scholarly journals Cultivo de Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) en fotobiorreactor tubular doblemente curvado a condiciones ambientales en el sur del Perú

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Ronald Eleazar Huarachi Olivera ◽  
Ursulo Avelino Yapo Pari ◽  
Alex Paul Dueñas Gonza ◽  
Jose Condori Huamanga ◽  
David Pacheco Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
High Radiation ◽  
Tubular Photobioreactor ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Doubly Curved ◽  
Transparent Tube

<p><strong>Título en ingles: Cultivation of <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> (Spirulina) in curved</strong> <strong>doubly tubular photobioreactor to environmental conditions in the South of the Peru</strong><strong></strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Título corto: </strong><strong>Cultivo de <em>Arthrospira platensis </em>(Spirulina) en fotobiorreactor</strong></p><p><strong>Resumen: </strong>El presente trabajo investigó el cultivo de la microalga <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> (Spirulina) en valores de productividad cultivado en fotobiorreactor tubular doblemente curvado a condiciones ambientales con el fin de aprovechar la alta radiación solar de la región Arequipa en el sur de Perú (16°24´50´´ LS; 71°32´02´´ LO; 2344 msnm). El fotobiorreactor fue construido con un tubo transparente de policloruro de vinilo  (PVC). La productividad del cultivo fue de 13.9 g/m<sup>2</sup> en 14 días ó 1 g/m<sup>2</sup>/día y una concentración de clorofila - “a” de 0.00785 mg/L con una máxima radiación de 1179 W/m<sup>2</sup>, y una iluminación de 121500 lux, convirtiendo sus filamentos helicoidales a morfologías anormales, tales como formas irregulares curvas e incluso lineales con fragmentaciones, demostrando que el cultivo se vio afectado por la alta radiación y las variaciones de  temperaturas de Arequipa.</p><p><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> cultivo, fotobiorreactor, productividad, sur de Perú, Spirulina.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The present work investigated the cultivation of microalgae <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> (Spirulina) in productivity values cultivated in doubly curved tubular photobioreactor to environmental conditions in order to take advantage of the high solar radiation of the Arequipa region in southern Peru (16°24´50´´ LS; 71°32´02´´LW; 2344 msnm.). The photobioreactor was built with a transparent tube of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The productivity of the crop was 13.9 g/m<sup>2</sup> in 14 days or 1 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day and a concentration of chlorophyll - "a" 0.00785 mg/L with a maximum radiation of 1179 W/m<sup>2</sup>, and a 121500 lux illumination, making its helical filaments abnormal morphologies, such as curves and linear even irregular shapes with fragmentation, demonstrating that the crop was affected by high radiation and variations in temperatures of Arequipa.</p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> culture, photobioreactor, productivity, South of Peru, Spirulina.</p><p><strong>Recibido:</strong> enero 22 de 2015<strong>  Aprobado: </strong>abril 22 de 2015</p>

scholarly journals Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Asaeda ◽  
Md Harun Rashid ◽  
Jonas Schoelynck
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Japanese Rivers

In recent years, an invasive macrophyte, Egeria densa, has overwhelmingly colonized some midstream reaches of Japanese rivers. This study was designed to determine how E. densa has been able to colonize these areas and to assess the environmental conditions that limit or even prevent colonization. Invasive species (E. densa and Elodea nuttallii), and Japanese native species (Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispuss) were kept in experimental tanks and a flume with different environmental conditions. Tissue hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations were measured responding to either individual or multiple environmental factors of light intensity, water temperature, and water flow velocity. In addition, plants were sampled in rivers across Japan, and environmental conditions were measured. The H2O2 concentration increased in parallel to the increment of unpreferable levels of each abiotic factor, and the trend was independent of other factors. The total H2O2 concentration is provided by the sum of contribution of each factor. Under increased total H2O2 concentration, plants first started to decrease in chlorophyll concentration, then reduce their growth rate, and subsequently reduce their biomass. The H2O2 concentration threshold, beyond which degradation is initiated, was between 15 and 20 µmol/gFW regardless of the environmental factors. These results highlight the potential efficacy of total H2O2 concentration as a proxy for the overall environmental condition. In Japanese rivers, major environmental factors limiting macrophyte colonization were identified as water temperature, high solar radiation, and flow velocity. The relationship between the unpreferable levels of these factors and H2O2 concentration was empirically obtained for these species. Then a mathematical model was developed to predict the colonization area of these species with environmental conditions. The tissue H2O2 concentration decreases with increasing temperature for E. densa and increases for other species, including native species. Therefore, native species grow intensively in spring; however, they often deteriorate in summer. For E. densa, on the other hand, H2O2 concentration decreases with high water temperature in summer, allowing intensive growth. High solar radiation increases the H2O2 concentration, deteriorating the plant. Although the H2O2 concentration of E. densa increases with low water temperature in winter, it can survive in deep water with low H2O2 concentration due to diffused solar radiation. Currently, river rehabilitation has created a deep zone in the channel, which supports the growth and spreading of E. densa.

scholarly journals The Potential of Solar Air Heating in the Turkish Industrial Sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Balázs Bokor ◽  
Hacer Akhan ◽  
Dogan Eryener ◽  
László Kajtár
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Mathematical Correlation

