Genetic Diversity Linked to Haplotype Variation in the World Core Collection of Trifolium subterraneum for Boron Toxicity Tolerance Provides Valuable Markers for Pasture Breeding

Pepper (Capsicum sp.) is important in human diets in many parts of the world and a major source of several antioxidants, including carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols and phenolics. More information on genetic diversity within Capsicum for antioxidant (AO) content and antioxidant activity (AOA) could contribute to improved human health. We evaluated 46 Capsicum accessions from AVRDC—the World Vegetable Center Capsicum core collection for content of nine AO (five carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols α and γ, and total phenolics) and two AOA assays for 2 years in south Taiwan. Ample genetic diversity exists within C. annuum to increase AO content. Based on dry weight values, non-pungent C. annuum entries as a group were significantly greater than pungent entries for contents of β-cryptoxanthin (36%), ascorbic acid (65%), total phenolics (36%) and α-tocopherol (11%). Group means of the brown-fruited entries exceeded the means of red-fruited entries for capsanthin (34%), zeaxanthin (37%), lutein (36%), β-cryptoxanthin (71%), β-carotene (82%), ascorbic acid (19%) and α-tocopherol (40%). Red-fruited C. annuum entries ‘Verdano Poblano’ and ‘Guajillo Ancho’ from Mexico ranked among the entries highest for all carotenoids, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation (ILP) assay could be adopted for AOA characterization or selection because of high variation among entries and consistent entry performance over years. ILP was positively correlated with phenolics (r=0.72**) and ascorbic acid (r=0.58**) contents. Significant positive correlations were detected between most carotenoids as well as a significant positive correlation between ascorbic acid and total phenolics contents (r=0.78**).

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Genetic diversity among Spanish pea (Pisum sativum L.) landraces, pea cultivars and the World Pisum sp. core collection assessed by retrotransposon-based insertion polymorphisms (RBIPs)

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/20110901-214-10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A. Martin-Sanz ◽

C. Caminero ◽

R. Jing ◽

A. J. Flavell ◽

M. Perez de la Vega

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Core Collection ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

The World

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Use of RFLP markers to study genetic diversity and to build a core-collection of the wild wheat relative Ae. geniculata Roth (= Ae. ovata L.)

Genetics Selection Evolution ◽

10.1186/bf03500884 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maria Zaharleva ◽

Sylvain Santoni ◽

Jacques David

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Core Collection ◽

Rflp Markers ◽

Wild Wheat

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Unveiling a unique genetic diversity of cultivated Coffea arabica L. in its main domestication center: Yemen

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ◽

10.1007/s10722-021-01139-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C. Montagnon ◽

A. Mahyoub ◽

W. Solano ◽

F. Sheibani

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Coffea Arabica ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

The World ◽

Genetic Clusters ◽

Domestication Process ◽

Almost All ◽

Coffea Arabica L ◽

Cup Quality

AbstractWhilst it is established that almost all cultivated coffee (Coffea arabica L.) varieties originated in Yemen after some coffee seeds were introduced into Yemen from neighboring Ethiopia, the actual coffee genetic diversity in Yemen and its significance to the coffee world had never been explored. We observed five genetic clusters. The first cluster, which we named the Ethiopian-Only (EO) cluster, was made up exclusively of the Ethiopian accessions. This cluster was clearly separated from the Yemen and cultivated varieties clusters, hence confirming the genetic distance between wild Ethiopian accessions and coffee cultivated varieties around the world. The second cluster, which we named the SL-17 cluster, was a small cluster of cultivated worldwide varieties and included no Yemen samples. Two other clusters were made up of worldwide varieties and Yemen samples. We named these the Yemen Typica-Bourbon cluster and the Yemen SL-34 cluster. Finally, we observed one cluster that was unique to Yemen and was not related to any known cultivated varieties and not even to any known Ethiopian accession: we name this cluster the New-Yemen cluster. We discuss the consequences of these findings and their potential to pave the way for further comprehensive genetic improvement projects for the identification of major resilience/adaptation and cup quality genes that have been shaped through the domestication process of C. arabica.

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Genetic diversity in Italian tomato landraces: Implications for the development of a core collection

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2014.01.027 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 168 ◽

pp. 138-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Giandomenico Corrado ◽

Martina Caramante ◽

Pietro Piffanelli ◽

Rosa Rao

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Core Collection

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Genetic diversity of Avena strigosa Schreb. ecotypes on the basis of isoenzyme markers

Biodiversity Research and Conservation ◽

10.2478/v10119-009-0013-3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Katarzyna Kubiak

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Avena Strigosa ◽

Total Genetic Diversity ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

The World ◽

Total Variability ◽

The Mean ◽

Intrapopulation Diversity ◽

Very High

Genetic diversity ofAvena strigosaSchreb. ecotypes on the basis of isoenzyme markersGenetic diversity was analyzed in 19 ecotypes of the diploid oatA. strigosaoriginating from various geographical regions of the world. Six isoenzyme systems (AAT, ACP, EST, LAP, MDH, PX) were studied and 16 loci were identified. Only two loci (Est4andMdh2) were polymorphic. Ecotypes were characterized by the percentage of polymorphic loci (P=3.3%), the mean number of alleles per locus (A=1.04) and intrapopulation diversity (HS=0.013). Total genetic diversity (HT=0.07) and interpopulation diversity (DST=0.057) were examined as well. The value of the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST=0.821) indicated that diversity among populations was an important contributor to total variability. Genetic similarity betweenA. strigosapopulations was very high (IN=0.94). Cluster analysis did not demonstrate strongly differentiated groups among the ecotypes examined.

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Genetic Diversity of Salvia Species Assessed by ISSR and RAPD Markers

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha44210391 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 431-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Masoumeh YOUSEFIAZARKHANIAN ◽

Ali ASGHARI ◽

Jafar AHMADI ◽

Behvar ASGHARI ◽

Ali Ashraf JAFARI

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Polymorphisms ◽

Genomic Dna ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Genetic Variations ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

The World

The genus Salvia includes an enormous assemblage of nearly 1,000 species dispersed around the world. Due to possible threats to this genus, there is an immediate requirement to evaluate the diversity of its wild populations. ISSR and RAPD molecular techniques were used to evaluate the genetic relationships among twenty-one ecotypes of eight Salvia species. Amplification of genomic DNA using 23 primers (15 RAPD and eight ISSR) produced 280 bands, of which 91% were polymorphic. The results of marker parameters showed no clear difference between two marker systems. It was generally observed that both ISSR and RAPD markers had similar efficiency in detecting genetic polymorphisms with remarkable ability to differentiate the closely related ecotypes of Salvia. Neiâ€™s similarity coefficients for these techniques ranged from 0.48 to 0.98. Based on the results of clustering, PCoA and AMOVA, the genetic diversity between and within species was confirmed. So, conservation and domestication of the genus Salvia must be due to levels of genetic variations.

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