scholarly journals Vertical Canopy Profile and the Impact of Branches on Soybean Seed Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Moro Rosso ◽  
André Froes de Borja Reis ◽  
Ignacio Antonio Ciampitti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Morphological Process ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
The Impact

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds are of global importance for human and animal nutrition due to their high protein and oil concentrations, and their complete amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) profiles. However, a detailed description of seed composition at different canopy portions (i.e., main stem and branch nodes) is currently lacking in scientific literature. This study aims to (1) characterize seed yield and composition (protein, oil, AA, and FA) at the main stem (exploring a vertical canopy profile) and stem branches and (2) quantify the impact of canopy yield allocation on seed composition, focusing on branches as a potential contributor for higher yields. Four genotypes were field-grown during the 2018 and 2019 seasons, with seeds manually harvested from all the branches and three main stem segments (lower, middle, and upper). Seed samples were analyzed for seed yield (Mg/ha), seed size (mg/seed), protein and oil content (mg/seed) and their respective concentrations (g/kg), and AA and FA concentrations within protein and oil (g/100 g), herein called abundance. The upper main stem produced greater protein (25%) and oil (15%) content relative to the lower section; however, oil concentration increased from top to bottom while protein concentration followed opposite vertical gradient. Limiting AAs (lysine, cysteine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan) were more abundant in the lower main stem, while the oleic/(linoleic + linolenic) ratio was greater in the upper segment. Overall, branches produced seeds with inferior nutritional quality than the main stem. However, the contribution of branches to yield (%) was positively related to limiting AA abundance and oil concentration across soybean genotypes. Future research studies should consider the morphological process of stem branching as a critical factor intimately involved with soybean seed composition across environments, genotypes, and management practices.

scholarly journals Soybean yield, biological N2 fixation and seed composition responses to additional inoculation in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter D. Carciochi ◽  
Luiz H. Moro Rosso ◽  
Mario A. Secchi ◽  
Adalgisa R. Torres ◽  
Seth Naeve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Soil Inoculation ◽  
Seed Inoculation

AbstractIt is unclear if additional inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at varying soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth stages can impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), increase yield and improve seed composition [protein, oil, and amino acid (AA) concentrations]. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different soybean inoculation strategies (seed coating and additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1) on: (i) seed yield, (ii) seed composition, and (iii) BNF traits [nodule number and relative abundance of ureides (RAU)]. Soybean field trials were conducted in 11 environments (four states of the US) to evaluate four treatments: (i) control without inoculation, (ii) seed inoculation, (iii) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at V4, and (iv) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at R1. Results demonstrated no effect of seed or additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1 on either soybean seed yield or composition. Also, inoculation strategies produced similar values to the non-inoculated control in terms of nodule number and RAU, a reflection of BNF. Therefore, we conclude that in soils with previous history of soybean and under non-severe stress conditions (e.g. high early-season temperature and/or saturated soils), there is no benefit to implementing additional inoculation on soybean yield and seed composition.

The impact of customer knowledge and customer relationship management on service quality

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Mei Tseng ◽  
Pin-Hong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Customer Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Enterprises realize that customers are their most important asset and recognize that a high level of customer satisfaction can only be achieved by enhancing service quality. Thus, how enterprises acquire customer knowledge by which to initiate and maintain customer relationships, as well as to enhance service quality has become an important issue. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a questionnaire and statistical analytical techniques to explore the impact of customer knowledge and customer relationship management (CRM) on service quality. Findings – The results indicated that customer knowledge has a positive influence on service quality and CRM is the partial intervening variable between customer knowledge and service quality. That is, customer knowledge enhances the CRM, while CRM, in turn, increases service quality and provides competitive advantages. Research limitations/implications – This research explored the impact of customer knowledge and CRM on service quality based on the company's perception and there was no validation on the customers' perception of the company. Therefore, it is suggested that future research should involve company staff, current customers, and latent customers to strengthen the triangulation. Practical implications – The results found that customer knowledge is indeed an important source of competitive advantage. Hence, enterprises should acquire valuable customer knowledge in order to enhance the relationship with customers, as well as enhance their service quality. Originality/value – There is still little related literature investigating the relationships amongst customer knowledge, CRM, and service quality. Hence, this study applies questionnaire methods as the main research tools in order to conduct an in-depth investigation into the influence of customer knowledge and CRM on service quality. Furthermore, this research is expected to provide enterprises with valuable suggestions for management practices.

