scholarly journals Sleep Disturbances and Patterns in Children With Neurodevelopmental Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Halstead ◽  
Anna Joyce ◽  
Emma Sullivan ◽  
Carwyn Tywyn ◽  
Kyle Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Parental Presence ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
Sleep Management ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Background: Children with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDC) often experience sleep problems which are long-lasting and more complex than typically developing children. These sleep problems impact their families and there is little guidance for management specifically for sleep for families of children with neurodevelopmental conditions. The present study aims to use parental report to evaluate sleep disturbances and sleep patterns in a large sample of children with NDC. We aim to identify associations with age, diagnosis, and medication groups.Methods: Data on 601 children aged between 2 and 17 years was analyzed from a UK non-profit service for sleep for families of children with NDC. Parents/carers completed the children's sleep habit questionnaire, a 7 day sleep diary, and information on child age, diagnosis, and medication. Parents also reported previous sleep management techniques they had tried.Results: Overall, we found differences between age, diagnosis, and medication use groups for sleep disturbances and sleep diary parameters in these populations. Sensory conditions were associated with high night time waking duration. Parents reported their child's short sleep duration was the most common problem for them.Conclusions: Key areas for further research are outlined including the long term considerations for parental presence at bedtime for sleep anxiety, melatonin use and efficacy, and consideration for interventions to reduce daytime fatigue in children aged 7–11 years old.

scholarly journals 0972 Persistence, Remission, Acquisition Of Sleep Disturbances Contributes To The Transition Of Emotional/behavioral Problems In Preschool Children

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A369-A369
Author(s):  
Y Deng ◽  
G Wang ◽  
W Li ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
J Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
The Third ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Abstract Introduction Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have consistently reported associations between sleep disturbances and emotional/behavioral problems in children. However, few studies have examined whether the remission, acquisition of sleep disturbances contribute to the transition of emotional and behavioral problems during preschool years. Methods This study used data from the Shanghai Children’s Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation-Preschool (SCHEDULEA-P), a prospective, population-based cohort study of newly enrolled preschoolers in Shanghai kindergartens in Nov. 2016. In total, 17182 children with complete data on parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) both at school enrollment(wave 1) and the third year(wave 2) were included in the study. Children’s sleep disturbances were measured using Children Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) at both waves. Results The 17182 participants included 8935(52.0%) males, with a mean (SD) age of 3.73(0.29) years at wave 1. 66.9%, 7.2%, 17.4% and 8.5% of these children were divided into persistent sleep disturbance, acquired, remitted group and persistent normal sleep group, respectively. The proportion of persistent, acquired, remitted emotional/behavioral problems and normal group was 13.7%, 9.4%, 21.1%, 55.8%. SDQ scores of acquired sleep disturbances group stayed high at wave 3, while SDQ scores of remitted sleep disturbances group decreased sharply during the preschool years. After adjusted for confounding factors, the odds of remission from emotional/behavioral problems among children who experienced remission of sleep disturbances, who had persistent normal sleep were both much higher compared to those who had persistent sleep disturbances (OR=2.53(2.12-3.01), p<0.001; OR=2.74(2.01-3.75), p<0.001). Meanwhile, the odds of acquisition of emotional/behavioral problems at wave 2 among subjects who newly acquired sleep disturbances at wave 2 and who had persistent sleep disturbances was similarly higher than those who never have sleep disturbances(OR= 2.75, P<0.001 VS OR=2.77, P<0.001). Besides, those who experience remission of sleep disturbances still have 1.48 times the odds of acquisition of emotional / behavioral problems(P=0.006). Conclusion The remission of sleep disturbances contributed to the remission of emotional/behavioral problems, while the emergence of sleep disturbances throughout preschool years increased the risk of the acquisition of emotional/behavioral problems. Support Supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China (81773443, 81728017, 81602870, 81601162, 81602868)

