scholarly journals Mood Disorder in Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy During the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Nardone ◽  
Alfonso Reginelli ◽  
Claudia Vinciguerra ◽  
Pierpaolo Correale ◽  
Maria Grazia Calvanese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Introduction: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is having a devastating psychological impact on patients, especially patients with cancer. This work aims to evaluate mood disorders of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy during COVID-19 in comparison with cancer patients who underwent radiation therapy in 2019.Materials and Methods: We included all the patients undergoing radiation therapy at our department in two-time points (once a week for a month in May 2019) and during the COVID-19 outbreak (in April 2020). All the patients were asked to fulfill a validated questionnaire (STAI-Y1, State trait anxiety inventory scale), the Symptom Distress thermometer (SDT) (from 0 to 10 score), and the Beck Depression Inventory v.2 (BDI-2). We took into account the COVID-19 outbreak and also sex, age, week of radiation treatment, and disease.Results: We included 458 patients (220 males and 238 females), with a median age of 64 years. STAI-Y1 median score was 40 (mean 41,3, range 19–79), whereas the median score of SDT was five and BDI-2 median score was 11. STAI-Y1, SDT, and BDI-2 were significantly correlated with the COVID-19 outbreak (p < 0,001 for all the tests), sex (p: 0,016 for STAI-Y1, p < 0.001 for SDT, p:0.013 for BDI-2), week of treatment (p: 0.012 for STAI-Y1 and p: 0.031 for SDT), and disease (p:0.015 for STAI-Y1, p < 0.001 for SDT and p:0.020 for BDI-2).Conclusions: The prevalence of mood disorders in patients undergoing radiation therapy is higher than expected and even higher during the COVID-19 outbreak. These measurements could be useful as a baseline to start medical humanities programs to decrease these scores.

Mood disorders and outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery: a brief summery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Salvina Signorelli ◽  
Teresa Surace ◽  
Marcello Migliore ◽  
Eugenio Aguglia
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
The Impact

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Literature reports depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric symptoms in cancer patients. Notably, lung cancer is associated with major depressive disorder in 5–13% of cases. The present article aims to give an overview regarding the impact of mood disorders on the outcomes of patients affected by lung cancer. Our review showed that pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy can be useful to improve the quality of life of patients with lung cancer. Moreover, the treatment of depression and anxiety can be associated with a reduced mortality. In conclusion, it is important to consider psychiatric care as important as other adjuvant oncologic therapies in patients with cancer.

scholarly journals Zinc Supplementation Prevents the Complications of COVID-19 Infection in Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Samir Derouiche
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Cancer Diseases ◽  
Significant Mortality

Novel coronavirus” SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly spreading worldwide with a significant mortality rate. In the crisis of COVID-19, cancer patients are seen as a very weak group and this is because of their weakened immune system and hence we aim in this research to show the importance of zinc as a buffer against cancer in COVID-19 for cancer patients. Zinc is an essential trace element that is crucial for growth, development, and the maintenance of immune function. zinc supplementation decreased and generation of inflammatory cytokines. zinc supplementation should have beneficial effects on cancer by decreasing oxidative stress, angiogenesis and induction of inflammatory cytokines while increasing apoptosis in cancer cells. zinc supplementation implemented to improve the antiviral response and systemic immunity in patients with cancer diseases. With the multiple doses approved from zinc, we suggest that there be an supplement in zinc by 50 mg / day for three month with each treatment for cancer patients, in order to strengthen the immune system to prevent the serious effects of COVID19 infection.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Erectile Dysfunction in Prostate Cancer Patients: Up-to-Date View on Pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
R. V. Novikov ◽  
S. N. Novikov ◽  
V. V. Protoshchak ◽  
I. B. Dzhalilov ◽  
S. S. Litinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Radical Therapy ◽  
Radiation Induced

The true causes of sexual disorders after radiation treatment of prostate cancer, among which the central role is occupied by erectile dysfunction, are still not fully clarified. The number of patients who undergo various radiation-exposure options as a radical therapy is steadily increasing, which makes the issue very relevant. This literature review provides up-to-date data on the most studied probable mechanisms of the erectile function status decline after radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

scholarly journals IMMUNE EFFECTS OF STEREOTACTIC ABLATIVE RADIATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS: LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Zozulya ◽  
I. A. Baldueva ◽  
S. N. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Systemic Effect ◽  
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Abscopal Effects

The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic analysis of the data available in the modern literature on the systemic (abscopal) effects in radiation therapy, which are mediated by immunological phenomena.Material and Methods.A structured search for articles published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and February 2019 was conducted using MEDLINE database. The review included data from registered clinical trials at Clinicaltrials.gov, showing the results of the combined use of immunotherapy and radiation therapy.Results. There is an opinion that the systemic effect of radiotherapy is mediated by immunological phenomena. In connection with the recent data, there is a growing interest in the combined use of immunotherapy with radiation therapy in order to increase the efficacy of systemic therapy. However, the incidence of abscopal effects after standard radiation treatment is very low. In this regard, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, due to its high immunogenic potential, low toxicity and short duration of the treatment, is apparently an attractive partner for immunotherapy in patients with metastatic disease.Conclusion. In view of the variety of the immunological effects of radiotherapy, further studies of the effect of radiation therapy on the immune system of cancer patients are needed, and the use of various combinations of immunotherapy and radiation therapy should be continued. All this, ultimately, will help improve the survival rates of cancer patients. 

