scholarly journals Assessing Drought and Heat Stress-Induced Changes in the Cotton Leaf Metabolome and Their Relationship With Hyperspectral Reflectance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Melandri ◽  
Kelly R. Thorp ◽  
Corey Broeckling ◽  
Alison L. Thompson ◽  
Lori Hinze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Hyperspectral Reflectance ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress ◽  
Adaptation To Drought

The study of phenotypes that reveal mechanisms of adaptation to drought and heat stress is crucial for the development of climate resilient crops in the face of climate uncertainty. The leaf metabolome effectively summarizes stress-driven perturbations of the plant physiological status and represents an intermediate phenotype that bridges the plant genome and phenome. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of water deficit and heat stress on the leaf metabolome of 22 genetically diverse accessions of upland cotton grown in the Arizona low desert over two consecutive years. Results revealed that membrane lipid remodeling was the main leaf mechanism of adaptation to drought. The magnitude of metabolic adaptations to drought, which had an impact on fiber traits, was found to be quantitatively and qualitatively associated with different stress severity levels during the two years of the field trial. Leaf-level hyperspectral reflectance data were also used to predict the leaf metabolite profiles of the cotton accessions. Multivariate statistical models using hyperspectral data accurately estimated (R2 > 0.7 in ∼34% of the metabolites) and predicted (Q2 > 0.5 in 15–25% of the metabolites) many leaf metabolites. Predicted values of metabolites could efficiently discriminate stressed and non-stressed samples and reveal which regions of the reflectance spectrum were the most informative for predictions. Combined together, these findings suggest that hyperspectral sensors can be used for the rapid, non-destructive estimation of leaf metabolites, which can summarize the plant physiological status.

Meta-Analysis of Wheat QTL Regions Associated with Adaptation to Drought and Heat Stress

Crop Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andrea Acuña-Galindo ◽  
R. Esten Mason ◽  
Nithya K. Subramanian ◽  
Dirk B. Hays
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress ◽  
Adaptation To Drought

scholarly journals Exogenous Aspergillus aculeatus Enhances Drought and Heat Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoning Li ◽  
Chuncheng Zhao ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Guangyang Wang ◽  
Erick Amombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Aspergillus Aculeatus ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a cool-season grass whose growth and development are limited by drought and high temperature. Aspergillus aculeatus has been reported to promote plant growth and counteract the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to assess A. aculeatus-induced response mechanisms to drought and heat resistance in perennial ryegrass. We evaluated the physiological and biochemical markers of drought and heat stress based on the hormone homeostasis, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes activity, lipid peroxidation, and genes expression level. We found out that under drought and heat stress, A. aculeatus-inoculated leaves exhibited higher abscisic acid (ABA) and lower salicylic acid (SA) contents than non-inoculated regimes. In addition, under drought and heat stress, the fungus enhanced the photosynthetic performance, decreased the antioxidase activities, and mitigated membrane lipid peroxidation compared to non-inoculated regime. Furthermore, under drought stress, A. aculeatus induced a dramatic upregulation of sHSP17.8 and DREB1A and a downregulation of POD47, Cu/ZnSOD, and FeSOD genes. In addition, under heat stress, A. aculeatus-inoculated plants exhibited a higher expression level of HSP26.7a, sHSP17.8, and DREB1A while a lower expression level of POD47 and FeSOD than non-inoculated ones. Our results provide an evidence of the protective role of A. aculeatus in perennial ryegrass response to drought and heat stresses.

scholarly journals Solvent Retention Capacity and Gluten Protein Composition of Durum Wheat Flour as Influenced by Drought and Heat Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000
Author(s):  
Maryke Labuschagne ◽  
Carlos Guzmán ◽  
Keneuoe Phakela ◽  
Barend Wentzel ◽  
Angeline van Biljon
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Gluten Protein ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Solvent Retention ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress ◽  
Solvent Retention Capacity