Sleep disturbances in adults with frailty and sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Reona Chiba ◽  
Yuki Ohashi ◽  
Akiko Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Several epidemiological studies have reported an age-related increase in the prevalence of sleep disturbances. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep and sarcopenia/frailty in older adults and clarify issues that remain to be addressed in future studies. Design/methodology/approach PubMed was searched for relevant studies with the following keywords in the title: “sleep” and “sarcopenia” or “sleep” and “frailty.” A total of 15 studies published in English between 1998 and 2018 were reviewed. Findings Among the four studies that examined the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep, two reported that long or short sleep duration increased the risk of sarcopenia and this association was more pronounced in women than men. Among the seven studies examining the relationship between frailty and sleep, four reported that higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were associated with an increased risk of frailty. Practical implications Most previous studies have focused on interventions targeting a single area such as muscle strength or exercise habits, in older adults at risk for frailty. The results suggest that interventions targeting improved sleep may positively impact the maintenance of muscle strength. Originality/value The literature review revealed that too much or too little sleep increases the risk of sarcopenia in older adults. Further, sleep deprivation, greater night-time wakefulness and reduced sleep quality increase the risk of frailty. Interestingly, the risk of mortality is increased in individuals with daytime functional disorders such as excessive drowsiness or napping habits.

Caregiver Reports of Sleep Problems on a Convenience Sample of Children With Fragile X Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kronk ◽  
Ronald Dahl ◽  
Robert Noll
Keyword(s):  
Fragile X Syndrome ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Abstract Caregivers reported on sleep in a convenience sample of 90 children with fragile X syndrome utilizing a standardized assessment tool, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and a 14-day sleep diary. CSHQ data indicated that 47% of participants had sleep problems at a level that suggested referral and further evaluation. Sleep diary data indicated high rates of several sleep problems. These problems did not appear to follow a typical developmental trajectory and were not related to gender or demographic variables. Nineteen percent of the sample was currently receiving medication to improve sleep; however, there were no significant differences between those receiving medications and those not receiving medications.

scholarly journals Sleep Habit/Sleepiness Questionnaires: A Useful Tool to Identify Correlation Between Sleep, Academic Performance and Obesity Promotion in Improving Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1170-1170
Author(s):  
Pratibha Gupta ◽  
Matt Collins
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Sleep Habit

Abstract Objectives Identify, compare sleep habit questionnaires for use in a study of college student's body compositions, and academic performances. Methods Decades of research supports the importance of proper sleep habits for college students for optimum academic performances and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Instrument that can identify students who experience sleep disturbances and who do not get enough sleep is important in preventing obesity in college students during their college experience and afterwords. Some surveys were created for the clinical setting to determine if further diagnostics testing is necessary, while others were designed for use in academic research to be used individually, combined into composite measure of sleep or as covariates. Available instruments measure many different variables from day time sleepiness to chronotype and jet-lag. No single survey stands out as an all -encompassing sleep different aspect of sleep. No cross comparison of instruments measuring the same variable is therefore possible. Sleep survey is considered ensuring that the chosen survey was designed to measure the variables of interest. Following scales were used in the study: Standford Sleepiness Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Horne-Ostberg Moringness Eveningness Questionnaire, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Results Students not meeting public health recommendations for sleep quality and quantity were found to have a significantly lower grade point average and individuals with sleep disturbances and short sleep duration have a significantly higher incidence of obesity. Conclusions Each instrument was created to measure a specific but different aspect of sleep. When conducting research with these tools, another questionnaire may be necessary to provide data specifically about the the subject's sleep habits. The Pittsburgh Sleep quality index has seen through use both clinically and in research. However, it requires another questionnaires to provide data on other variables. Each questionnaire effectively measures the concept it was designed to measure. Therefore, the choice of appropriate instrument should be based on the question, “which survey measures the variable that I wish to measure?”, not which survey is the best? Funding Sources NIMHD BRIC Grant 2009–2013 Central State University.

