scholarly journals Daily Beneficial Effects of Work-to-Family Facilitation on Employees' Recovery and General Health: Is More Work Engagement Always Better?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Carmona-Cobo ◽  
Luis Manuel Blanco-Donoso ◽  
Eva Garrosa
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
General Health ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Recovery Experiences ◽  
Hr Model ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lagged Effect

This study of 104 Chilean employees examines the process of WFF—recovery—general health on a daily basis. Drawing on the work–home resources (W-HR) model, we hypothesized that daily work-to-family facilitation and work engagement predict recovery experiences during off-job time in the evening (i.e., detachment from work and relaxation) and subsequent general health at night. Furthermore, we explored whether daily work engagement moderates the relationships between daily work-to-family facilitation and recovery experiences during off-job time in the evening and general health at night. In addition, we expected employees' detachment from work to have a lagged effect on next-day general health at night. Participants completed a survey and a diary booklet over 5 consecutive working days (N = 520 occasions). Multilevel analyses show that, as expected, daily work-to-family facilitation predicted recovery experiences during off-job time in the evening (i.e., detachment from work and relaxation). However, contrary to our expectations, daily work engagement only predicted general health at night. Moreover, as expected, a moderation effect of daily work engagement shows that on days that employees experience low levels of daily work engagement, daily work-to-family facilitation is strongly related to detachment from work and relaxation during off-job time in the evening and to general health at night. Unexpectedly, on days on which employees experienced high levels of daily work engagement, daily work-to-family facilitation was weakly related to these outcomes. Finally, in accordance with our expectations, detachment from work had a lagged effect on next-day general health at night. These findings offer support for the W-HR model and have theoretical and practical implications for research and organizations.

Daily deliberative dissonance acting among police officers

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 884-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. van Gelderen ◽  
Arnold B. Bakker ◽  
Elly Konijn ◽  
Carmen Binnewies
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Job Tasks

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the relationships of daily deliberative dissonance acting (DDA) with daily strain and daily work engagement. DDA refers to the deliberate acting of emotions to achieve one's work goals. The authors hypothesized that daily DDA would be positively related to strain through feelings of emotional dissonance. In addition, the authors predicted that DDA would be positively related to daily work engagement via job accomplishment. Design/methodology/approach –The authors applied a five-day quantitative diary design with two measurement occasions per day using a sample of 54 police officers (i.e. 270 measurement occasions). In the multilevel analyses, the authors controlled for previous levels of the dependent variables in order to analyse change. Findings – Multilevel analyses revealed that police officers deliberatively engaged in emotional labor with both detrimental and beneficial consequences, as assessed via their daily reports of strain and work engagement. Practical implications – The results suggest that acting emotions is not inherently harmful, but may also be beneficial for job accomplishment, which fosters work engagement. The training of police officers and possibly other service employees should include the topic of DDA as a form of emotional labor and its consequences for psychological well-being. Social implications – Police officers who accomplish their job tasks by acting the appropriate emotions may not only experience strain, but may also become more engaged in their work. Originality/value – The present study showed that police officers engage in deliberate dissonance acting. The authors showed how this emotion regulation technique is related to strain and engagement – on a daily basis.

Daily Fluctuations in Work Engagement

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold B. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Diary Research

This article presents an overview of the literature on daily fluctuations in work engagement. Daily work engagement is a state of vigor, dedication, and absorption that is predictive of important organizational outcomes, including job performance. After briefly discussing enduring work engagement, the advantages of diary research are discussed, as well as the concept and measurement of daily work engagement. The research evidence shows that fluctuations in work engagement are a function of the changes in daily job and personal resources. Particularly on the days that employees have access to many resources, they are able to cope well with their daily job demands (e.g., work pressure, negative events), and likely interpret these demands as challenges. Furthermore, the literature review shows that on the days employees have sufficient levels of job control, they proactively try to optimize their work environment in order to stay engaged. This proactive behavior is called job crafting and predicts momentary and daily work engagement. An important additional finding is that daily engagement has a reciprocal relationship with daily recovery. On the days employees recover well, they feel more engaged; and engagement during the day is predictive of subsequent recovery. Finding the daily balance between engagement while at work and detachment while at home seems the key to enduring work engagement.

