scholarly journals Spatial Neglect Subtypes, Definitions and Assessment Tools: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindy J. Williams ◽  
Jocelyn Kernot ◽  
Susan L. Hillier ◽  
Tobias Loetscher
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to capture the reported definitions for the subtypes of neglect post stroke and map the range of assessment tools employed for each neglect subtype.Methods: EMBASE, Emcare, Medline, and psychINFO were searched from database inception. Searching included all allied terms and mesh headings for stroke, spatial neglect, measurement, screening tools, psychometric properties. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion. Primary studies with documented protocols of a spatial neglect tool for adults post stroke, with some aspect of validity or reliability were included. Two reviewers independently reviewed the documented protocols of each tool to determine the underlying subtypes and disagreements were resolved through discussion.Results: There were 371 articles included with 292 tools used for the screening or diagnosis of neglect. The majority of studies (67%) included a tool that did not specify the neglect subtype being assessed, therefore an analysis of the underlying subtypes for each tool is presented.Conclusions: There is no consistency with the terms used to refer to the syndrome of spatial neglect with over 200 different terms used within the included studies to refer to the syndrome as a whole or one of its subtypes. It is essential to unify the terminology and definition for each neglect subtype. There are hundreds of neglect tools available, however many are not able to differentiate presenting subtypes. It is important for clinicians and researchers to critically evaluate the neglect tools being used for the screening and diagnosis of neglect.

scholarly journals Racial and ethnic disparities in stroke outcomes: a scoping review of post-stroke disability assessment tools

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (15) ◽  
pp. 1835-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Perea Burns ◽  
Brandi M. White ◽  
Gayenell Magwood ◽  
Charles Ellis ◽  
Ayaba Logan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Stroke Outcomes ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Stroke Disability

scholarly journals P27 A scoping review to support the development of pGALSplus: a multi-professional tool and educational resource

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Mercer ◽  
Nicola Smith ◽  
Sharmila Jandial ◽  
Helen Foster
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Paediatric Rheumatology ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
The North ◽  
Training Resources ◽  
Serious Disease

Poster presentation Tuesday 8 October Background Musculoskeletal (MSK) problems in children and young people (CYP) are common. The majority will present to healthcare professionals in the community but it can be challenging to identify those with serious disease requiring onward referral. pGALS (paediatric Gait, Arms, Legs and Spine) was developed as a simple, quick MSK clinical assessment to discern abnormal joints, initially within paediatric rheumatology and later targeted at non-specialists. Anecdotally, pGALS can detect joint and functional problems in CYP with other serious conditions, but alone is unlikely to be specific enough. It is unknown whether a pGALSplus assessment is practical. Our aim was to scope the literature about MSK assessments applicable to CYP used in clinical practice, focusing on evidence of validity in the context of diagnosis and assessment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), Muscular dystrophy (MD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) to develop an extended pGALS. Methods Scoping review using the Newcastle University Library search tool (which includes several databases) and Google Scholar, and consulting NICE guidance/pathways. Search terms included dyspraxia, paediatric MSK assessment, screening tools, balance, and rheumatology, assessment tools for MD, MPS, and JIA. Studies cited within relevant articles uncovered through searches were also checked. The search was conducted between 1 October and 1 December 2018. Publication date was limited to post-1998, language did not constitute as exclusion criteria unless translation was unavailable. Results 32 journal articles were deemed appropriate, describing specific assessment or screening tools in the context of diagnosis of our target conditions. Within DCD, motor co-ordination test batteries aid diagnosis as part of specialist assessment, but are regarded as too lengthy for the purpose of screening; a questionnaire may be useful as a first-step diagnostic tool, along with an assessment of static balance (found to be significantly worse in children with DCD). In paediatric rheumatology, pGALS is the only validated screening tool to discern normal from abnormal. Other tools to assess health and wellbeing, disability and function are validated in the context of established disease only. For neuromuscular conditions the North Star Ambulatory Assessment is valid, reliable and practical as a functional assessment, and includes activities that are necessary to remain functionally ambulant. With regards to MPS, searches did not reveal specific MSK tests, but evidence suggests that skeletal malformations and joint problems were the most frequently presenting signs. pGALS performs well to identify abnormal joints with restriction within an MPS group. Conclusion This review supports the development of pGALSplus; a toolkit to facilitate identification and assessment of CYP with potentially serious MSK disease. pGALSplus will be targeted at community-based clinicians and will likely include physical examination, questionnaire(s) and appropriate adjuncts. Our group is currently developing pGALSplus, aiming to describe feasibility and acceptability, and develop educational and training resources, aimed at multi-professionals. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Assessment Methods of Post-stroke Gait: A Scoping Review of Technology-Driven Approaches to Gait Characterization and Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya Menoth Mohan ◽  
Ahsan Habib Khandoker ◽  
Sabahat Asim Wasti ◽  
Sarah Ismail Ibrahim Ismail Alali ◽  
Herbert F. Jelinek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

