scholarly journals Microbiome of Field Grown Hemp Reveals Potential Microbial Interactions With Root and Rhizosphere Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulbul Ahmed ◽  
Lawrence B. Smart ◽  
Mohamed Hijri
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Sequence Variant ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Potential Core ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Core Microbiota

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a crop bred and grown for the production of fiber, grain, and floral extracts that contribute to health and wellness. Hemp plants interact with a myriad of microbiota inhabiting the phyllosphere, endosphere, rhizoplane, and rhizosphere. These microbes offer many ecological services, particularly those of below ground biotopes which are involved in nutrient cycling, uptake, and alleviating biotic and abiotic stress. The microbiota communities of the hemp rhizosphere in the field are not well documented. To discover core microbiota associated with field grown hemp, we cultivated single C. sativa cultivar, “TJ’s CBD,” in six different fields in New York and sampled hemp roots and their rhizospheric soil. We used Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing targeting 16S ribosomal DNA of bacteria and ITS of fungi to study microbial community structure of hemp roots and rhizospheres. We found that Planctobacteria and Ascomycota dominated the taxonomic composition of hemp associated microbial community. We identified potential core microbiota in each community (bacteria: eight bacterial amplicon sequence variant – ASV, identified as Gimesia maris, Pirellula sp. Lacipirellula limnantheis, Gemmata sp. and unclassified Planctobacteria; fungi: three ASVs identified as Fusarium oxysporum, Gibellulopsis piscis, and Mortierella minutissima). We found 14 ASVs as hub taxa [eight bacterial ASVs (BASV) in the root, and four bacterial and two fungal ASVs in the rhizosphere soil], and 10 BASV connected the root and rhizosphere soil microbiota to form an extended microbial communication in hemp. The only hub taxa detected in both the root and rhizosphere soil microbiota was ASV37 (Caulifigura coniformis), a bacterial taxon. The core microbiota and Network hub taxa can be studied further for biocontrol activities and functional investigations in the formulation of hemp bioinoculants. This study documented the microbial diversity and community structure of hemp grown in six fields, which could contribute toward the development of bioinoculants for hemp that could be used in organic farming.

scholarly journals Enhanced Nutrient Uptake in Side-Row Maize and Improved Microbial Community Diversity in Wide-Strip Intercropping of Maize and Peanut

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Zhao ◽  
Qiqi Dong ◽  
Yi Han ◽  
Kezhao Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Wide Strip

Abstract Background: Intercropping, a diversified planting pattern is currently the subject of major global research, but uncertainty remains about the rhizosphere interaction of intercropped maize and peanut, which increases nitrogen uptake. We explored the changes in soil physicochemical properties, nutrient uptake and use, and microbial community structure in wide-strip intercropped maize and peanut. Results: The results from three treatments, sole maize (SM), sole peanut (SP) and intercropping of maize and peanut (IMP), showed that intercropping maize (IM) had a marginal advantage and that the nutrient content of roots, stems and grains in side-row maize was better than that of middle intercropping maize (MIM) and SM. And the yield of intercropped maize was higher than sole cropping. Compared with SM and SP, the soil nitrogen content (TN) in IM and intercropping peanut (IP) was lower and increased the soil enzyme activities of nitrate reeducates (NR) and peroxidase (POD), showing a significant negative correlation with soil TN. And decreased the soil enzymes activities of Pro and DHO, showing a positively correlation with soil TN. The diversity and richness of bacteria and fungi was decreased in IM rhizosphere soil, however, that richness of fungi was increased in IP rhizosphere soil. The RB41, Candidatus-udaeobacter, Stropharia, Fusarium and Penicillium were correlated with soil enzyme activity. In addition, intercropping enriched the functional diversity of bacterial community and reduced the pathogenic fungi. Conclusion: IMP changed the rhizosphere soil bacterial and fungal community structure and composition, enriched nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the IP rhizosphere soil, promoted the nitrogen content of IM and provided a scientific basis for promoting IMP in northeastern China.

scholarly journals Effect ofBacillus velezensis JC-K3 on Endophytic Bacterial and Fungal Diversity in Wheat Under Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ji ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
Qisheng Zhou ◽  
Chaohui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Salt Damage ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can effectively reduce salt damage in plants. Currently, there are many studies on the effects of PGPB on the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil under salt stress, but fewer studies on the community structure of endophytic bacteria and fungi. We propose that inoculation of endophytic bacteria into the rhizosphere of plants can significantly affect the microbial community structure of the plant’s above-ground and underground parts, which may be the cause of the plant’s “Induced Systemic Tolerance.” The isolated endophytes were re-inoculated into the rhizosphere under salinity stress. We found that, compared with the control group, inoculation with endophytic Bacillus velezensis JC-K3 not only increased the accumulation of wheat biomass, but also increased the content of soluble sugar and chlorophyll in wheat, and reduced the absorption of Na in wheat shoots and leaves. The abundance of bacterial communities in shoots and leaves increased and the abundance of fungal communities decreased after inoculation with JC-K3. The fungal community richness of wheat rhizosphere soil was significantly increased. The diversity of bacterial communities in shoots and leaves increased, and the richness of fungal communities decreased. JC-K3 strain improved wheat’s biomass accumulation ability, osmotic adjustment ability, and ion selective absorption ability. In addition, JC-K3 significantly altered the diversity and abundance of endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms in wheat. PGPB can effectively reduce plant salt damage. At present, there are many studies on the effect of PGPB on the microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil under salt stress, but there are few studies on the community structure changes of endophytic bacteria and fungi in plants.