Work Engagement and Research Output Among Female and Male Scientists

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonneke Dubbelt ◽  
Sonja Rispens ◽  
Evangelia Demerouti
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Women have a minority position within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and, consequently, are likely to face more adversities at work. This diary study takes a look at a facilitating factor for women’s research performance within academia: daily work engagement. We examined the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between two behaviors (i.e., daily networking and time control) and daily work engagement, as well as its effect on the relationship between daily work engagement and performance measures (i.e., number of publications). Results suggest that daily networking and time control cultivate men’s work engagement, but daily work engagement is beneficial for the number of publications of women. The findings highlight the importance of work engagement in facilitating the performance of women in minority positions.

Test-Taking Motivation and Personality Test Validity

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. O’Neill ◽  
Richard D. Goffin ◽  
Ian R. Gellatly
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Personality Testing ◽  
Personality Test ◽  
Field Sample ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Valid Criterion

In this study we assessed whether the predictive validity of personality scores is stronger when respondent test-taking motivation (TTM) is higher rather than lower. Results from a field sample comprising 269 employees provided evidence for this moderation effect for one trait, Steadfastness. However, for Conscientiousness, valid criterion prediction was only obtained at low levels of TTM. Thus, it appears that TTM relates to the criterion validity of personality testing differently depending on the personality trait assessed. Overall, these and additional findings regarding the nomological net of TTM suggest that it is a unique construct that may have significant implications when personality assessment is used in personnel selection.

scholarly journals Leading for Whom? Teaching-Research Officers’ Role Perception and Work Engagement in Chinese Mainland

2021 ◽  
pp. 209653112110093
Author(s):  
Wei Shen ◽  
Hongmei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Role Perception ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
Teaching Research

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to analyze both teaching-research officers (TROs)’ role perceptions and work engagement, figuring out how their competing roles balanced to ensure continued work engagement and which roles are greater benefits to the community and educational reform. Design/Approach/Methods: The study employs questionnaire which is composed of inventory of work role requirements and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, to investigate TROs’ role perception, work engagement, and their relationship. Findings: TROs’ work experience had a complicated relationship with their work engagement. The two strands of the TRO’s role orientation co-existed within their daily work and strengthened each other through exerting effects on the dedication and absorption aspects of work engagement. However, TROs concerned with teacher development displayed higher work engagement than those who put a greater emphasis on policy implementation. Originality/Value: The study contributes to current research in three respects. First, it bridges the macro-level trend of education reform with microlevel role internalization of individuals. Second, it broadens our understanding of work engagement by linking it with the subjective perceptions of one’s work role. Finally, this Chinese case is expected to enrich international perspectives on teacher leaders in the context of top-down districtwide instructional reform.

The probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota attenuates symptoms of vestibular migraine: a randomised placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-476
Author(s):  
X. Qi ◽  
G. Fan ◽  
H. Jia
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Vestibular Migraine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei Shirota ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms

Vestibular migraine (VM) has emerged as one of the major vestibular syndromes. Although probiotics have exhibited beneficial effects on migraine headache, its effect on VM is not clear. This trial aimed to investigate the treatment efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) on symptoms of VM. 247 VM patients were enrolled, of which 204 eligible patients receiving either LcS or placebo on a daily basis completed the 4 month study. They were re-visited at 2 and 4 months after study initiation to assess treatment outcomes. The primary endpoints were vestibular symptoms, evaluated by the number of vertiginous attacks during the past week, the Vertigo Severity Score (VSS), and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores. The secondary endpoints were anxiety and depressive symptoms, evaluated using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores. Efficacy of LcS over placebo was not obvious at 2 month follow-up. At 4 month follow-up, while both LcS and placebo groups of VM patients displayed alleviated symptoms, the extents of the improvements were significantly better in LcS group than those of placebo group, with regard to vestibular symptoms using DHI and VSS, as well as anxiety and depressive symptoms using BAI and BDI. Although placebo effect cannot be ignored in intervention for VM patients, the probiotic LcS still exhibits considerable efficacy against VM symptoms over a 4 month study period, supporting further clinical study of a larger and more diverse cohort.