Background: Gait dysfunction or impairment is considered one of the most common and devastating physiological consequences of stroke, and achieving optimal gait is a key goal for stroke victims with gait disability along with their clinical teams. Many researchers have explored post stroke gait, including assessment tools and techniques, key gait parameters and significance on functional recovery, as well as data mining, modeling and analyses methods.Research Question: This study aimed to review and summarize research efforts applicable to quantification and analyses of post-stroke gait with focus on recent technology-driven gait characterization and analysis approaches, including the integration of smart low cost wearables and Artificial Intelligence (AI), as well as feasibility and potential value in clinical settings.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted within Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using a set of keywords, including lower extremity, walking, post-stroke, and kinematics. Original articles that met the selection criteria were included.Results and Significance: This scoping review aimed to shed light on tools and technologies employed in post stroke gait assessment toward bridging the existing gap between the research and clinical communities. Conventional qualitative gait analysis, typically used in clinics is mainly based on observational gait and is hence subjective and largely impacted by the observer's experience. Quantitative gait analysis, however, provides measured parameters, with good accuracy and repeatability for the diagnosis and comparative assessment throughout rehabilitation. Rapidly emerging smart wearable technology and AI, including Machine Learning, Support Vector Machine, and Neural Network approaches, are increasingly commanding greater attention in gait research. Although their use in clinical settings are not yet well leveraged, these tools promise a paradigm shift in stroke gait quantification, as they provide means for acquiring, storing and analyzing multifactorial complex gait data, while capturing its non-linear dynamic variability and offering the invaluable benefits of predictive analytics.

Screening for Distress and Unmet Needs in Patients With Cancer: Review and Recommendations

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1160-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda E. Carlson ◽  
Amy Waller ◽  
Alex J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Distress Screening ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Screening For Distress

Purpose This review summarizes the need for and process of screening for distress and assessing unmet needs of patients with cancer as well as the possible benefits of implementing screening. Methods Three areas of the relevant literature were reviewed and summarized using structured literature searches: psychometric properties of commonly used distress screening tools, psychometric properties of relevant unmet needs assessment tools, and implementation of distress screening programs that assessed patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Results Distress and unmet needs are common problems in cancer settings, and programs that routinely screen for and treat distress are feasible, particularly when staff are supported and links with specialist psychosocial services exist. Many distress screening and unmet need tools have been subject to preliminary validation, but few have been compared head to head in independent centers and in different stages of cancer. Research investigating the overall effectiveness of screening for distress in terms of improved recognition and treatment of distress and associated problems is not yet conclusive, but screening seems to improve communication between patients and clinicians and may enhance psychosocial referrals. Direct effects on quality of life are uncertain, but screening may help improve discussion of quality-of-life issues. Conclusion Involving all stakeholders and frontline clinicians when planning screening for distress programs is recommended. Training frontline staff to deliver screening programs is crucial, and continuing to rigorously evaluate outcomes, including PROs, process of care, referrals, and economic costs and benefits is essential.

scholarly journals Comparison of content and psychometric properties for assessment tools used for brain tumor patients: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lelde Ģiga ◽  
Anete Pētersone ◽  
Silva Čakstiņa ◽  
Guna Bērziņa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Eortc Qlq

Abstract Aims To determine the most frequently utilized functional status assessment instruments for patients with brain tumors, compare their contents, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and their psychometric properties. Methods A scoping review was conducted to explore possible assessment instruments and summarize the evidence. A systematic literature search was performed for identification of the frequently used functional assessment tool in clinical trials in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest databases. The content of most used instruments was linked to the ICF categories. The psychometric qualities of these assessment tools were systematically searched and analyzed. Results Nine most used assessment tools in clinical trials were identified. The most frequently used assessment instrument is the Karnofsky Performance Scale, which is developed for a general assessment of oncological patients. Out of four self-assessment tools, two were disease-specific (EORTC QLQ-BN20 and FACT-Br), EORTC QLQ-C30 has been shown good psychometric properties in patients with brain tumors as well as in patients with various oncological diseases, similar to the SF-36, it is used in patients with brain tumors as well as in patients with various diseases. The Functional Independence Measure and the Barthel Index were two objective assessment tools that described functioning, but two were neuropsychological tests (MMSE and Trial Making Test). Two hundred eighty-three meaningful concepts were identified and linked to 102 most relevant second-level categories covering all components of the ICF. Forty-nine studies reporting psychometric properties of those nine assessment tools were identified, indicating good reliability and validity for all the instruments. Conclusion Nine most frequently utilized functional status assessment instruments for patients with brain tumors represent all components of the ICF and have good psychometric properties. However, the choice of the tool depends on the clinical question posed and the aim of its use.

