scholarly journals Investigation of Altered Spontaneous Brain Activities in Patients With Moyamoya Disease Using Percent Amplitude of Fluctuation Method: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Qi Li ◽  
Qian-Min Ge ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Xu-Lin Liao ◽  
Yi-Cong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Chronic Occlusion

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular abnormality characterized by chronic occlusion of large intracranial vessels with smoky vascular development at the base of the skull. In patients with MMD, abnormal spontaneous brain activity would be expected.Purpose: To assess the brain activity changes in patients with MMD by resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), using the percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) analysis method.Materials and Methods: A total of 17 patients with MMD (3 males and 14 females) and 17 healthy control (HC) subjects with matched gender and age were recruited for this study. We used rs-fMRI to scan all the patients with MMD. Spontaneous neural activity was evaluated using the PerAF approach. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the ability of the PerAF to distinguish patients with MMD from HCs. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) tests were performed to assess the emotional status of patients with MMD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) was measured using high-resolution optical coherence tomography (hr-OCT). The relationship between the HADS scores, RNFLT values, and the PerAF signals was assessed using the Pearson's correlation analysis.Results: Compared with HCs, the PerAF signals in patients with MMD were decreased in the Frontal_Sup_Medial_R and Precentral_L, whereas those in the Caudate_L were increased. The areas under the ROC curves indicated that signals in these brain regions could distinguish between patients with MMD and HCs. The PerAF value of Frontal_Sup_Medial_R was positively correlated with the left and right eye RNFLT values and negatively correlated with the HADS scores.Conclusion: In patients with MMD, reduced PerAF signals in the Frontal_Sup_Medial_R, Precentral_L, and Caudate_L may be associated with psychiatric diseases including anxiety and depression and decreased RNFLT may be associated with ophthalmic complications due to the compression of terminal branches of the internal carotid artery in the retinal fiber layer. The PerAF can be used as an effective indicator of ocular complications of MMD and to study the neural mechanism underpinning emotional complications in patients with MMD.

Aberrant Resting-State Regional Activity in Patients with Postpartum Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufen Zhang ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
xiaoming hou ◽  
Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the alterations of individual local connectivity by regional homogeneity (ReHo) in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) during resting state, and their potential correlations with clinical severity. Thirty patients with PPD and twenty-nine matched healthy postpartum women within 4 weeks after delivery were recruited and performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. The ReHo value was computed as Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (KCC) in the present study, and intergroup differences in the voxel manner were analyzed. Correlations between ReHo values and clinical variables were also analyzed. Compared with healthy postpartum women, patients with PPD exhibited significantly higher ReHo in left precuneus and right hippocampus. ReHo was significantly lower in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right insula. Furthermore, ReHo values within the dlPFC negatively correlated with the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) score. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the above four brain regions are all over 0.7. This study provided evidences of aberrant regional functional activity within brain regions involved in the maternal care network in PPD, and may contribute to the further understanding of neurobiology underlying PPD.

scholarly journals Altered Resting State Functional Activity of Brain Regions in Neovascular Glaucoma: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yu ◽  
Chu-Qi Li ◽  
Qian-Min Ge ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Xu-Lin Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
The Right

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a serious eye disease that causes irreversible damage to the eye. It can significantly increase intraocular pressure and cause severe pain, as well as abnormal activity in the cortical and pre-cortical visual systems. However, there are few studies in this area. This trial assessed the altered regional brain activity in patients with NVG using the percentage of fluctuation amplitude (PerAF) method.Methods: Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans were conducted in 18 individuals with NVG and 18 healthy controls (HCs), matched for education level, gender, and age. The PerAF method was applied to assess brain activity. Mean PerAF values of brain regions in NVG and HCs were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: Lower PerAF values were found in the NVG group than in controls in the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri (ACG.R), right superior occipital gyrus (SOG.R) and left superior frontal gyrus (orbital part) (ORBsup.L) (p < 0.001). In contrast, PerAF value was higher in NVG patients than in controls in the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG.L) (p < 0.001). The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and visual analog score (VAS) were significantly and positively correlated with PerAF in ITG.L (r = 0.9331, p < 0.0001; and r = 0.7816, p = 0.0001, respectively).Conclusion: Abnormal activity in the patient’s brain regions further confirms that the NVG affects the entire brain, not just the visual pathways and posterior retinal mechanisms (including the hypothalamic lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary visual cortex). This strengthens our understanding of the NVG and provides potential diagnostic and therapeutic support for patients who are difficult to diagnose and treat early.

Functional MRI

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Fmri Signal ◽  
The Brain

Functional MRI with BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent) imaging is one of the commonly used modalities for studying brain function in neuroscience. The underlying source of the BOLD fMRI signal is the variation in oxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin ratio at the site of neuronal activity in the brain. fMRI is mostly used to map out the location and intensity of brain activity that correlate with mental activities. In recent years, a new approach to fMRI was developed that is called resting-state fMRI. The fMRI signal from this method does not require the brain to perform any goal-directed task; it is acquired with the subject at rest. It was discovered that there are low-frequency fluctuations in the fMRI signal in the brain at rest. The signals originate from spatially distinct functionally related brain regions but exhibit coherent time-synchronous fluctuations. Several of the networks have been identified and are called resting-state networks. These networks represent the strength of the functional connectivity between distinct functionally related brain regions and have been used as imaging markers of various neurological and psychiatric diseases. Resting-state fMRI is also ideally suited for functional brain imaging in disorders of consciousness and in subjects under anesthesia. This book provides a review of the basic principles of fMRI (signal sources, acquisition methods, and data analysis) and its potential clinical applications.

