scholarly journals Associations Between Cognitive Function, Depression, and Olfactory Function in Elderly People With Dementia in Korea

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyegyeong Cha ◽  
Sisook Kim ◽  
Yedong Son
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
The Relationship

Early detection is important for delaying or preventing cognitive impairment. Since olfactory dysfunction and depression are common symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, they may serve as measurable risk indicators. This study was designed to identify the relationship between olfaction, depression, and each domain of cognitive function in elderly dementia patients in South Korea. Study participants were 108 patients who visited the outpatient clinic between March and September 2019. More significant impairment of olfactory function was found in those with mild (7.48 ± 1.28) or moderate (7.37 ± 2.22) test scores of the Expanded Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale than in those with questionable scores (20.58 ± 6.18). The language domain of cognitive function, age, and education level showed 39.2% explanatory power for olfactory function (F = 5.591, p < 0.001). It is expected that assessment of olfactory function in elderly people can lead to the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of dementia. Furthermore, it is important for future studies to confirm the relationship between each domain of cognitive function and olfactory function according to the type of dementia and to establish criteria for screening dementia in order to utilize olfactory function as a clinical marker.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Food Components on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2804
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ozawa ◽  
Taiki Miyazawa ◽  
Teruo Miyazawa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline ◽  
The Relationship

Population aging has recently been an important issue as the number of elderly people is growing worldwide every year, and the extension of social security costs is financially costly. The increase in the number of elderly people with cognitive decline is a serious problem related to the aging of populations. Therefore, it is necessary to consider not only physical care but also cognitive patterns in the future care of older adults. Since food contains a variety of bioactive substances, dietary patterns may help improve age-related cognitive decline. However, the relationship between cognitive function and individual food components remains ambiguous as no clear efficacy or mechanism has been confirmed. Against this background, this review summarizes previous reports on the biological process of cognitive decline in the elderly and the relationship between individual compounds in foods and cognitive function, as well as the role of individual components of food in cognitive function, in the following order: lipids, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Based on the research presented in this review, a proper diet that preserves cognitive function has the potential to improve age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Hopefully, this review will help to trigger the development of new foods and technologies that improve aging and cognitive functions and extend the healthy life span.

scholarly journals Measuring Electrodermal Activity to Improve the Identification of Agitation in Individuals with Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Melander ◽  
Jesper Martinsson ◽  
Silje Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Assistant Nurses ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Understanding and interpreting the complexity of agitation in people with dementia is challenging. Objective: To explore whether a sensor measuring electrodermal activity (EDA) can improve the identification of agitation in individuals with dementia. Methods: Nine individuals with dementia wore a sensor that measured EDA. During the same time, assistant nurses annotated the observed behavior of the person with dementia. A binary logistic regression model was applied to assess the relationship between the sensor and the assistant nurses’ structured observations of agitation. Results: The sensor values correlated with the assistant nurses’ observations both at the time of the observation and 1 and 2 h prior to the observation. Conclusion: A sensor measuring EDA can support early detection of agitation in persons with dementia.

A review of couple-centred interventions in dementia: Exploring the what and why – Part A

Dementia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2436-2449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therése Bielsten ◽  
Ingrid Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Symptoms of dementia bring about challenges to couples’ relationships. Relationship-focused support has been highlighted to be of significant importance for sustained relationship quality and to reduce the negative impact of dementia on the dyadic relationship. This review aimed to explore the ‘what’ and ‘why’ of interventions aimed at couples where one partner has a diagnosis of dementia and in which the couple jointly participate. Method Searches were performed in Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from January 2000 to August 2017. Results Six studies were included. Objectives for the person with dementia was related to cognitive function and for the care partner the objectives were related to well-being. The majority of the outcomes were mirrored by the objectives and focused on cognitive function for people with dementia and depression and relationship quality for care partners. Our findings indicate that people with dementia should be included in the assessment of the relationship in order to gain an overall picture of relationship dynamics and to increase tailored support in couple-centred interventions. Conclusions The findings of this review indicate that joint interventions for people with dementia and care partners are lacking a genuine dyadic approach where both partners’ views of their relationship are valued. In order to identify targets for support and to use the appropriate outcome measures, the quality of the relationship should be recognised and taken into account. Moreover, there is a lack of a salutogenic approach in couple-centred interventions in which couples’ strengths and resources can be identified and supported.

scholarly journals Clinical Correlates of Hachinski Ischemic Score and Vascular Factors in Cognitive Function of Elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Ho Kim ◽  
Oh Dae Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Family History ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Education History ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between Hachinski ischemic score (HIS) and vascular factors as well as between HIS and the cognitive function in elderly community. Demographic characteristics, such as sex, age, education, history of drinking and smoking, family history of dementia and stroke, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and dementia, were surveyed. Neurological examination was administered to every subject and HIS was checked by a neurologist. From a total of 392 participants aged 65 and over in a rural community, 348 completed the survey and were finally enrolled. Among the vascular factors, history of hypertension (P=0.008), history of stroke (P<0.001), family history of dementia (P=0.01), and history of cardiac diseases (P=0.012) showed a significant relationship with HIS. In the cognitive function tests, both Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Clinical Dementia Rating (Global and Sum of Boxes) had a significant relationship with HIS. Our study suggested HIS may have an association with some vascular factors and cognitive scales in community dwelling elderly. In this study, the HIS seemed to contribute to the evaluation of the quantity of vascular factors and to the prediction of status of cognitive function.

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