Association Between Sex Hormones and Visual Field Progression in Women With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Cohort Study

Purpose: We evaluated the level of sex hormones in female patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) to determine whether they are associated with the onset and/or progression of POAG.Methods: The cross-sectional study enrolled 63 women with POAG and 56 healthy women as normal control subjects. Furthermore, 57 women with POAG were included and followed-up for at least 2 years in the cohort study. All subjects were evaluated for serum concentration of sex hormones [prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TESTO), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PROG), and estrogen (E2)] and underwent visual field (VF) examination. In the cross-sectional study, Spearman analysis, linear regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis were performed to assess risk factors for POAG in women. In the cohort study, Cox regression analyses and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were performed to identify factors associated with VF progression in women with POAG.Results: In the cross-sectional study, the level of E2 was significantly lower in the POAG group than in the normal group (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that the decreased level of E2 was a risk factor of POAG (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.09–0.78, p < 0.05), especially in premenopausal subjects. In the cohort study, there were 29 non-progression subjects and 28 progression subjects. Patients in the progression group had significantly lower levels of E2 than those in the no progression group (p < 0.01). The decreased level of E2 at baseline was associated with POAG progression (HR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02–0.46, p < 0.05), especially in premenopausal subjects. Patients with POAG and with lower baseline E2 levels had significantly lower VF non-progression rates than patients with higher E2 levels (log-rank test p < 0.001), especially premenopausal subjects (log-rank test p < 0.05). Additionally, logistic regression analyses, Cox regression analyses, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that PROG, LH, FSH, and TESTO were risk factors of POAG and/or significantly associated with POAG progression.Conclusion: A decreased E2 level is a POAG risk factor and is associated with VF progression in women with POAG, especially in premenopausal subjects. Additionally, other sex hormones (PROG, LH, FSH, and TESTO) might also play a role in POAG pathogenesis.

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Concordance of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia in married couples: cross-sectional study using nationwide survey data in Japan

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036281 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. e036281

Author(s):

Taeko Watanabe ◽

Takehiro Sugiyama ◽

Hideto Takahashi ◽

Haruko Noguchi ◽

Nanako Tamiya

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Married Couples ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Male Patients ◽

Design And Methods

ObjectiveBecause married couples have many environmental influences in common, spouses may develop similar diseases. This study aimed to determine the concordance of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia, which are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, among married couples in Japan.Research design and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of married couples who were both aged ≥40 years using the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions, which is a Japanese national survey. We first determined the proportions of wives and husbands who were receiving therapy for each of the diseases of interest. We then conducted logistic regression analyses using the wives undergoing therapy for each disease as outcomes and the husbands undergoing therapy for the same disease as the principal exposure, adjusting for covariates.ResultsThe subjects of the analyses were 86 941 married couples. The wives of male patients were significantly more likely to be receiving therapy for the same disease. Logistic regression revealed that when husbands were undergoing therapy for these diseases their wives had ORs (95% CIs) of 1.79 (1.72–1.86) for hypertension, 1.45 (1.34–1.58) for diabetes, 2.58 (2.41–2.75) for dyslipidaemia and 1.87 (1.80–1.93) for any of these diseases.ConclusionsIf men have hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidaemia, their wives were also more susceptible to the same disease. Medical professionals and couples may need to recognise these results and consider couple-based interventions to help the prevention, early detection and treatment of these diseases.

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ANALISIS TERJADINYA KARIES GIGI BERDASARKAN PEMERIKSAAN KADAR MUC7 DAN ENZIM GLUKOSILTRANSFERASE (GTF) SALIVA PADA ANAK-ANAKKARYAWAN PTPN VIII YANG BERUMUR 12-13 TAHUN - Dental Caries Analysis Based On Salivary Examination Of Muc7 Levels and Enzyme Glucosyltransferase (gtf) In 12-13 Years Old Children PTPN VIII Employees

Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.24198/ijas.v5i1.16652 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sjazili S. Muhibat