scholarly journals Human Resource Management Practices and Its Effects on Job Satisfaction Levels of Employees

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Khurram Sultan ◽  
Goran Ismael ◽  
Omar Mohammad ◽  
Safin Abas ◽  
Muhammad Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Hr Practices ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Steel Sector ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the impact of HRM practices and its effect on employee’s job satisfaction in the iron and steel sector of Erbil, KRI. The objectives of the study are three fold, first to measure the degree of association between HR practices and job satisfaction. Second, to find out the impact of HR practices on job satisfaction and at last to propose some measures in order to enhance the job satisfaction level of the employees concerned to the selected iron & steel enterprises. A structured questionnaire was developed and distributed among 70 employees of three firms in Erbil, whereas 50 employees answered rightly. Most of the employees showed positive answers toward HR practices on them. This thing leads toward rejection of our Ho and acceptance of  H1. Those who left behind with less positive answers  main reason were found during survey that was they are with less education so that’s why they get less opportunities in order to develop themselves. Related to future research other authors can consider other variables that are not coved by this research such as staffing and package because human practices coves various range.  

scholarly journals Influence of plant protection methods on weediness and seed yield of meadow clover varieties in Primorskiy region

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
О. M. Skalozub
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

In the field of fodder production, in most cases, low-yielding, old-age grass stands are used. One of the reasons for this is the low availability of grass seeds. For example, over the past 20 years, the production of grass-clover seeds has reduced by 3.4 times. Therefore, priority should be given to the seed production of leguminous grasses (including meadow clover). A large infestation of the arable soil layer with seeds and buds of annual and perennial weeds in almost all arable land in the Primorskiy Region is the most critical factor in reducing the yield of cultivated crops. The development of practical techniques for clearing fields of weeds is one of the vital links in the technology of increasing the output of fodder crops. The research aims to establish the effect of agronomic practices of cultivation and means of protection on the seed yield of meadow clover in the natural and climatic conditions of the Primorskiy Region. Clover is a crop sensitive to herbicides, with a limited period of their application. Therefore, inter-row treatments were carried out before the rows were closed, and chemical treatments were applied before the budding phase to preserve wild pollinators and bees. The varieties Ogonek, SibNIIK-10 and regionalised Kommandor were evaluated. Experimental data on the impact of agronomic practices of meadow clover cultivation and plant protection methods on the weediness of its crops and the yield quality of seeds under the conditions of the Primorskiy region were obtained. The use of herbicides against the background of inter-row treatment during the second year of clover planting helped reduce the weed infestation from 58.3 to 70% and increase the seed yield by 1.1-1.3 times depending on the variety.

scholarly journals Crisis Management Practices in Tourism SMEs During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Organizacija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-361
Author(s):  
Marko Kukanja ◽  
Tanja Planinc ◽  
Marijana Sikošek
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractBackground and purpose: This study examines crisis management practices (CMPs) for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the field of tourism during the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourism SMEs reacted to the crisis caused by the pandemic. The present research aims to determine which operational CMPs were deployed by tourism SMEs to minimize the impact of the crisis.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study focuses on the following types of tourism SMEs – lodging facilities, food and beverage (F&B) facilities, and tourist agencies (TA). A total of 574 valid online questionnaires were obtained from SME managers. The structured questionnaire included 27 CMPs belonging to the four dimensions of crisis management – workforce, cost control, organizational support and marketing CMPs. Exploratory factor analysis and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to investigate SMEs response to the crisis.Results: Results indicate that SMEs primarily focus on the following CMP dimensions (respectively): workforce, cost control, organizational support, and promotional and customer-related marketing practices. Results show that there are statistically significant differences in the usage of different CMPs among the different types of SMEs.Conclusion: The use of selected variables enables an internationally comparable benchmarking process and facilitates the improvement of tourism SMEs crisis management. The conclusion provides suggestions for future research and useful information for scholars, policy makers, and tourism managers.

scholarly journals Strip Tillage and Compost Influence Carrot Quality, Yield, and Net Returns

