scholarly journals Clinical and VNG Features in Anterior Canal BPPV—An Analysis of 13 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Porwal ◽  
Ananthu V. R. ◽  
Vishal Pawar ◽  
Srinivas Dorasala ◽  
Avinash Bijlani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Position ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Hanging Maneuver ◽  
Torsional Component ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
First Time ◽  
Torsional Nystagmus ◽  
Anterior Canal

Objective: To define diagnostic VNG features in anterior canal BPPV during positional testing (Dix-Hallpike, supine head hanging, and McClure Pagnini tests).Study Design: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with anterior canal BPPV across four referral centers in New Delhi, Kochi, Bangalore, and Dubai.Subjects and Methods: Clinical records of 13 patients with AC BPPV out of 1,350 cases, during a 3-years period, were reviewed and analyzed by four specialists.Results: Four patients had positional down beating nystagmus with symptoms of vertigo during the bilateral DHP maneuver. Seven cases had positional down beating nystagmus only on one side of DHP. Typical down beating nystagmus was seen in 10 out of 13 cases during the straight head hanging maneuver. Down beating torsional nystagmus was seen in 6 out of 13 cases. Down beating with horizontal nystagmus was seen in three cases (in DHP and MCP mainly) while pure down beating nystagmus during SHH was only seen in four cases.Conclusion: We conclude that anterior canal BPPV is a rare but definite entity. It may not be apparent on positional testing the first time, so repeated testing may be needed. The most consistent diagnostic maneuver is SHH though there were patients in which findings could only be elicited using DHP testing. We recommend a testing protocol that includes DHP testing on both sides and SHH. MCP testing may also evoke DBN with or without the torsional component. Reversal of nystagmus on reversal of testing position is unusual but can occur. The Yacovino maneuver is effective in resolving AC BPPV. We also propose a hypothesis that explains why DHP testing is sensitive to AC BPPV on either side, whereas MCP lateral position on one side is only sensitive to AC BPPV on one side. We have explained a possible role for the McClure Pagnini test in side determination and therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals Impact of immunogenicity on clinical efficacy and toxicity profile of biologic agents used for treatment of inflammatory arthritis in children compared to adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2110026
Author(s):  
Chinar R. Parikh ◽  
Jaya K. Ponnampalam ◽  
George Seligmann ◽  
Leda Coelewij ◽  
Ines Pineda-Torra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

The treatment of inflammatory arthritis has been revolutionised by the introduction of biologic treatments. Many biologic agents are currently licensed for use in both paediatric and adult patients with inflammatory arthritis and contribute to improved disease outcomes compared with the pre-biologic era. However, immunogenicity to biologic agents, characterised by an immune reaction leading to the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs), can negatively impact the therapeutic efficacy of biologic drugs and induce side effects to treatment. This review explores for the first time the impact of immunogenicity against all licensed biologic treatments currently used in inflammatory arthritis across age, and will examine any significant differences between ADA prevalence, titres and timing of development, as well as ADA impact on therapeutic drug levels, clinical efficacy and side effects between paediatric and adult patients. In addition, we will investigate factors associated with differences in immunogenicity across biologic agents used in inflammatory arthritis, and their potential therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals First Report of blaNDM-1 Bearing IncX3 Plasmid in Clinically Isolated ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
Hazrat Bilal ◽  
Gaojian Zhang ◽  
Tayyab Rehman ◽  
Jianxion Han ◽  
Sabir Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Molecular Type ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Sequence Types

The New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is among the most threatening forms of carbapenemases produced by K. pneumoniae, well-known to cause severe worldwide infections. The molecular epidemiology of blaNDM-1-harboring K. pneumoniae is not well elucidated in Pakistan. Herein, we aim to determine the antibiotics-resistance profile, genes type, molecular type, and plasmid analysis of 125 clinically isolated K. pneumoniae strains from urine samples during July 2018 to January 2019 in Pakistan. A total of 34 (27.2%) K. pneumoniae isolates were carbapenemases producers, and 23 (18.4%) harbored the blaNDM-1 gene. The other carbapenemases encoding genes, i.e., blaIMP-1 (7.2%), blaVIM-1 (3.2%), and blaOXA-48 (2.4%) were also detected. The Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) results revealed that all blaNDM-1-harboring isolates were ST11. The other sequence types detected were ST1, ST37, and ST105. The cluster analysis of Xbal Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed variation amongst the clusters of the identical sequence type isolates. The blaNDM-1 gene in all of the isolates was located on a 45-kb IncX3 plasmid, successfully transconjugated. For the first time, blaNDM-1-bearing IncX3 plasmids were identified from Pakistan, and this might be a new primary vehicle for disseminating blaNDM-1 in Enterobacteriaceae as it has a high rate of transferability.

