scholarly journals Aminoglycoside Resistance and Possible Mechanisms in Campylobacter Spp. Isolated From Chicken and Swine in Jiangsu, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Mengjun Tang ◽  
Junhua Pu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
Genomic Dnas ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes ◽  
Sequence Types

Campylobacter is a major food-borne pathogen in humans, and previous studies reported a high prevalence of gentamicin-resistant Campylobacter isolates from food-producing animals in China. This study aimed to investigate the aminoglycoside resistance of Campylobacter isolated from chicken and swine in Jiangsu province, China and understand the possible mechanisms responsible for aminoglycoside resistance. One hundred and eighty-five Campylobacter isolates of chicken and swine origins in 2017 and 2018 were analyzed for gentamicin and kanamycin resistance. Some aminoglycoside resistance genes were selected for PCR detection in all strains. The genomic DNAs of two strains with high resistance to gentamicin were used as donors to subject C. jejuni NCTC11168 to natural transformation. The transformants were investigated by whole-genome sequencing and analyzed comparatively with C. jejuni NCTC11168. In total, 30.5% (29/95) of C. jejuni isolates and 42.2% (38/90) of C. coli isolates were resistant to gentamicin and kanamycin. The prevalence of the aph(2")-If gene and aac(6')-Ie/aph(2")-Ia gene was 65.4% (121/185) and 36.2% (67/185) in Campylobacter isolates, respectively. The aadE-sat4-aphA-3 cluster was identified in 8.7% (8/92) and 20.4% (19/93) of all Campylobacter isolates in each year. With each donor DNA, aminoglycoside-resistant transformants were obtained. The transformants showed ≥128-fold increases in the MICs of gentamicin, kanamycin, and tobramycin. A 5200-bp segment was found to be inserted between the highly conserved genes Cj0299 and panB of Campylobacter. A total of 9.7% (18/185) strains showing high resistance to aminoglycosides had this segment by PCR detection. The genetic diversity of the insertion-fragment positive strains was determined by MLST, and seven sequence types were identified for these strains.

PCR detection of aminoglycoside resistance genes: a rapid molecular typing method for Acinetobacter baumannii

1999 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Noppe-Leclercq ◽  
Frédéric Wallet ◽  
Stephanie Haentjens ◽  
René Courcol ◽  
Michel Simonet
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Molecular Typing Method ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Identification of a Novel Genomic Island Conferring Resistance to Multiple Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Campylobacter coli

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 5332-5339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangshang Qin ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Qijing Zhang ◽  
Xia Chen ◽  
Zhangqi Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes

ABSTRACTHistorically, the incidence of gentamicin resistance inCampylobacterhas been very low, but recent studies reported a high prevalence of gentamicin-resistantCampylobacterisolated from food-producing animals in China. The reason for the high prevalence was unknown and was addressed in this study. PCR screening identified aminoglycoside resistance genesaphA-3andaphA-7and theaadE–sat4–aphA-3cluster among 41Campylobacterisolates from broiler chickens. Importantly, a novel genomic island carrying multiple aminoglycoside resistance genes was identified in 26 aminoglycoside resistantCampylobacter colistrains. Sequence analysis revealed that the genomic island was inserted betweencadFandCOO1582on theC. colichromosome and consists of 14 open reading frames (ORFs), including 6 genes (theaadE–sat4–aphA-3cluster,aacA-aphD,aac, andaadE) encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing indicated that theC. coliisolates carrying this unique genomic island were clonal, and the clone of PFGE subtype III and sequence type (ST) 1625 was particularly predominant among theC. coliisolates examined, suggesting that clonal expansion may be involved in dissemination of this resistance island. Additionally, we were able to transfer this genomic island fromC. colito aCampylobacter jejunistrain using natural transformation under laboratory conditions, and the transfer resulted in a drastic increase in aminoglycoside resistance in the recipient strain. These findings identify a previously undescribed genomic island that confers resistance to multiple aminoglycoside antibiotics. Since aminoglycoside antibiotics are used for treating occasional systemic infections caused byCampylobacter, the emergence and spread of this antibiotic resistance genomic island represent a potential concern for public health.

scholarly journals Listeriosis Cases and Genetic Diversity of Their L. monocytogenes Isolates in China, 2008–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghuai Lu ◽  
Junwen Yang ◽  
Chunyan Gao ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yanchao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Neonatal Infections ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nationwide Surveillance ◽  
Sequence Types

Listeriosis, caused by Listeria monocytogenes, is a severe food-borne infection. The nationwide surveillance in China concerning listeriosis is urgently needed. In the present study, 144 L. monocytogenes isolates were collected from the samples of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and fetal membrane/placenta in China for 12 years from 2008 to 2019. We summarized these listeriosis patients’ demographical and clinical features and outcomes. The susceptibility profile for 12 antibiotics was also determined by the broth microdilution method. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and serogroups of these listeria isolates were analyzed to designate epidemiological types. We enrolled 144 cases from 29 healthcare centers, including 96 maternal-neonatal infections, 33 cases of bacteremia, 13 cases of neurolisteriosis, and two cutaneous listeriosis. There were 31 (59.6%) fetal loss in 52 pregnant women and four (9.8%) neonatal death in 41 newborns. Among the 48 nonmaternal-neonatal cases, 12.5% (6/48) died, 41.7% (20/48) were female, and 64.6% (31/48) occurred in those with significant comorbidities. By MLST, the strains were distinguished into 23 individual sequence types (STs). The most prevalent ST was ST87 (49 isolates, 34.0%), followed by ST1 (18, 12.5%), ST8 (10, 6.9%), ST619 (9, 6.3%), ST7 (7, 4.9%) and ST3 (7, 4.9%). Furthermore, all L. monocytogenes isolates were uniformly susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, and meropenem. In summary, our study highlights a high genotypic diversity of L. monocytogenes strains causing clinical listeriosis in China. Furthermore, a high prevalence of ST87 and ST1 in the listeriosis should be noted.