scholarly journals AB0753 ASSESSMENT OF SLEEP PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE: A SURVEY-BASED STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1404.3-1405
Author(s):  
S. Tharwat
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Chronic Heart Disease ◽  
Children’S Sleep Habits Questionnaire ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Background:Kawasaki disease (KD) is a type of vasculitis that affects mainly medium and small arteries,especially the coronary arteries (1).It mainly affects children under the age of five (2).Sleep disturbances are more prevalent among medically ill children and adults and may have a negative impact on their health related quality of life (3, 4).To the best of our knowledge,sleep problems have not previously studied in KD patients.Objectives:This study aimed to investigate sleep problems, sleep disturbances and the relation between sleep problems and clinical manifestations among patients with KD.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed using a written survey. Participants were invited through social media groups including patients and parents of children with KD. The survey included questions about demographic data, KD manifestations, disease duration and treatment received for management of the disease. Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (33-item version) was also included in the survey (5).Results:There was a total of 262 survey participants (130 KD and 132 age- and sex matched healthy controls). There was no significant difference in the frequency of clinically significant sleep disturbance between patients with KD and healthy controls. However, the total sleep score was significantly higher in KD patients than health controls (p<.001).Total sleep duration was significantly higher in patients with KD (4.94±1.88 vs 3.74 ±1.14 hr, p<.001).Additionally KD patients had significantly higher scores regarding sleep onset delay (p=.001),night wakings (p<.001),parasomnias (p<.001) and sleep disordered breathing (p<.001) when compared to healthy controls.KD Patients who manifested with chronic heart disease or lethargy had significantly higher sleep score than patients without (p=.015,.039 respectively).Conclusion:This study showed that patients with KD had more sleep disturbance than their healthy peers. The presence of either chronic heart disease or lethargy is associated with poor sleep quality.This study highlights the need for assessment of sleep disorders in KD patients.References:[1]Hedrich CM, Schnabel A, Hospach T. Kawasaki Disease. Front Pediatr. 2018;6:198-.[2]Singh S, Gupta MK, Bansal A, Kumar RM, Mittal BR. A comparison of the clinical profile of Kawasaki disease in children from Northern India above and below 5 years of age. Clinical and experimental rheumatology. 2007;25(4):654-7.[3]van Golde EG, Gutter T, de Weerd AW. Sleep disturbances in people with epilepsy; prevalence, impact and treatment. Sleep medicine reviews. 2011;15(6):357-68.[4]Roehrs T, Diederichs C, Gillis M, Burger AJ, Stout RA, Lumley MA, et al. Nocturnal sleep, daytime sleepiness and fatigue in fibromyalgia patients compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy controls: a preliminary study. Sleep medicine. 2013;14(1):109-15.[5]Silva FG, Silva CR, Braga LB, Serrão Neto A. Portuguese Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire-validation and cross-cultural comparison. Jornal de pediatria. 2014;90(1):78-84.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Sleep Disorder in Children Suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Hilly Area of Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Shweta Joshi ◽  
Sushil Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Children’S Sleep ◽  
Age Range