Transpired solar collector (TSC) systems are simple solutions for the preheating of ventilation air with solar energy. Their performance is a function of several environmental factors, so the climatic conditions of the location play an important role. In this paper, the effect of different climatic zones on the thermal performance of the TSC is investigated. To exclude other sources of influence, the same reference industrial building is examined in four Turkish locations (Antalya, Istanbul, Ankara and Sivas) representing different climatic conditions. RETScreen simulation is carried out for all four regions to obtain the drop of conventional heating requirement in case absorber azimuth of 0°, 45° and 90°. To illustrate the performance, temperature rise, heating energy savings and annual solar fraction are presented. Generally, it can be stated that a location with cold climate and high solar radiation at the same time benefits most from the use of a TSC system. A mathematical correlation has been found showing the solar fraction's dependence on solar radiation and heating degree days. Finally, simulation results have been compared to a set of measurement data from an industrial building's TSC system near Istanbul.

scholarly journals Exposure to high solar radiation reduces self-regulated exercise intensity in the heat outdoors

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Otani ◽  
Mitsuharu Kaya ◽  
Akira Tamaki ◽  
Heita Goto ◽  
Ronald J. Maughan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Solar Radiation

scholarly journals An analysis of temperature distribution in solar photovoltaic module under various environmental conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 04004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Jaszczur ◽  
Qusay Hassan ◽  
Janusz Teneta ◽  
Ewelina Majewska ◽  
Marcin Zych
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Pv System

The operating temperature of the photovoltaic module is an important issue because it is directly linked with system efficiency. The objective of this work is to evaluate temperature distribution in the photovoltaic module under different environmental conditions. The results shown that photovoltaic module operating temperature depends not only on the ambient temperature or solar radiation dependent but also depends on wind speed and wind direction. It is presented that the mounting conditions which are not taken into consideration by most of the literature models also play a significant role in heat transfer. Depends on mounting type an increase in module operating temperature in the range 10-15oC was observed which cause further PV system efficiency decrease of about 3.8-6.5 %.

The Effect on a Residential Thermal Environment of an Openable Toplight under Conditions of High Solar Radiation

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-376
Author(s):  
Huamei Zheng ◽  
Kazuo Emura ◽  
Yoshikazu Nakane ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Makoto Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
High Solar Radiation

scholarly journals Destruction of chlorophyll in emerging seedlings of spring barley associated with environmental stresses

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kůdela ◽  
B. Voženílková ◽  
R. Krejzarová ◽  
V. Krejzar ◽  
M. Janouch
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
High Solar Radiation

An unusual disorder occurred on spring barley seedlings in southern and central Bohemia in April 2005. Affected seedlings showed conspicuous bleached or straw-coloured areas on tips of the first leaves. There were very sharp, distinct, horizontal boundaries between the green basal and discoloured tip parts of the leaves. It was remarkable that these boundaries were at the same position on all affected first leaves of seedlings from the same field. Affected seedlings were randomly distributed in the fields, and their incidence ranged from about 20&nbsp;to 70% according to location. Based on meteorological data it can be concluded that the colour abnormality in emerging seedlings was associated with specific environmental stresses, being effective in certain chronological order on sensitive plant tissues during the period from 6 to 8 days after seeding. These stresses include frosty mornings followed by clear days with high solar radiation with a high UV Index.

scholarly journals Assessing the Solar Radiation Quantity of High-Rise Residential Areas in Typical Layout Patterns: A Case in North-East China

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Ming Lu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jun Xing ◽  
Wenda Ma
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
High Rise ◽  
North East ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Typical Layout ◽  
The Relationship

With the development of energy-saving and emission-reduction, solar energy as a clean energy with excellent characteristics has bright prospects for development and application in residential environment with high energy consumption. With the intensification of land use, there are more and more high-rise residential areas in the city. If the residential construction becomes more compact, the solar radiation of the buildings will be in loss. Therefore, there may exist some restrictive relationship between the residential layout patterns and the solar radiation quantity. Through the multiple response frequency analysis method of SPSS, the study summarizes three typical high-rise residential layout patterns, which are parallel determinant, non-parallel determinant and three-sided enclosure. The Autodesk Ecotect is used to simulate the solar radiation quantity of each building roof and south facade. Last, obtain the relationship between the residential layout index and the solar radiation quantity. The results show that there actually exists certain correlativity between solar radiation quantity and floor area ratio, building density and building height; meanwhile, each annual solar radiation quantity changed by residential layout index has its own variable curve. The results also indicate that three-sided enclosure layout pattern has greater solar radiation potential than parallel determinant and non-parallel determinant. By summarizing the corresponding conclusions, the optimal mode of high-rise settlements with high solar radiation is explored, which can provide reference for further residential planning.

Rice Responses to Nitrogen Under High Solar Radiation and Intermittent Flooding in Peru 1

1973 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Sanchez ◽  
G. E. Ramirez ◽  
M. V. Calderon
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
High Solar Radiation

Impact of climatic conditions on fumonisins in maize grown in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Udovicki ◽  
I. Djekic ◽  
S. Stankovic ◽  
A. Obradovic ◽  
A. Rajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Low Precipitation

The influence of climatic conditions on the levels of fumonisins in maize grown in Serbia was studied over eight years (2008 to 2015), investigating the possible relationship between the levels of fumonisins contamination in maize in relation to registered weather/climatic conditions. Presence of these mycotoxins in maize after harvest was evaluated based on climatic conditions within two periods: 10 days before and 10 days after 50% silking. Categories of fumonisins levels were transformed into classes. Chi-square test for association was used in analysing relationships between results of fumonisins levels and calendar years. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare differences between meteorological data of two subsets in years with high and low fumonisins level. There was a statistically significant association between the fumonisins levels and calendar years χ2=247.954; (P<0.05). This study identified low precipitation and low humidity combined with high solar radiation as a critical parameter combination for elevated levels of fumonisins. The statistically significant difference in relation to some of the examined parameters suggests that maize in Serbian agro-climatic conditions is more susceptible to fungal colonisation, and subsequent fumonisin production in the period of 10 days before 50% silking.

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