scholarly journals Impact of salt and exogenous AM inoculation on indigenous microbial community structure in the rhizosphere of dioecious plant, Populus cathayana

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wu ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Ming Tang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Inoculation Treatment

AbstractThe sex-specific physical and biochemical responses in dioecious plants to abiotic stresses could result in gender imbalance, and how to ease the current situation by microorganisms is still unclear. Using native soil where poplars were grown, growth parameters, soil physicochemical properties in the rhizosphere soil of different sexes of Populus cathayana exposed to salt stress and exogenous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation were tested. Besides, the sex-specific microbial community structures in the rhizosphere soil of different sexes of Populus cathayana were compared under salt stress. To identify the sex-specific microbial community characteristics related to salinity and AM symbiosis, a combined qPCR and DGGE method was used to monitor microbial community diversity. Seedlings suffered severe pressure by salt stress, reflected in limited growth, biomass, and nutrient element accumulation, especially on females. Exogenous AM inoculation treatment alleviated these negative effects, especially under salt treatment of 75 mM. Compared with salt effect, exogenous AM inoculation treatment showed a greater effect on soil physical–chemical properties of both sexes. Based on DGGE results, salt stress negatively affected fungal richness but positively affected fungal Simpson diversity index, while exogenous AM inoculation treatment showed the opposite effect. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to show the causal relationships between salt and exogenous AM inoculation treatments with biomass accumulation and microbial community: salt and exogenous AM inoculation treatment showed complicated effects on elementary concentrations, soil properties, which resulted in different relationship with biomass accumulation and microbial community. Salt stress had a negative effect on soil properties and microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of P. cathayana, whereas exogenous AM inoculation showed positive impacts on most of the soil physical–chemical properties and microbial community status.

Crucifer clubroot disease changes the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
伍文宪 WU Wenxian ◽  
黄小琴 HUANG Xiaoqin ◽  
张蕾 ZHANG Lei ◽  
杨潇湘 YANG Xiaoxiang ◽  
黎怀忠 LI Huaizhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Clubroot Disease

scholarly journals Genome-Centered Metagenomics Analysis Reveals the Microbial Interactions of a Syntrophic Consortium during Methane Generation in a Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Yan-Ling Zhang ◽  
Xin Ouyang ◽  
Jun-Peng Li ◽  
Jun-Jie Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment

The application of anaerobic digestors to decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DWTS) has gained momentum worldwide due to their ease of operation, high efficiency, and ability to recycle wastewater. However, the microbial mechanisms responsible for the high efficiency and ability of DWTS to recycle wastewater are still unclear. In this study, the microbial community structure and function of two different anaerobic bioreactors (a primary sludge digestor, PSD, and anaerobic membrane bioreactor, AnMBR) of a DWTS located in Germany was investigated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing, respectively. The results showed that the microbial community structure was remarkably different in PSD and AnMBR. Methanobacteriaceae and Syntrophaceae were identified as the families that significantly differed in abundance between these two bioreactors. We also used genome-centered metagenomics to predict the microbial interactions and methane-generating pathway, which yielded 21 near-complete assembled genomes (MAGs) (average completeness of 93.0% and contamination of 2.9%). These MAGs together represented the majority of the microbial community. MAGs affiliated with methanogenic archaea, including Methanobacterium sp., Methanomicrobiales archaea, Methanomassiliicoccales archaea, and Methanosaeta concilii, were recruited, along with other syntrophic bacterial MAGs associated with anaerobic digestion. Key genes encoding enzymes involved in specific carbohydrate-active and methanogenic pathways in MAGs were identified to illustrate the microbial functions and interactions that occur during anaerobic digestion in the wastewater treatment. From the MAG information, it was predicted that bacteria affiliated with Bacteroidetes, Prolixibacteraceae, and Synergistaceae were the key bacteria involved in anaerobic digestion. In the methane production step, Methanobacterium sp. performed hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, which reduced carbon dioxide to methane with hydrogen as the primary electron donor. Taken together, our findings provide a clear understanding of the methane-generating pathways and highlight the syntrophic interactions that occur during anaerobic digestion in DWTS.

Variation in microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge under three cropping modes

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
王悦 WANG Yue ◽  
杨贝贝 YANG Beibei ◽  
王浩 WANG Hao ◽  
杨程 YANG Cheng ◽  
张菊 ZHANG Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document