Inhibition of Bacterial Biofilm Formation by Phytotherapeutics with Focus on Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 2807-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Su Jang ◽  
Tímea Mosolygó
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Scientific Attention

: Bacteria within biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics and chemical agents than planktonic bacteria in suspension. Treatment of biofilm-associated infections inevitably involves high dosages and prolonged courses of antimicrobial agents; therefore, there is a potential risk of the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Due to the high prevalence of AMR and its association with biofilm formation, investigation of more effective anti-biofilm agents is required. : From ancient times, herbs and spices have been used to preserve foods, and their antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing properties are well known. Moreover, phytochemicals exert their anti-biofilm properties at sub-inhibitory concentrations without providing the opportunity for the emergence of resistant bacteria or harming the host microbiota. : With increasing scientific attention to natural phytotherapeutic agents, numerous experimental investigations have been conducted in recent years. The present paper aims to review the articles published in the last decade in order to summarize a) our current understanding of AMR in correlation with biofilm formation and b) the evidence of phytotherapeutic agents against bacterial biofilms and their mechanisms of action. The main focus has been put on herbal anti-biofilm compounds tested to date in association with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and food-borne pathogens (Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli).

scholarly journals Presence of β-Lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and Salmonella Isolates in Marine Mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5905
Author(s):  
Olivia M. Grünzweil ◽  
Lauren Palmer ◽  
Adriana Cabal ◽  
Michael P. Szostak ◽  
Werner Ruppitsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Lactamase Gene ◽  
Sequence Types

Marine mammals have been described as sentinels of the health of marine ecosystems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate (i) the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, which comprise several bacterial families important to the healthcare sector, as well as (ii) the presence of Salmonella in these coastal animals. The antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotypes, as well as biocide susceptibility of Enterobacterales isolated from stranded marine mammals, were determined prior to their rehabilitation. All E. coli isolates (n = 27) were screened for virulence genes via DNA-based microarray, and twelve selected E. coli isolates were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. Seventy-one percent of the Enterobacterales isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pheno- and genotype. The gene blaCMY (n = 51) was the predominant β-lactamase gene. In addition, blaTEM-1 (n = 38), blaSHV-33 (n = 8), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 7), blaOXA-1 (n = 7), blaSHV-11 (n = 3), and blaDHA-1 (n = 2) were detected. The most prevalent non-β-lactamase genes were sul2 (n = 38), strA (n = 34), strB (n = 34), and tet(A) (n = 34). Escherichia coli isolates belonging to the pandemic sequence types (STs) ST38, ST167, and ST648 were identified. Among Salmonella isolates (n = 18), S. Havana was the most prevalent serotype. The present study revealed a high prevalence of MDR bacteria and the presence of pandemic high-risk clones, both of which are indicators of anthropogenic antimicrobial pollution, in marine mammals.

scholarly journals High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance in Human Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex Isolates and Characteristics of armA-Carrying IncHI5 Plasmids

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueya Zhang ◽  
Qiaoling Li ◽  
Hailong Lin ◽  
Wangxiao Zhou ◽  
Changrui Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Genomic Analysis ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes ◽  
High Level

Aminoglycosides are important options for treating life-threatening infections. However, high levels of aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates have been observed to be increasing frequently. In this study, a total of 292 isolates of the K. pneumoniae complex from a teaching hospital in China were analyzed. Among these isolates, the percentage of HLAR strains was 13.7% (40/292), and 15 aminoglycoside resistance genes were identified among the HLAR strains, with rmtB being the most dominant resistance gene (70%, 28/40). We also described an armA-carrying Klebsiella variicola strain KP2757 that exhibited a high-level resistance to all aminoglycosides tested. Whole-genome sequencing of KP2757 demonstrated that the strain contained one chromosome and three plasmids, with all the aminoglycoside resistance genes (including two copies of armA and six AME genes) being located on a conjugative plasmid, p2757-346, belonging to type IncHI5. Comparative genomic analysis of eight IncHI5 plasmids showed that six of them carried two copies of the intact armA gene in the complete or truncated Tn1548 transposon. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we observed that two copies of armA together with six AME genes coexisted on the same plasmid in a strain of K. variicola with HLAR. Comparative genomic analysis of eight armA-carrying IncHI5 plasmids isolated from humans and sediment was performed, suggesting the potential for dissemination of these plasmids among bacteria from different sources. These results demonstrated the necessity of monitoring the prevalence of IncHI5 plasmids to restrict their worldwide dissemination.

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