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation in Post-Stroke Cognitive Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Convento ◽  
Cristina Russo ◽  
Luca Zigiotto ◽  
Nadia Bolognini
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Neuropsychological Disorders ◽  
Current State ◽  
Stimulation Technique

Abstract. Cognitive rehabilitation is an important area of neurological rehabilitation, which aims at the treatment of cognitive disorders due to acquired brain damage of different etiology, including stroke. Although the importance of cognitive rehabilitation for stroke survivors is well recognized, available cognitive treatments for neuropsychological disorders, such as spatial neglect, hemianopia, apraxia, and working memory, are overall still unsatisfactory. The growing body of evidence supporting the potential of the transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) as tool for interacting with neuroplasticity in the human brain, in turn for enhancing perceptual and cognitive functions, has obvious implications for the translation of this noninvasive brain stimulation technique into clinical settings, in particular for the development of tES as adjuvant tool for cognitive rehabilitation. The present review aims at presenting the current state of art concerning the use of tES for the improvement of post-stroke visual and cognitive deficits (except for aphasia and memory disorders), showing the therapeutic promises of this technique and offering some suggestions for the design of future clinical trials. Although this line of research is still in infancy, as compared to the progresses made in the last years in other neurorehabilitation domains, current findings appear very encouraging, supporting the development of tES for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairments.

scholarly journals Family caregiver emotional distress in advanced cancer: the DME-C scale psychometric properties

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002608
Author(s):  
Joaquín T Limonero ◽  
Jorge Maté-Méndez ◽  
María José Gómez-Romero ◽  
Dolors Mateo-Ortega ◽  
Jesús González-Barboteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
The Family ◽  
End Stage

BackgroundFamily caregivers of patients with advanced illness at end of life often report high levels of emotional distress. To address this emotional distress is necessary to have adequate and reliable screening tools.AimThis study analyses the psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Family Caregiver Emotional Detection Scale for caregivers of patients with end-stage cancer (DME-C, Spanish acronym) who are receiving palliative care (PC).DesignMulticentre, cross-sectional study.Settings/participantsFamily caregivers of patients with advanced cancer at end of life receiving palliative treatment were interviewed to explore their emotional distress through the DME-C scale and other instruments measuring anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)), distress thermometer (DT) and overload (B), as well as a clinical psychological assessment (CPA).Results138 family caregivers, 85 (61.6%) female and 53 (38.4%) male, with an average age of 59.69±13.3 participated in the study. The reliability of the scale, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha, was 0.76, and its stability over time was 0.734. Positive, significant correlations were found between the DME-C and the scores for anxiety and depression registered on the HADS scale, as well as with the total result of this latter scale and the results for B, the DT and the CPA. A statistical analysis of the receiver-operating characteristic curves showed that the scale has a sensitivity and specificity of 75%, and that the cut-off point for the detection of emotional distress was a score ≥11. Fifty-four per cent of the caregivers displayed emotional distress according to this scale.ConclusionsThe DME-C displays good psychometric properties. It is simple, short, reliable and easy to administer. We believe that the instrument is useful for the detection of emotional distress in the family caregivers of hospitalised patients suffering from end-stage illnesses and receiving PC.

scholarly journals Screening tools for common mental disorders in older adults in South Asia: a systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lachlan Fotheringham ◽  
Stella-Maria Paddick ◽  
Evelyn Barron Millar ◽  
Claire Norman ◽  
Ammu Lukose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Older People ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Screening Tools

ABSTRACT Objectives: Common mental disorders (CMDs), particularly depression, are major contributors to the global mental health burden. South Asia, while diverse, has cultural, social, and economic challenges, which are common across the region, not least an aging population. This creates an imperative to better understand how CMD affects older people in this context, which relies on valid and culturally appropriate screening and research tools. This review aims to scope the availability of CMD screening tools for older people in South Asia. As a secondary aim, this review will summarize the use of these tools in epidemiology, and the extent to which they have been validated or adapted for this population. Design: A scoping review was performed, following PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy was developed iteratively in Medline and translated to Embase, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data were extracted from papers in which a tool was used to identify CMD in a South Asian older population (50+), including validation, adaptation, and use in epidemiology. Validation studies meeting the criteria were critically appraised using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies – version 2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Results: Of the 4694 papers identified, 176 met the selection criteria at full-text screening as relevant examples of diagnostic or screening tool use. There were 15 tool validation studies, which were critically appraised. Of these, 10 were appropriate to evaluate as diagnostic tests. All of these tools assessed for depression. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-based tools were predominant with variable diagnostic accuracy across different settings. Methodological issues were substantial based on the QUADAS-2 criteria. In the epidemiological studies identified (n = 160), depression alone was assessed for 82% of the studies. Tools lacking cultural validation were commonly used (43%). Conclusions: This review identifies a number of current research gaps including a need for culturally relevant validation studies, and attention to other CMDs such as anxiety.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document