QTLs and Potential Candidate Genes for Heat Stress Tolerance Identified from the Mapping Populations Specifically Segregating for Fv/Fm in Wheat

AbstractAddressing the impact of heat stress during flowering and grain filling is critical to sustaining wheat productivity to meet a steadily increasing demand from a rapidly growing world population. Crop wild progenitor species of wheat possess a wealth of genetic diversity for several biotic and abiotic stresses, and morphological traits and can serve as valuable donors. The transfer of useful variation from the diploid progenitor, Aegilops tauschii, to hexaploid wheat can be done through the generation of synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW). The present study targeted the identification of potential primary SHWs to introduce new genetic variability for heat stress tolerance. Selected SHWs were screened for different yield-associated traits along with three advanced breeding lines and durum parents as checks for assessing terminal heat stress tolerance under timely and late sown conditions for two consecutive seasons. Heat tolerance index based on the number of productive tillers and thousand grain weight indicated that three synthetics, syn9809 (64.32, 78.80), syn14128 (50.30, 78.28) and syn14135 (58.16, 76.03), were able to endure terminal heat stress better than other SHWs as well as checks. One of these synthetics, syn14128, recorded a minimum reduction in thousand kernel weight (21%), chlorophyll content (2.56%), grain width (1.07%) despite minimum grain-filling duration (36.15 d) and has been selected as a potential candidate for introducing the terminal heat stress tolerance in wheat breeding programmes. Breeding efforts using these candidate donors will help develop lines with a higher potential to express the desired heat stress-tolerant phenotype under field conditions.

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Transcripts of wheat at a target locus on chromosome 6B associated with increased yield, leaf mass and chlorophyll index under combined drought and heat stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241966

Author(s):

Jessica Schmidt ◽

Melissa Garcia ◽

Chris Brien ◽

Priyanka Kalambettu ◽

Trevor Garnett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance ◽

Drought And Heat Stress

Drought and heat stress constrain wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields globally. To identify putative mechanisms and candidate genes associated with combined drought and heat stress tolerance, we developed bread wheat near-isogenic lines (NILs) targeting a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6B which was previously associated with combined drought and heat stress tolerance in a diverse panel of wheats. Genotyping-by-sequencing was used to identify additional regions that segregated in allelic pairs between the recurrent and the introduced exotic parent, genome-wide. NILs were phenotyped in a gravimetric platform with precision irrigation and exposed to either drought or to combined drought and heat stress from three days after anthesis. An increase in grain weight in NILs carrying the exotic allele at 6B locus was associated with thicker, greener leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity and increased water use index after re-watering. RNA sequencing of developing grains at early and later stages of treatment revealed 75 genes that were differentially expressed between NILs across both treatments and timepoints. Differentially expressed genes coincided with the targeted QTL on chromosome 6B and regions of genetic segregation on chromosomes 1B and 7A. Pathway enrichment analysis showed the involvement of these genes in cell and gene regulation, metabolism of amino acids and transport of carbohydrates. The majority of these genes have not been characterized previously under drought or heat stress and they might serve as candidate genes for improved abiotic stress tolerance.

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Major QTLs and Potential Candidate Genes for Heat Stress Tolerance Identified in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.655103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Uday Chand Jha ◽

Harsh Nayyar ◽

Ramesh Palakurthi ◽

Rintu Jha ◽

Vinod Valluri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Cicer Arietinum ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Major Qtls ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance ◽

Heat Tolerant ◽

Balance Index

In the context of climate change, heat stress during the reproductive stages of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) leads to significant yield losses. In order to identify the genomic regions responsible for heat stress tolerance, a recombinant inbred line population derived from DCP 92-3 (heat sensitive) and ICCV 92944 (heat tolerant) was genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing approach and evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) under normal and late sown or heat stress environments. A high-density genetic map comprising 788 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers spanning 1,125 cM was constructed. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 77 QTLs (37 major and 40 minor) were identified for 12 of 13 traits. A genomic region on CaLG07 harbors quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining >30% phenotypic variation for days to pod initiation, 100 seed weight, and for nitrogen balance index explaining >10% PVE. In addition, we also reported for the first time major QTLs for proxy traits (physiological traits such as chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, normalized difference vegetative index, and cell membrane stability). Furthermore, 32 candidate genes in the QTL regions that encode the heat shock protein genes, heat shock transcription factors, are involved in flowering time regulation as well as pollen-specific genes. The major QTLs reported in this study, after validation, may be useful in molecular breeding for developing heat-tolerant superior lines or varieties.