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) includes neurodevelopmental problems throughout life that affect all areas of child development such as abnormal and impaired social interaction, problems in communication, restricted interest, repetitive and stereotypical behaviors. Sleep problems are most commonly complained by parents of children suffering from ASD. About 20-30% of children less than 5 years with normal development give complaints of sleep problems mainly of bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay and night awakening. Less commonly reported sleep disturbance by parents is nightmares or night terrors repetitive and stereotypical behavior. Less frequently reported complain is of breathing sleep disorder. It has already been proved by many studies that ASD children have more complaints about sleep problems than in normal children. But the data of children with ASD having sleep problems in the Indian population is less, so with our study we want to know the prevalence of ASD children with sleep problems in children of the hilly area of Uttarakhand. Objective: The study aims to know the different problems related to sleep faced by children suffering from ASD ( Age range from 4 to 10 years ) with autistic spectrum disorders using the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire (Preschool and school-age, abbreviated version). Subjects and Method s: All patients of ASD presenting to the Psychiatry and Pediatric Outpatient department of Government Medical College and Susheela Tiwari trust Hospital, Haldwani, Uttarakhand from in February 2019 to January 2020. It’s a cross-sectional study of children with different problems related to sleep faced by children suffering from ASD ( Age range from 4 to 10 years ) with autistic spectrum disorders using the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) (Preschool and school-age, abbreviated version). Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics: The sample consisted of 30 children of ASD with sleep problems ( Mean Age 8.06 years, SD 3.25, Male 21 and Female 9 Children) age range from 4 Years to 10 Years and is compare from 30 normal children (mean age 9.06 Years, SD 3.15, Male 21 and Female 9) for the control group. Both groups were analysed using CSHQ tools. There were no statistically significant differences in age and gender (P value more than 0.05). About 60% (n=18) of the children suffering from ASD had an intellectual disability and 40% (n=12) children with ASD had normal Intellectual. Comparison of Total CSHQ score, bedtime resistance and sleep anxiety showed a statistically significant difference in children suffering from ASD with sleep disorder when compared from normal children. Using CSHQ tools sleep onset delay, night waking, day time sleepiness, parasomnias and sleep –disorder breathing does not show any statistical difference between children with ASD and normal children used as Control. Conclusion: This study compared sleep problems between children with ASD and typically developing children (4-10 Years of age) and examined associated factors of sleep problems in ASD from a different point of view.

scholarly journals Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire in Two Subpopulations from Cape Verde and Mozambique: Exploratory and Regression Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Inês Marques Carneiro ◽  
Pedro Fonseca ◽  
Rosário Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Children’S Sleep Habits Questionnaire ◽  
Daytime Nap ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Introduction: Children’s sleep habits are profoundly affected by socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors. We aim to describe the sleep habits of pediatric sub-populations from Cape Verde and Mozambique using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and to ascertain the determinants of the questionnaire’s score.Material and Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys in surveillance appointments in Cape Verde and in a school in Maputo (Mozambique). The Cape Verde sample included 206 children (mean age: 6.5) and the Mozambique sample 454 children (mean age: 8). The Portuguese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was used to evaluate the children’s sleep habits. The distributions of the questionnaire’s scores across different levels of the demographic variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. We used regression models to quantify the relationship between the demographic variables and the questionnaire’s scores.Results: Cape Verde sample: Questionnaire median score: 50 (range 36 – 81). Prevalence of sleep problems: 29.9% (cut-off = 56). Prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems: 22.8%. Co-sleeping: 63%. Bedtime television: 30%. Daytime nap: 63%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s educational level, the children’s age group, and with the frequency of daytime napping. Mozambique Sample: Median Questionnaire score: 48 (range 35 – 77). Prevalence of sleep problems: 28.4% (cut-off: 52). Percentage of parent-reported sleep problems: 6.9%. Co-sleeping: 29%. Bedtime television: 33%. Daytime nap: 23%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s nationality, the father educational level, and with the frequency of bedtime television.Discussion: Parents tend to overestimate the quality of their children’s sleep. The prevalence of sleep disturbances and the cut-off values are higher than observed in previous studies, which may be due to the existence of different standards and cultural expectations across populations. Bedtime television, typically associated with more disturbed sleep, is frequent in both samples. Co-sleeping and daytime napping are frequent in the Cape Verde sample; wetting the bed is common and more prevalent than in previous studies. Bed-sharing increases the parents’ awareness of their children’s sleep quality, contributing to the high prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems.Conclusion: Parent-reported sleep problems underestimate the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire results. This is not necessarily indicative of more disturbed sleep and might reflect differences in sleep behavior, childcare practice, and cognitions and attitudes towards the concept of ‘normal’ sleep.

scholarly journals Sleep Disturbances in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Their Siblings

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Brooke Russell ◽  
Erin L Merz ◽  
Kathleen Reynolds ◽  
Fiona Schulte ◽  
Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Survivor Group