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Bacterial Pathogen ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Rank Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstrakKaries gigi merupakan penyakit infeksi multifaktorial, faktor etiologi tersebut saling berkaitan satu sama lainnya dan digambarkan sebagai empat lingkaran yang saling berimpitan satu sama lainnya. Protein saliva MUC7 yang terdapat dalam saliva berperan penting dalam melindungi jaringan lunak dan keras rongga mulut dari infeksi bakteri patogen. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kaitan antara MUC7 dan glukosiltransferase dengan karies gigi, yang dapat menimbulkan dugaan bahwa MUC7 dan glukosiltransferase berperan penting terjadi karies gigi. Motode penelitian ini bersifat cross sectional study di lapangan dan laboratorium. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 138 orang anak karyawan PTPN VIII Pengalengan usia 12-13 tahun. Pada penelitian ini digunakan analisis chi kuadrat, korelasi rank Spearman, analisis regresi logistik ganda dan kurva ROC. Hasil penelitian terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara MUC7 dengan karies gigi, nilai koeffisien korelasi 0,209* dengan p 0,014, dan tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara glukosiltransferase dengan karies gigi. Hasil perhitungan dengan regresi logistic ganda diperoleh hubungan yang signifikan antara MUC7, glukosiltransferase (GTF) dengan karies gigi. Hasil kurva ROC diperoleh bahwa kadar MUC7 ≤604,02 ng/ml akan berrisiko terjadinya karies gigi 2,085 kali bila dibandingkan dengan kadar MUC7 >604,02.ng/ml. Sedangkan kadar Gtf ≤5,247 ng/ml juga berrisiko terjadi karies gigi sebesar 2,273 kali dibandingkan dengan kadar Gtf >5,247 ng/ml. Simpulan penelitian ini adanya korelasi yang signifikan antara MUC7, GTF dengan karies gigi. Menunjukkan pula bahwa rendahnya kadar MUC7 dan glukosiltrans ferase (GTF) lebih berrisiko terhadap terjadinya karies gigi. Kata kunci; MUC7, glukosiltransferase (GTF), karies gigiAbstractDental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease, which the etiologic factors are related each other and are shown as four interlocking circles coincide with each other. MUC7 salivary proteins plays an important role in protecting the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity from bacterial pathogen infection. The aim of this research was to each other between MUC7 and glucosyltransferase to dental caries, which can give rise to allegations that the MUC7 and glucosyltransferase plays an important role occur of dental caries. Method of this study is a cross sectional in the field and laboratory. The samples were 138 the children of employees of PTPN VIII Pengalengan 12-13 years old. Analyses of this study are χ2, Spearman's rank test, multiple regression, logistic regression, and ROC curve. The results there was a significant correlation between MUC7 with dental caries, the value of the correlation coefficient 0.209* and p= 0.014, and there was no significant correlation between the glucosyltransferase to dental caries. Calculation of logistic regression obtained significant relationship between MUC7, glucosyltransferase (GTF) with dental caries. The result of ROC curve was obtained that MUC7 levels ≤ 604.02 ng/ml will be at risk 2,085 times dental caries levels when compared with MUC7> 604.02 ng/ml. While the GTF levels ≤ 5,247 ng/ml are also at risk of dental caries occurs 2,273 times compared to the GTF levels> 5,247 ng / ml. The conclusions of this study are significant correlation between MUC7, GTF to dental caries. Also showed that low level of MUC7 and glucosyltransferase (GTF) is more at risk for dental caries.Key word: MUC7, glucosyltransferase, dental caries.

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Cross-sectional study on risk factors of HIV among female commercial sex workers in Cambodia

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268899003428 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. 143-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

K. OHSHIGE ◽

S. MORIO ◽

S. MIZUSHIMA ◽

K. KITAMURA ◽

K. TAJIMA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Commercial Sex Workers

To describe epidemiological features on HIV prevalence among female commercial sex workers (CSWs), a cross-sectional study on sexual behaviour and serological prevalence was carried out in Cambodia. The CSWs were interviewed on their demographic characters and behaviour and their blood samples were taken for testing on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, Chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis, and hepatitis B. Associations between risk factors and HIV seropositivity were analysed. High seroprevalence of HIV and Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibody (CT-IgG-Ab) was shown among the CSWs (54 and 81·7%, respectively). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed an association between HIV seropositivity and age, duration of prostitution, the number of clients per day and CT-IgG-Ab. Especially, high-titre chlamydial seropositivity showed a strong significant association with HIV prevalence. In multiple logistic regression analyses, CT-IgG-Ab with higher titre was significantly independently related to HIV infection. These suggest that existence of Chlamydia trachomatis is highly related to HIV prevalence.