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Heat Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.): Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes for Seedling Growth Under Heat Stress

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2018.01578 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Newton Lwiyiso Kilasi ◽

Jugpreet Singh ◽

Carlos Eduardo Vallejos ◽

Changrong Ye ◽

S. V. Krishna Jagadish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance

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Ethylene involvement in the regulation of heat stress tolerance in plants

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-021-02675-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Poór ◽

Kashif Nawaz ◽

Ravi Gupta ◽

Farha Ashfaque ◽

M. Iqbal R. Khan

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance

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Evaluation of heat stress tolerance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using stress tolerance indices in western region of Nepal

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research ◽

10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100179 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100179

Author(s):

Padam Bahadur Poudel ◽

Mukti Ram Poudel ◽

Ramesh Raj Puri

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Western Region ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance ◽

Tolerance Indices

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Genotype and Trait Specific Responses to Rapamycin Intake in Drosophila melanogaster

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12050474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 474

Author(s):

Palle Duun Rohde ◽

Asbjørn Bøcker ◽

Caroline Amalie Bastholm Jensen ◽

Anne Louise Bergstrøm ◽

Morten Ib Juul Madsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Side Effects ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Treated Group ◽

Model System ◽

Treatment Efficiency ◽

Evolutionarily Conserved ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance

Rapamycin is a powerful inhibitor of the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway, which is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, that plays a central role in plants and animals. Rapamycin is used globally as an immunosuppressant and as an anti-aging medicine. Despite widespread use, treatment efficiency varies considerably across patients, and little is known about potential side effects. Here we seek to investigate the effects of rapamycin by using Drosophila melanogaster as model system. Six isogenic D. melanogaster lines were assessed for their fecundity, male longevity and male heat stress tolerance with or without rapamycin treatment. The results showed increased longevity and heat stress tolerance for male flies treated with rapamycin. Conversely, the fecundity of rapamycin-exposed individuals was lower than for flies from the non-treated group, suggesting unwanted side effects of the drug in D. melanogaster. We found strong evidence for genotype-by-treatment interactions suggesting that a ‘one size fits all’ approach when it comes to treatment with rapamycin is not recommendable. The beneficial responses to rapamycin exposure for stress tolerance and longevity are in agreement with previous findings, however, the unexpected effects on reproduction are worrying and need further investigation and question common believes that rapamycin constitutes a harmless drug.

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HSP70-4 and farnesylated AtJ3 constitute a specific HSP70/HSP40-based chaperone machinery essential for prolonged heat stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153430 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153430

Author(s):

Tzu-Yun Wang ◽

Jia-Rong Wu ◽

Ngoc Kieu Thi Duong ◽

Chung-An Lu ◽

Ching-Hui Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance ◽

Prolonged Heat

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Overexpression of the Golden SNP-Carrying Orange Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Heat Stress Tolerance in Sweetpotato Plants

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10010051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

So-Eun Kim ◽

Chan-Ju Lee ◽

Sul-U Park ◽

Ye-Hoon Lim ◽

Woo Sung Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

35S Promoter ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Heat Stress Tolerance

Carotenoids function as photosynthetic accessory pigments, antioxidants, and vitamin A precursors. We recently showed that transgenic sweetpotato calli overexpressing the mutant sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) Orange gene (IbOr-R96H), which carries a single nucleotide polymorphism responsible for Arg to His substitution at amino acid position 96, exhibited dramatically higher carotenoid content and abiotic stress tolerance than calli overexpressing the wild-type IbOr gene (IbOr-WT). In this study, we generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing IbOr-R96H under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The total carotenoid contents of IbOr-R96H storage roots (light-orange flesh) and IbOr-WT storage roots (light-yellow flesh) were 5.4–19.6 and 3.2-fold higher, respectively, than those of non-transgenic (NT) storage roots (white flesh). The β-carotene content of IbOr-R96H storage roots was up to 186.2-fold higher than that of NT storage roots. In addition, IbOr-R96H plants showed greater tolerance to heat stress (47 °C) than NT and IbOr-WT plants, possibly because of higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABA contents. These results indicate that IbOr-R96H is a promising strategy for developing new sweetpotato cultivars with improved carotenoid contents and heat stress tolerance.

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