Abstract 18060: TRAIL Promotes Angiogenesis and Ischemia-Induced Neovascularisation via NOX4, H2O2 and Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanisms

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda A Di Bartolo ◽  
Sian P Cartland ◽  
Leonel Prado-Lourenco ◽  
Nor Saadah M Azahri ◽  
Thuan Thai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Tubule Formation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
First Time

Background: Angiogenesis and neovascularization are essential processes that follow ischemia insults. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) not only induces endothelial cell (EC) death and inhibits angiogenesis, but also promotes EC migration, invasion and proliferation in vitro . These seemingly opposite effects make its role in angiogenesis in vivo unclear. Using TRAIL -/- and wild-type mice, we sought to determine the role of TRAIL in angiogenesis and neovascularisation. We also sought mechanisms in vitro . Methods and Results: Reduced vascularisation assessed by real-time in vivo 3D Vevo ultrasound imaging and CD31 staining was observed in TRAIL -/- mice 28 d after hindlimb ischemia. Moreover, reduced capillary formation and increased apoptosis was evident in TRAIL -/- muscles even at 3 d after ischemic surgery. We have previously shown that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), a potent angiogenic factor, regulates TRAIL gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Indeed, FGF-2 also regulates TRAIL expression in ECs, and FGF-2-inducible proliferation, migration and tubule formation was inhibited with siRNA targeting TRAIL. Notably, both FGF-2 and TRAIL significantly increased NOX4 expression. TRAIL-inducible angiogenic activity in ECs was inhibited with siRNAs targeting NOX4, and consistent with these, NOX4 mRNA was reduced in 3 d ischemic hindlimbs of TRAIL -/- mice. TRAIL stimulated intracellular H 2 O 2 levels in ECs, and TRAIL-inducible proliferation, migration and tubule formation was inhibited with not only PEG-catalase, a H 2 O 2 scavenger, but also blocked with L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Conclusions: This is the first demonstration showing that TRAIL promotes angiogenesis in vivo . We show for the first time that the TRAIL stimulates NOX4 expression to mediate nitric oxide-dependent angiogenic effects. This has significant therapeutic implications such that TRAIL may improve the angiogenic response to ischemia and increase perfusion recovery in patients with CVD and diabetes.

Trend of Migration Studies in Sociocultural Anthropology: A Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2277436X2110440
Author(s):  
Kiran Jyoti Kaur ◽  
A. K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Amitav Ghosh ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

Migration studies have always found their unique place in anthropology since the birth of anthropology in India under colonial rule. From the formative phase, anthropology of migration has grown multifold. In the present time when the Indian diaspora is the largest in the whole world, the process of migration has affected the lives of all individuals and has become an important area of research. The present article examines the growth of this field in sociocultural anthropology in India and is based on secondary data. Work of renowned Indian anthropologists like M. N. Srinivas, Moni Nag, L. P. Vidyarthi, Amitav Ghosh and others like R. K. Jain, Ashish Bose, etc. on migration has been discussed in the present article. Migration studies in India have found and sustained a key place in the anthropology curriculum report since the first time of its release by the University Grants Commission, New Delhi. Migration studies have grown from studying mobility among the tribals to the movement of people from rural to urban areas and then to international migration. New areas like displacement and refugee movements, literature and art, diaspora studies, urbanism, labour migration and many more are emerging as important topics in the landscape of migration studies.

