ 2,222 h, to attain the beginning of the ripening stage, which took more days (three weeks) for CHIH apples, most likely attributed to the higher elevation of CHIH orchards (2,062 vs. 763 masl). The main distinctive quality differences found between WA and CHIH apples were firmness and aroma volatile compounds. CHIH apples presented substantially higher amounts of aroma compounds. WA apples showed greater firmness, probably due to lower photothermal units. Using all firmness data (both varieties, both growing zones) a remarkable correlation was found between firmness and photothermal units (R=0.89), which may suggest firmness could be improved by the manipulation of degree days and photoperiod, that is, temperature and light.

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