Basic Principles of Functional MRI

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Cheuk Ying Tang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fmri Signal ◽  
The Brain

Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) MRI, also called functional MRI (fMRI), is one of the most widely used modalities for studying brain function. The underlying source of the fMRI signal is blood flow and the oxygenation state of hemoglobin. fMRI is mostly used to map out the location and intensity of brain activity that correlate with mental activities. In recent years, a new approach to fMRI has been developed that is called resting-state fMRI. The fMRI signal from this method does not require the brain to perform a goal-directed task; it is acquired with the subject at rest. It was discovered that there are low-frequency fluctuations in the fMRI signal in the brain at rest. These signals come from spatially distinct brain regions but exhibit coherent, time-synchronous fluctuations. Several of the networks have been identified and are called resting-state networks. The networks represent the strength of the functional connectivity between distinct brain regions and have been used as imaging biomarkers for various neurological and psychiatric diseases. Resting-state fMRI is also ideally suited for functional brain imaging in disorders of consciousness and in subjects under anesthesia. In this chapter, we provide an introductory review of the basic principles of fMRI: signal sources, acquisition methods, and data analysis.

Altered Brain Network Centrality in Patients With Orbital Fracture: A Resting-State fMRI Study. Running Head: DC Alterations in OF Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Nuo Liu ◽  
Yu-Xuan Gao ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Qiu-Yu Li ◽  
Qian-Min Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Orbital Fracture ◽  
Orbital Fractures ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Abstract Objective: We aimed to identify potential functional network brain-activity abnormalities in patients with orbital fractures (OFs) by using the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) method.Methods:We selected 20 patients with OFs (12 men and 8 women) and 20 healthy controls (HCs; 12 men and 8 women) matched by gender, age, and education level for this study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used in various disciplines. We calculated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to differentiate characteristics between patients with orbital fractures and HCs; in addition, we applied correlation analyses between behavioral performance and average DC values in different areas. The DC method served to evaluate spontaneous brain activity.Results:The DC values of patients with OFs were higher in the right cerebellum 9 area (Cerebelum_9_R) and left cerebellar peduncle 2 area (Cerebelum_Crus2_L) than those in HCs. The area under the curve (AUC) values for Cerebelum_9_R and Cerebelum_Crus2_L were 0.983 and 1, respectively. The accuracy of our ROC curve analysis result was reliable. Conclusion:Many brain regions seem to show abnormal brain network characteristics in patients with orbital fractures, suggesting potential neuropathic mechanisms.

Investigation of changes in activity and function in acute unilateral open globe injury–associated brain regions based on percent amplitude of fluctuation method: a resting-state functional MRI study

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110340
Author(s):  
Chu-Qi Li ◽  
Fan Yao ◽  
Chen-Yu Yu ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Li-Juan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Open Globe Injury ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Open Globe

Background Open globe injury (OGI) is a serious condition that can lead to visual impairment and lifelong sequelae, brain activity of some brain regions would change in patients with OGI. Purpose To evaluate changes in brain activity associated with unilateral OGI by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and analysis of percentage amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF). Material and Methods A total of 22 patients with OGI (12 men, 10 women) and 22 healthy controls (HCs) matched for sex, age, and body weight were enrolled. All patients underwent rs-fMRI scans. Brain activity in the relevant brain regions was assessed with the PerAF method. The ability of PerAF to distinguish patients with OGI from HCs was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. We also examined the relationship between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores and PerAF signals by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results PerAF values in amygdala_R and Frontal_Inf_Orb_L/Frontal_Inf_Oper_L were increased whereas that in Cerebellum Anterior Lobe/Cerebelum_8_L was decreased in patients with OGI compared to HCs. The areas under the ROC curve showed that these brain regions could distinguish between patients with OGI and HCs. The PerAF value of amygdala_R was positively correlated with HADS scores. Conclusion Changes in PerAF in the amygdala_R, Frontal_inferior_Orb_L/Frontal_Inf_Oper_L, and Cerebellum Anterior Lobe/Cerebelum_8_L in patients with OGI may be related to an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. PerAF can be used to investigate the neural basis of complications associated with OGI and monitor disease progression.

scholarly journals Correlated Resting-State Functional MRI Activity of Frontostriatal, Thalamic, Temporal, and Cerebellar Brain Regions Differentiates Stroke Survivors with High Compared to Low Depressive Symptom Scores

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Peter Goodin ◽  
Gemma Lamp ◽  
Rishma Vidyasagar ◽  
Alan Connelly ◽  
Stephen Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Frequency Bands