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Brainard ◽  
D. Corey Noyes
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
The Impact

Management practices that build soil organic matter—including reduced tillage, cover cropping, and compost applications—may be useful for protecting vulnerable crops from extreme weather events, reducing energy costs, and suppressing pests in carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativa) production systems. The primary objective of this research was to assess the effects of strip tillage, compost, and carrot cultivar on carrot quality, yield, and profitability. An important secondary objective was to evaluate the impact of tillage and compost on establishment of important weeds in carrot systems—including two species that have developed resistance to linuron: Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea). Field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 comparing conventional tillage (CT) to strip tillage (ST) under two rates of mature compost addition (0 or 3 dry t·ha−1) for three processing carrot varieties (‘Canada’, ‘Finley’, and ‘Recoleta’). In the ST system, a pre-established barley cover crop was left to grow as a windbreak between crop rows until carrots were established. Partial budget analysis was used to estimate net returns associated with all treatments. Compared with CT, the ST system resulted in 1) either equivalent or greater (2010, Finley cultivar) total carrot yields and net returns; and 2) either equivalent or lower summer annual weed densities. Addition of compost resulted in equivalent (2010) or higher (2009) carrot yields and gross returns but did not affect net returns as a result of the increased costs associated with compost application. Compost reduced the density of common purslane in 2009 but resulted in a threefold increase in the density of Powell amaranth in 2010. Our results demonstrate that both ST and compost applications are potentially valuable tools for improving the profitability of carrot production systems. Future research examining the mechanistic basis for compost and tillage effects on carrots and weeds as well as the long-term effects of these practices on profitability of rotational crops would be helpful for optimizing their use in vegetable production systems.

Effect of a Mutant Danbaekkong Allele on Soybean Seed Yield, Protein, and Oil Concentration

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 927-935
Author(s):  
Mia J. Cunicelli ◽  
Hem S. Bhandari ◽  
Pengyin Chen ◽  
Carl E. Sams ◽  
M. A. Rouf Mian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Oil Concentration

scholarly journals Post-flowering biotic and abiotic stresses impact nitrogen use efficiency and seed filling in Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (15) ◽  
pp. 4578-4590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marmagne ◽  
Sophie Jasinski ◽  
Mathilde Fagard ◽  
Laurence Bill ◽  
Philippe Guerche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
N Remobilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
C:N Stoichiometry

Abstract Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient that plants require for the synthesis of amino acids, proteins, and many other important metabolites. Plant metabolism and growth are consequently dependent on the amount of N that is assimilated and distributed from source leaves to developing sinks, such as fruits and seeds. The environmental stresses enhanced by climate change deeply influence seed yield and seed composition, and may disturb N use efficiency (NUE) in pants. We aimed to investigate plant responses to extreme climates with regard to NUE, N remobilization efficiency, and seed composition. By studying a collection of Arabidopsis genotypes showing a range of C:N ratios in seeds, we investigated the impact of different post-flowering growth conditions (control, heat, drought, low nitrate availability, induced senescence, and induced plant defense) on seed yield, N allocation in organs, NUE, and N remobilization efficiency. We analysed how post-flowering stresses could change seed filling and showed that post-flowering stresses change both the range of N and C concentrations and the C:N stoichiometry in seeds. Using a new trait, called delta seed composition, we measured the deviation in C:N stoichiometry of each genotype and revealed the genetic determinism of the C:N stoichiometry. Altogether, the results indicate that extreme climate impacts NUE dramatically in plants and generates different bottlenecks in N fluxes during seed filling.

How Internet of Things Is Transforming Project Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-102
Author(s):  
Marisa Analía Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Mobile Big Data ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Standard Practices ◽  
The Impact

Organizations are experiencing a transformation as a consequence of digital technologies such as social, mobile, big data, cloud computing, and internet of things. The transformation presents challenges at several levels, and project management is not an exception. There are changes in the project environment, the power structures, capabilities, skills, and standard practices, just to name a few. Considering the eventual obsolescence of many project portfolio management practices, the aim of this chapter is to discuss the influence of internet of things in this discipline. The analysis departs from rethinking project management insights and describes the impact of smart and connected products considering many dimensions. Recommendations for each PPM stage are developed, followed by a brief discussion of future research directions.

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