First record of the leafhopper genus Xenovarta Viraktamath (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from India with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4532 (3) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
NARESH M. MESHRAM ◽  
STUTI STUTI ◽  
TAHSEEN RAZA HASHMI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The genus Xenovarta Viraktamath is recorded from India for the first time and Xenovarta viraktamathi sp. nov. from India is described and illustrated. Materials are deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India. A key to species of the genus are provided, with molecular evidence of the specimen in the form of partial mtCOI sequences. 

scholarly journals Spread of ST348 Klebsiella pneumoniae Producing NDM-1 in a Peruvian Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Pons ◽  
Marta Marí-Almirall ◽  
Barbara Ymaña ◽  
Jeel Moya-Salazar ◽  
Laura Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Gradient Diffusion ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
First Time ◽  
Esbl Producers

The aim of this study was to characterize carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) isolates recovered from adults and children with severe bacteremia in a Peruvian Hospital in June 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disc/gradient diffusion and broth microdilution when necessary. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms were evaluated by PCR and DNA sequencing. Clonal relatedness was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Plasmid typing was performed with a PCR-based method. Thirty CR-Kp isolates were recovered in June 2018. All isolates were non-susceptible to all β-lactams, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while mostly remaining susceptible to colistin, tigecycline, levofloxacin and amikacin. All isolates carried the blaNDM-1 gene and were extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. PFGE showed four different pulsotypes although all isolates but two belonged to the ST348 sequence type, previously reported in Portugal. blaNDM-1 was located in an IncFIB-M conjugative plasmid. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing K. pneumoniae recovered from both children and adults in Lima, Peru, as well as the first time that the outbreak strain ST348 is reported in Peru and is associated with NDM. Studies providing epidemiological and molecular data on CR-Kp in Peru are essential to monitor their dissemination and prevent further spread.

India in 2006: A New Emphasis on Engagement

Asian Survey ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Lavoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

India took important steps in 2006 to develop its economy and improve its standing abroad. Strengthening its strategic partnership with the United States, while at the same time maintaining positive relations with China, was a particularly important achievement. Increased attention to energy security has driven India to reach out to countries well beyond its borders. For the first time in India's history, New Delhi appears comfortable using the military and diplomatic tools that great powers have used throughout history.

scholarly journals Structural insights into the molecular mechanisms of myasthenia gravis and their therapeutic implications

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Noridomi ◽  
Go Watanabe ◽  
Melissa N Hansen ◽  
Gye Won Han ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Binding Mechanism ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
First Time ◽  
Structural Insights ◽  
Α1 Subunit

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a major target of autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune disease that causes neuromuscular transmission dysfunction. Despite decades of research, the molecular mechanisms underlying MG have not been fully elucidated. Here, we present the crystal structure of the nAChR α1 subunit bound by the Fab fragment of mAb35, a reference monoclonal antibody that causes experimental MG and competes with ~65% of antibodies from MG patients. Our structures reveal for the first time the detailed molecular interactions between MG antibodies and a core region on nAChR α1. These structures suggest a major nAChR-binding mechanism shared by a large number of MG antibodies and the possibility to treat MG by blocking this binding mechanism. Structure-based modeling also provides insights into antibody-mediated nAChR cross-linking known to cause receptor degradation. Our studies establish a structural basis for further mechanistic studies and therapeutic development of MG.

scholarly journals Lignocaine’s substantial role in COVID-19 management: potential remedial and therapeutic implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Nasser Ali Malik ◽  
Amjid Hammodi ◽  
Dayanidhi Ramachandra Jaiswara
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Substantial Role ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ion Channel Blocking ◽  
First Time

Background: The outbreak caused by SARS CoV-2 of the recent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been marked as a public health concern with a significant mortality at the global level. Lignocaine a common anesthetic agent being used for pain free surgeries for over a long period of time has expressed extensive characteristic of being an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, direct spasmolytic,  ion channel blocking and repolarization agent. We did a literature review Methodology: Currently compiled over-view has for the first time evaluated the probable curative and therapeutic role of nebulized lignocaine drug against SARS CoV-2 by utilization of PubMed, MEDLINE, NHS Evidence and Web of Science databases. Results: With evidence of nebulized lignocaine being used successfully in respiratory illness before and the established role of low concentration lignocaine as ion channel repolarization agent, we try to interpret and deduce the possible implication of nebulized lignocaine as possible therapeutic agent and a potential cure against SARS-CoV-2 caused respiratory illness by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent during SARS-CoV-2 caused acute lung injury and also possibly as an antiviral drug.  Conclusion: By the virtue of possessing anti-inflammatory effect and potential antiviral effects, nebulized lignocaine can be a breakthrough in the management of the current COVID-19 pandemic.     Citation: Malik NA, Lignocaine’s substantial role in COVID-19 management: potential remedial and therapeutic implications. Anaesth. pain & intensive care 2019;23(1):84-91 Received: 29 March 2020; Reviewed & Accepted: 5 April 2020;

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