Background. One in three survivors of stroke experience poststroke depression (PSD). PSD has been linked with poorer recovery of function and cognition, yet our understanding of potential mechanisms is currently limited. Alterations in resting-state functional MRI have been investigated to a limited extent. Fluctuations in low frequency signal are reported, but it is unknown if interactions are present between the level of depressive symptom score and intrinsic brain activity in varying brain regions. Objective. To investigate potential interaction effects between whole-brain resting-state activity and depressive symptoms in stroke survivors with low and high levels of depressive symptoms. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of 63 stroke survivors who were assessed at 3 months poststroke for depression, using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MÅDRS-SIGMA), and for brain activity using fMRI. A MÅDRS-SIGMA score of >8 was classified as high depressive symptoms. Fractional amplitude of frequency fluctuations (fALFF) data across three frequency bands (broadband, i.e., ~0.01–0.08; subbands, i.e., slow-5: ~0.01–0.027 Hz, slow-4: 0.027–0.07) was examined. Results. Of the 63 stroke survivors, 38 were classified as “low-depressive symptoms” and 25 as “high depressive symptoms.” Six had a past history of depression. We found interaction effects across frequency bands in several brain regions that differentiated the two groups. The broadband analysis revealed interaction effects in the left insula and the left superior temporal lobe. The subband analysis showed contrasting fALFF response between the two groups in the left thalamus, right caudate, and left cerebellum. Across the three frequency bands, we found contrasting fALFF response in areas within the fronto-limbic-thalamic network and cerebellum. Conclusions. We provide evidence that fALFF is sensitive to changes in poststroke depressive symptom severity and implicates frontostriatal and cerebellar regions, consistent with previous studies. The use of multiband analysis could be an effective method to examine neural correlates of depression after stroke. The START-PrePARE trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, number ACTRN12610000987066.

scholarly journals Abnormal Percent Amplitude of Fluctuation Changes in Patients With Monocular Blindness: a Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yao ◽  
Qiu-Yu Li ◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Rong-Bin Liang ◽  
Yi-Cong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract Purpose: Previous studies on monocular blindness (MB) have mainly focused on concept and impact. The present study measured spontaneous brain activity in MB patients using the percentage of amplitude fluctuation (PerAF) method.Methods: Twenty-nine patients with MB (21 male and 8 female) and 29 age-, gender-, and weight-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All participants underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The PerAF method was used to analyze the data and evaluate the spontaneous regional brain activity. The ability of PerAF values to distinguish patients with MB from HCs was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between PerAF values of brain regions and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores.Results: PerAF values in Occipital_Mid_L/ Occipital_Mid_R/ Cingulum_Mid_L were significantly lower in patients with MB than in controls. Conversely, values in the Frontal_Sup_Orb_L / Frontal_Inf_Orb_L/ Temporal_Inf_L/ Frontal_Inf_Oper_L were significantly higher in MB patients than in HCs. And the AUC of ROC curves were follows: 0.904, (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.830-0.978) for Frontal_Sup_Orb_L/ Frontal_Inf_Orb_L; Temporal_Inf_L 0.883, (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.794-0.972); Frontal_Inf_Oper_L 0.964, (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.924-1.000), and 0.893 (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.812-0.973) for Occipital_Mid_L; Occipital_Mid_R 0.887, (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.802-0.971); Cingulum_Mid_L 0.855, (p＜0.0001; 95% CI: 0.750-0.960).Conclusion: The results of our study show abnormal activity in some brain regions in patients with MB, indicating that these patients may be at risk of disorder related to these brain regions. These results may reflect the neuropathological mechanisms of MB and facilitate early MB diagnoses.

scholarly journals Resting‐State EEG Microstates Parallel Age‐Related Differences in Allocentric Spatial Working Memory Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeline Jabès ◽  
Giuliana Klencklen ◽  
Paolo Ruggeri ◽  
Christoph M. Michel ◽  
Pamela Banta Lavenex ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Age Related

AbstractAlterations of resting-state EEG microstates have been associated with various neurological disorders and behavioral states. Interestingly, age-related differences in EEG microstate organization have also been reported, and it has been suggested that resting-state EEG activity may predict cognitive capacities in healthy individuals across the lifespan. In this exploratory study, we performed a microstate analysis of resting-state brain activity and tested allocentric spatial working memory performance in healthy adult individuals: twenty 25–30-year-olds and twenty-five 64–75-year-olds. We found a lower spatial working memory performance in older adults, as well as age-related differences in the five EEG microstate maps A, B, C, C′ and D, but especially in microstate maps C and C′. These two maps have been linked to neuronal activity in the frontal and parietal brain regions which are associated with working memory and attention, cognitive functions that have been shown to be sensitive to aging. Older adults exhibited lower global explained variance and occurrence of maps C and C′. Moreover, although there was a higher probability to transition from any map towards maps C, C′ and D in young and older adults, this probability was lower in older adults. Finally, although age-related differences in resting-state EEG microstates paralleled differences in allocentric spatial working memory performance, we found no evidence that any individual or combination of resting-state EEG microstate parameter(s) could reliably predict individual spatial working memory performance. Whether the temporal dynamics of EEG microstates may be used to assess healthy cognitive aging from resting-state brain activity requires further investigation.

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