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Fear of falling and associated factors among older people living in Bahir Dar City, Amhara, Ethiopia- a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02534-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gebremeskel Birhanie ◽

Haimanot Melese ◽

Gebrerufael Solomon ◽

Berihu Fissha ◽

Molla Teferi

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Older People ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Fear Of Falling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bahir Dar ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Walking Aids

Abstract Background Fear of falling (FOF) is the most common public health problem, which can lead to loss of confidence, reducing physical and social activities, depression, loss of mobility, increased risk of falls, physical weakness, and strong negative impact on an older people’s quality of life. However, studies in developing country were lacking, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to fill this gap in the study area in particular and the country in general. The purpose of the current study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors with fear of falling among older people 60 years and older who were living in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross sectional study design was conducted with a total sample size of 527 participants and multistage random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The fall efficacy scale tool was used to develop the questionnaire. Data were coded, cleaned and entered into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multi-collinearity and model fitting were checked. In bivariate logistic regression analyses, variables with p-value< 0.25 were considered as potential candidates for multivariable logistic regression analyses. A variable with p-value< 0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Finally, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were estimated and interpreted. Results A total of 481 participants was included in this study. The prevalence of fear of falling among the older people was 59.9% (95% CI; 55.7–64.4). Fear of falling was significantly associated with the following variables:- advanced age (AOR = 4.01, 95% CI; 1.65–9.74), female (AOR = 4.25, 95% CI; 2.25–8.01), lower education level (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI; 1.12–6.82), anxiety [AOR = 9.03, 95% CI; 4.78–17.07), confirmed medical conditions (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI; 1.03–3.91) and walking aids used (AOR = 13.82; 95% CI; 5.21–36.63). Conclusions A moderate prevalence of fear of falling was observed. The major associated factors were advanced age, being female, lower educational level, anxiety, confirmed medical conditions and walking aids used. Hence, we recommend the need of rehabilitation programs that enable healthy aging and further rigor research is recommended.

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Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with liver injury markers in the US adult population

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020000348 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (16) ◽

pp. 2915-2922 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaowei He ◽

Cheng Xu ◽

Zheng-Hong Lu ◽

Xiao-Zheng Fang ◽

Juan Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Cross ◽

Low Serum

AbstractObjective:To examine the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and serum liver enzymes in a representative sample of US adults.Design:The cross-sectional study sample consisted of 24 229 adults with data on serum 25(OH)D levels and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transaminase (GGT) concentrations, in addition to data on other potential confounders. Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were applied to assess the associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and ALT, AST, ALP and GGT concentrations.Setting:The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2006.Participants:The cross-sectional study sample consisted of 24 229 adults.Results:We found a significant association between low serum 25(OH)D levels (<30 nmol/l) and ALP levels in all participants (OR 2·67; 95 % CI 1·98, 3·59; P < 0·001), a confirmed healthy population (OR 3·02; 95 % CI 2·25, 4·07; P < 0·001) and individuals with viral hepatitis (OR 2·87; 95 % CI 1·52, 5·44; P = 0·006) compared with those who had normal 25(OH)D levels (>50 nmol/l). Moreover, in both the logistic regression and linear regression, the associations between 25(OH)D levels and ALP levels were stronger in the subgroups with obesity. No association was present between ALT, AST or GGT levels and serum 25(OH)D levels in this population.Conclusions:The results of the present study provide epidemiological evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with liver ALP levels in humans. This finding suggests a potential adverse effect of low 25(OH)D levels on human liver function. However, the underlying mechanisms still need further investigation.