Drought and temperature stress can cause considerable gluten protein accumulation changes during grain-filling, resulting in variations in wheat quality. The contribution of functional polymeric components of flour to its overall functionality and quality can be measured using solvent retention capacity (SRC). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of moderate and severe drought and heat stress on SRC and swelling index of glutenin (SIG) in six durum wheat cultivars with the same glutenin subunit composition and its relation with gluten protein fractions from size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography. Distilled water, sodium carbonate and sucrose SRC reacted similarly to stress conditions, with moderate heat causing the lowest values. Lactic acid SRC and SIG reacted similarly, where severe heat stress highly significantly increased the values. SIG was significantly correlated with sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation (SDSS) and flour protein content (FPC) under all conditions. Lactic acid SRC was highly correlated with FPC under optimal and moderate heat stress and with SDSS under moderate drought and severe heat. SIG was negatively correlated with low molecular weight glutenins under optimal and drought conditions, and combined for all treatments. The relationship between SRC and gluten proteins was inconsistent under different stress conditions.

Response to drought and heat stress on wheat quality, with special emphasis on bread-making quality, in durum wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Guzmán ◽  
Jorge Enrique Autrique ◽  
Suchismita Mondal ◽  
Ravi Prakash Singh ◽  
Velu Govindan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Wheat Quality ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress

scholarly journals Accumulation of Aluminium and Physiological Status of Tree Foliage in the Vicinity of a Large Aluminium Smelter

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Wannaz ◽  
J. H. Rodriguez ◽  
T. Wolfsberger ◽  
H. A. Carreras ◽  
M. L. Pignata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Pollution Gradient ◽  
Sulphur Deposition ◽  
Aluminium Production ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Tree Foliage

A pollution gradient was observed in tree foliage sampled in the vicinity of a large aluminium production facility in Patagonia (Argentina). Leaves ofEucalyptus rostrata, and Populus hybridusand different needle ages ofPinusspec. were collected and concentrations of aluminium (Al) and sulphur (S) as well as physiological parameters (chlorophyll and lipid oxidation products) were analyzed. Al and S concentrations indicate a steep pollution gradient in the study showing a relationship with the physiological parameters in particular membrane lipid oxidation products. The present study confirms that aluminium smelting results in high Al and sulphur deposition in the study area, and therefore further studies should be carried out taking into account potentially adverse effects of these compounds on human and ecosystem health.

scholarly journals HEAT AND DROUGHT STRESS EFFECT IN WHEAT GENOTYPES: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Sandesh Paudel ◽  
Netra Prasad Pokharel ◽  
Susmita Adhikari ◽  
Sarah Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belonging to family Poaceae is the most important cereal crop as it contributes major portion to the world food for the world’s population. Similarly, it is the third most cultivated cereal crop in Nepal in terms of production and area. Wheat is a winter season crop which is usually grown within a temperature range of 15-250C in cold and dry weather. However frequent irrigations are crucial for proper growth of the plant, high yield and high quality of the grain. The annual productivity of wheat has been reported to be 2.49 tons per hectare. Water is found to be one of the most important factors in wheat production and by far not a single water stress tolerant variety has been introduced thus water management is necessary. In Nepal around 35% of the total wheat is cultivated under rainfed condition annually and in Terai this is around 19%. This cultivated area faces a severe drought stress during growing stage and heat stress during anthesis stage. Various studies have suggested that the combined impacts of drought and heat stress had a significant harmful effect on wheat than individual stresses (Stress and Review, 2017). Under drought stress days to anthesis and days to maturity were reduced by 10% and 14% while under heat stress these were reduced by 16% and 20% respectively. Combined effect of drought and heat stress caused reduction in DTA by 25% DTH by and 31%.

scholarly journals Metabolic responses of rice cultivars with different tolerance to combined drought and heat stress under field conditions

GigaScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovely Mae F Lawas ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Alexander Erban ◽  
Joachim Kopka ◽  
S V Krishna Jagadish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress
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