A review of radiation genomics: integrating patient radiation response with genomics for personalised and targeted radiation therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xu ◽  
Beverley Osei ◽  
Ernest Osei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Genomic Data

AbstractBackgroundThe success of radiation therapy for cancer patients is dependent on the ability to deliver a total tumouricidal radiation dose capable of eradicating all cancer cells within the clinical target volume, however, the radiation dose tolerance of the surrounding healthy tissues becomes the main dose-limiting factor. The normal tissue adverse effects following radiotherapy are common and significantly impact the quality of life of patients. The likelihood of developing these adverse effects following radiotherapy cannot be predicted based only on the radiation treatment parameters. However, there is evidence to suggest that some common genetic variants are associated with radiotherapy response and the risk of developing adverse effects. Radiation genomics is a field that has evolved in recent years investigating the association between patient genomic data and the response to radiation therapy. This field aims to identify genetic markers that are linked to individual radiosensitivity with the potential to predict the risk of developing adverse effects due to radiotherapy using patient genomic information. It also aims to determine the relative radioresponse of patients using their genetic information for the potential prediction of patient radiation treatment response.Methods and materialsThis paper reports on a review of recent studies in the field of radiation genomics investigating the association between genomic data and patients response to radiation therapy, including the investigation of the role of genetic variants on an individual’s predisposition to enhanced radiotherapy radiosensitivity or radioresponse.ConclusionThe potential for early prediction of treatment response and patient outcome is critical in cancer patients to make decisions regarding continuation, escalation, discontinuation, and/or change in treatment options to maximise patient survival while minimising adverse effects and maintaining patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Analysis of the status of radiotherapy care provided to the population of Ukraine. Part 1. Analyzing morbidity and technical supply of radiation therapy in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
V. Р. Starenkiy ◽  
O. M. Sukhina ◽  
L. L. Stadnyk ◽  
L. O. Averyanova
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Low Efficiency

Background. Radiation therapy is an essential in the complex of modern cancer care methods, since it is needed by more than half of cancer patients worldwide. However, each year more than 2 million people from low-income countries are unable to access modern radiotherapy technologies [1]. Thus, the urgent task in the field of radiation oncology is to increase the availability, quality and efficiency of radiotherapy, monitoring the level of technical, methodological and human resourcing of radiation therapy in Ukraine in accordance with trends in Europe and the world. The actual task of the study is to review and analyze the existing level, availability and effectiveness of applying the modern technologies of radiation therapy in the regions of Ukraine. Purpose – analyzing the current state and level of availability of radiotherapy in Ukraine, seeking for opportunities to expand applying it. Materials and methods. Analyzing and comparing statistical data of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine and the information of IARC GLOBOCAN, IAEA DIRAC Database, summarizing the results. Results. The level of technical and technological equipment as well as staffing of oncology centers of Ukraine has been analyzed, along with assessing quantitative and qualitative components of radiotherapy care in comparison with the average European indicators. The assessment of the state of radiotherapy care in Ukraine was carried out with due regard for the increasing number of patients. Conclusions. According to the WHO, the structure of cancer incidence in Ukraine is similar to the European one, however higher specific mortality rate indicates, first of all, the insufficient level of covering the population of Ukraine by specialized diagnosis and oncological care, its low efficiency and engineering backwardness. It has been determined that radiation therapy in Ukraine is needed annually by at least 90 thousand cancer patients. In fact, only about 44 thousand of them are provided with tele-radiation therapy. First of all, this is due to extremely insufficient radiotherapy equipment available in Ukraine and using outdated radiation treatment technologies in gamma-ray teletherapy that result in its low quality and aggravating the clinical consequences. Given the growing number of cancer patients in 2022, Ukraine will need about 160 machines for tele-radiotherapy. The rise and adjusting the clinical and technical capabilities of regional oncology centers in terms of quality and efficiency of radiation therapy is possible under the conditions of their rapid technical.

scholarly journals Outcomes of the 2019 novel coronavirus in patients with or without a history of cancer: a multi-centre North London experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175883592095680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalinie Joharatnam-Hogan ◽  
Daniel Hochhauser ◽  
Kai-Keen Shiu ◽  
Hannah Rush ◽  
Valerie Crolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
History Of Cancer ◽  
North London

Background: This study aims to compare the outcomes of COVID-19-positive disease in patients with a history of cancer to those without. Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data and outcomes of COVID-19 positive cancer patients treated consecutively in five North London hospitals (cohort A). Outcomes recorded included time interval between most recent anti-cancer treatment and admission, severe outcome [a composite endpoint of intensive care unit (ITU) admission, ventilation and/or death] and mortality. Outcomes were compared with consecutively admitted COVID-19 positive patients, without a history of cancer (cohort B), treated at the primary centre during the same time period (1 March–30 April 2020). Patients were matched for age, gender and comorbidity. Results: The median age in both cohorts was 74 years, with 67% male, and comprised of 30 patients with cancer, and 90 without (1:3 ratio). For cohort B, 579 patients without a history of cancer and consecutively admitted were screened from the primary London hospital, 105 were COVID-19 positive and 90 were matched and included. Excluding cancer, both cohorts had a median of two comorbidities. The odds ratio (OR) for mortality, comparing patients with cancer to those without, was 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–2.5], and severe outcome (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.4–2.0) suggesting no increased risk of death or a severe outcome in patients with cancer. Cancer patients who received systemic treatment within 28 days had an OR for mortality of 4.05 (95% CI 0.68–23.95), p = 0.12. On presentation anaemia, hypokalaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and hypoproteinaemia were identified predominantly in cohort A. Median duration of admission was 8 days for cancer patients and 7 days for non-cancer. Conclusion: A diagnosis of cancer does not appear to increase the risk of death or a severe outcome in COVID-19 patients with cancer compared with those without cancer. If a second spike of virus strikes, rational decision making is required to ensure optimal cancer care.

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