Abstract Objective Sleep disturbances have been identified by patients with cancer as common and distressing; however, conflicting evidence about the prevalence of these outcomes exists for survivors of childhood cancers. Additionally, little is known about how the experience of cancer might impact survivor siblings’ sleep. The current study compared the sleep of survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were 2–7 years off therapy and their siblings to healthy control/sibling dyads. Methods Participants (survivors, n = 45; survivor siblings, n = 27; controls, n = 45; control siblings, n = 41; 58% male) aged 8–18 (m = 11.64) completed a 7-day sleep diary and seven consecutive days of actigraphy. Parents (n = 90) completed the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire for each of their children. Results No between-group differences were found on measures of sleep diaries or actigraphy. Parents reported that survivor siblings had significantly poorer sleep habits than survivors or controls. For survivors, greater time off treatment and younger age at diagnosis were associated with less total sleep time, more wake after sleep onset, and decreased sleep efficiency via actigraphy. Conclusion Sleep across all groups was consistent and below national guidelines. Although the survivor group did not have poorer sleep compared to their siblings or matched controls, within the survivor group, those who were diagnosed at an earlier age and those who were further off treatment had more disrupted sleep. Parent reports suggested that survivor siblings may be at risk for sleep problems.

scholarly journals Sleeping Habits Amongst Riyadh Children: A Cross-Sectional and Validation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
May Wathiq Al-Khudhairy ◽  
Sarah M Al-Sufyani ◽  
Hadeel T Al-Otaibi ◽  
Randa A Mahjoub ◽  
Asma H Al-Shehri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Sleeping Habits ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Abstract Background: To validate the Arabic translation of the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire and determine the behavioral prevalence of sleep habits amongst school aged children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This prospective cross sectional study involved a Linguistic validation involving 50 bilingual parent participants in each of the Arabic and English Surveys, with a cross sectional pilot involving 1546 parent participants regarding their children’s Sleeping Habits. The Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire was distributed via Survey Monkey and subjected to IBM-SPSS statistics. Parents of 1546 school aged children ranging from 3 years to 12 years of age completed the survey.Results: The Total score of all domains ranged between 11 and 70. Mean Score of 35-37 in 11 % of this population. The Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire scores were High in comparison to the Owen’s article; greater research is needed to determine the underlying causes of the increased likelihood of sleep disorders.Conclusion: Our findings, especially in sleep anxiety are alarming and warrant for more research to determine underlying causes of the more prevalent sleep disorders (Sleep Anxiety) and any other apparent or possible causes for sleep disturbances amongst children.

scholarly journals Sleep disturbances in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Beaulieu-Bonneau ◽  
Carol Hudon
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Reported Data

ABSTRACTBackground:Normal aging and dementia are characterized by increased prevalence of sleep disorders and alterations of both sleep continuity and architecture. However, little is still known about the nature of sleep in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is presumably situated on the continuum from healthy aging to dementia. This unsystematic review summarizes the current literature on the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances in MCI.Methods:Eighteen studies addressing sleep/night-time disturbances among other neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with MCI were identified through a search of databases and an examination of reference lists of selected papers. Fifteen of those studies reported data on prevalence or severity of sleep/night-time disturbances.Results:Results indicated that 14–59% of patients with MCI had sleep disturbances. These disturbances were often identified as one of the four most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms of MCI and were considered as clinically significant in some studies. In addition, there was some evidence that the prevalence of sleep disturbances in MCI is intermediate between that of normal aging and dementia. Longitudinal data suggest that sleep problems are associated with both incident MCI and dementia.Conclusions:These findings support the hypothesis that sleep disturbances are one of the core non-cognitive symptoms of MCI. It remains to be known whether sleep problems could help to identify those individuals with MCI who will eventually develop dementia. Studies characterizing sleep more systematically are needed to verify this proposition and to clarify the associations between sleep disturbances and other neuropsychiatric symptoms of MCI.

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