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Substance Use among Spanish Adolescents: The Information Paradox

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17020627 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 627 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Angel Belzunegui-Eraso ◽

Inma Pastor-Gosálbez ◽

Laia Raigal-Aran ◽

Francesc Valls-Fonayet ◽

Sonia Fernández-Aliseda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Prevalence Ratios ◽

Smoke Tobacco

This aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between the consumption of tobacco, cannabis, and alcohol (including drunkenness and binge drinking consumption patterns) in the previous 30 days by Spanish adolescents and the information that is available to adolescents on drug consumption. This cross-sectional study employed data from the Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education in Spain (ESTUDES 2016), which was conducted on students aged 14 to 18 (n = 35,369). Contingency tables, mean comparison tests, and logistic regression analyses were conducted and prevalence ratios (PR) were obtained. The results show that the probability that an adolescent will smoke tobacco is associated with whether their mother and/or father smoke (PR: 1.30), whether some of their friends smoke (PR: 14.23), whether the majority of their friends smoke (PR: 94.05) and how well informed they perceive themselves to be (PR: 1.30). Cannabis use is mainly associated with whether most of their friends also use cannabis (PR: 93.05) and whether they are sufficiently informed regarding this consumption (PR: 1.59). Alcohol consumption is associated with whether their mothers drink regularly (PR: 1.21), whether most of their friends drink (PR: 37.29), and whether they are well informed (PR: 1.28). Getting drunk and binge drinking are associated with whether their friends have these behaviors (PR: 44.81 and 7.36, respectively) and whether they are sufficiently informed (PR: 1.23 for both behaviors). In conclusion, the consumption of these substances is more frequent among Spanish adolescents who believe that they are better informed and whose friends have similar patterns of consumption.

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Several Components of the Lebanese Mediterranean Diet and Particular Sociodemographic, Medical and Lifestyle Factors may be Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study in a Middle Eastern Setting

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401316999200518095448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 82-93

Author(s):

Mary-Joe Youssef ◽

Antoine Aoun ◽

Aline Issa ◽

Lana El-Osta ◽

Nada El-Osta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gerd Symptoms

Background: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing worldwide and the related chronic symptoms can be associated with morbidity and poor quality of life. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify foods and beverages consumed by the Lebanese population, dietary habits, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, health parameters and perceived stress, implicated in increasing GERD symptoms. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was carried among Lebanese adults in 2016. A convenient sample of 264 participants was equally divided into a GERD group and a control group. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, health status and dietary habits including Lebanese traditional dishes were collected. The perceived stress scale (PSS) was also used to assess the participants’ perception of stress. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with GERD symptoms (presence or absence) being the dependent variable. Results: The GERD symptoms were significantly associated with age (-p-value=0.017), family history of GERD symptoms (-p-value<0.001), smoking (-p-value=0.003) and chronic medical conditions (-p-value<.001). Regarding the dietary factors, participants who ate three meals or less/day, between meals and outside homes were 2.5, 2.9 and 2.4 times at a higher risk of experiencing GERD symptoms than others, respectively. Moreover, the logistic regression model showed that the GERD symptoms were significantly associated with the consumption of coffee (-p-value=0.037), Lebanese sweets (-p-value=0.027), fried foods (-p-value=0.031), ‘Labneh’ with garlic (-p-value<0.001), pomegranate molasses (-p-value=0.011), and tomatoes (-p-value=0.007). Conclusion: Some specific lifestyle factors and components of the Lebanese Mediterranean diet could be associated with GERD symptoms.

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Fine or Gross Motor Index as a Simple Tool for Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People: Findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-210704 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Xiao Liu ◽

Ayiguli Abudukeremu ◽

Yuan Jiang ◽

Zhengyu Cao ◽

Maoxiong Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Simple Tool

Background: Several kinds of motor dysfunction can predict future cognitive impairment in elderly individuals. However, the ability of the fine motor index (FINEA) and gross motor index (GROSSA) to predict the risk of cognitive impairment has not been assessed. Objective: We investigated the associations between FINEA/GROSSA and cognitive impairment. Methods: The data of 4,745 participants from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) were analyzed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We first assessed the correlation between the FINEA GROSSA and MMSE in a cross-sectional study. Then, we further investigated the predictive role of the incidence of cognitive impairment in a prospective cohort study. Results: We found that both FINEA and GROSSA were negatively correlated with MMSE in both the unadjusted (FINEA: B = –1.00, 95%confidence intervals (CI): –1.17, –0.83, t = –11.53, p < 0.001; GROSSA: B = –0.85, 95%CI: –0.94, –0.76, t = –18.29, p < 0.001) and adjusted (FINEA: B = –0.63, 95%CI: –0.79, –0.47, t = –7.77, p < 0.001; GROSSA: B = –0.57, 95%CI: –0.66, –0.48, t = –12.61, p < 0.001) analyses in a cross-sectional study. In a prospective cohort study, both high FINEA and high GROSSA were associated with an increased incidence of cognitive function impairment (FINEA: adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.05, 5.23, p = 0.036; GROSSA adjusted OR = 3.00, 95%CI: 1.49, 6.03, p = 0.002) after 2 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Higher FINEA and GROSSA scores were both associated with an increased incidence of cognitive impairment. FINEA or GROSSA might be a simple tool for identifying patients with cognitive impairment.

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Predictors of HIV/AIDS comprehensive knowledge and acceptance attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS among unmarried young females in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01176-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tesfaldet Mekonnen Estifanos ◽

Chen Hui ◽

Afewerki Weldezgi Tesfai ◽

Mekonnen Estifanos Teklu ◽

Matiwos Araya Ghebrehiwet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Young Females ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Youth in general and young females, in particular, remain at the center of HIV/AIDS epidemic. To avoid and prevent HIV infection, comprehensive knowledge as well as correct understanding of transmission and prevention strategies are crucial. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the predictors of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS and accepting attitude towards PLWHIV. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. A two-stage probability sampling method was applied and data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Of the total 8674 women aged 15–49 years, 1971 eligible women aged 15–24 years were included in this analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. A Chi-square test followed by logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between specific explanatory variables and outcome variables. The results were reported using odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Overall, 99.3% of the unmarried women aged 15–24 years were aware of HIV/AIDS, but only 51.9% had comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Around 70% of the respondents were aware that "using condoms every time when having sex" and "having only one faithful uninfected partner" can prevent HIV transmission. About 68% of the unmarried women rejected at least two common local misconceptions about HIV/AIDS. An alarmingly small (20.6%) proportion of the respondents had a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV. All variables were significantly associated with having comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. After adjustment, older age (20–24 years), being educated, wealthier, and ever been tested for HIV/AIDS became predictors of adequate comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Moreover, respondents with adequate comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS were more likely (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.30–2.08) to have a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV than their counterparts. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a remarkably high level of awareness about HIV/AIDS among study participants, but the knowledge and positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV were not encouraging. Thus, endeavors to expand and strengthen educational campaigns on HIV/AIDS in communities, health facilities, and schools are highly recommended. Attention should particularly focus on young-aged and disadvantaged women with low educational level, poor socioeconomic status and those who have never been tested for HIV/AIDS.

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A cross sectional study: The association between sleeping quality and stress among second and third medical students at the University of Jordan

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.1177/00912174211011287 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009121742110112

Author(s):

AA Toubasi ◽

BR Khraisat ◽

RB AbuAnzeh ◽

HM Kalbouneh

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

University Of Jordan ◽

The University

Objective Medicine is considered one if not the most stressful educational field. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of stress and poor sleeping quality among medical students and the association between them. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan on second- and third-year medical students. The questionnaire consisted of: 1) Demographics; 2) The assessment tools which were Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Status (K10). Binary logistic regression, chi-square and linear regression were used to investigate the association between PSQI, K10, and their determinants. Results The mean for PSQI score was 6.76 ± 3.32. PSQI scores interpretation revealed that 61.7% of the 282 participants of this study were poor sleepers. Logistic regression results showed that only the category of not napping at all from the napping hours variable was significantly associated with sleeping quality. Furthermore, the mean of K10 scores was 24.5 ± 8.5. K10 scores revealed that 66.3% of the participants were stressed. Logistic regression results showed that gender and regular exercise were significantly associated with psychological distress. Additionally, chi-square test, logistic regression and linear regression showed that PSQI was significantly associated with K10 (P <0.01). Conclusions Stress and poor sleeping quality in medical students at the University of Jordan were highly prevalent and strongly associated. What determined PSQI was daytime napping, and for K10 were regular exercise and gender. Further investigations into stress and sleep quality in the Arabian region are needed.

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