scholarly journals Resiliencia asociada a factores de salud mental y sociodemográficos en enfermeros mexicanos durante COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Reyna Jazmín Martínez Arriaga ◽  
Leivy Patricia González Ramírez ◽  
Nancy Evelyn Navarro Ruiz ◽  
José María De la Roca -Chiapas ◽  
Oscar Ulises Reynoso González
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Low Levels

Introducción: El personal de enfermería es uno de los grupos más afectados por la actual pandemia por COVID-19. Se han reportado problemas de salud mental en esta población, sin embargo, también es importante estudiar la resiliencia, para identificar sus fortalezas. El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar la resiliencia en enfermeros mexicanos y los factores sociodemográficos y de salud mental asociados a ella. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal.Método: Se envió vía online un cuestionario sociodemográfico y relacionado a COVID-19, así como el Inventario de Resiliencia y el Cuestionario General de Salud-28. Se incluyeron 556 enfermeros, la mayoría fueron mujeres (80%), solteras (60.8%) y con edades entre 26-35 años (38.3%).Resultados: Se encontraron niveles bajos de resiliencia en los enfermeros más jóvenes (p<0.001, ɳ2=0.05), solteros (p<0.001, ɳ2=0.02) y con menor nivel educativo (p=0.001, ɳ2=0.02). Los predictores de resiliencia fueron la búsqueda de información sobre salud mental (β =-0.152, p <0.001), nivel educativo más alto (β = 0.142, p<0.001), niveles bajos de depresión (β=-0.307, p<0.001) y bajos niveles de disfunción social (β =-0.261, p<0.001).Conclusión: Estos hallazgos permiten identificar los factores asociados a la resiliencia en los enfermeros y cómo estos juegan un rol muy importante en su salud mental. Asimismo, estos datos permiten la identificación de grupos con mayor riesgo psicosocial, con la finalidad de guiar estrategias en salud mental orientadas a aumentar la resiliencia. Introduction: Nursing personnel are one of the groups which have been most affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Although mental health problems have been reported in this population, it is important to study resilience, in order to identify its strengths. The purpose was to study resilience in Mexican nurses and the mental health and sociodemographic factors associated with it. A cross-sectional study was used. Method: A sociodemographic and COVID-19 related questionnaire, the Resilience Inventory and the General Health Questionnaire-28, was sent via online. 556 nurses were included, the majority were women (80%), single (60.8%), aged between 26-35 years (38.3%). Results: Lower resilience was found among nurses who were younger (p<0.001, ɳ2=0.05), single (p<0.001, ɳ2=0.02) and with lower levels of education (p=0.001, ɳ2=0.02). Predictors of resilience included the search for mental health information (β =-0.152, p <0.001), higher education (β = 0.142, p<0.001), low levels of depression (β=-0.307, p<0.001) and low levels of social dysfunction (β =-0.261, p<0.001). Conclusion: This findings allowed to identify the factors which are associated with resilience among nurses and how this plays an important role in their mental. Likewise, this data allows for the identification of high psychosocial risk groups, to better guide mental health strategies aimed at increasing resilience. Resumo:Introdução:O pessoal de enfermagem é um dos grupos mais afetados pela atual pandemia de COVID-19. Problemas de saúde mental têm sido relatados nessa população, porém também é importante estudar a resiliência, para identificar seus pontos fortes. O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar a resiliência em enfermeiras mexicanas e os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde mental a ela associados. Foi realizado um estudo transversal.Método:Um questionário sociodemográfico relacionado ao COVID-19 foi enviado online, assim como o Resilience Inventory e o General Health Questionnaire-28. Foram incluídos 556 enfermeiros, a maioria mulheres (80%), solteiros (60,8%) e com idade entre 26-35 anos (38,3%).Resultados:Baixos níveis de resiliência foram encontrados nos enfermeiros mais jovens (p <0,001, ɳ2 = 0,05), solteiros (p <0,001, ɳ2 = 0,02) e com menor escolaridade (p = 0,001, ɳ2 = 0,02). Os preditores de resiliência foram a busca por informações sobre saúde mental (β = -0,152, p <0,001), maior escolaridade (β = 0,142, p <0,001), baixos níveis de depressão (β = -0,307, p <0,001 ) e baixos níveis de disfunção social (β = -0,261, p <0,001).Conclusão:Esses achados permitem identificar os fatores associados à resiliência em enfermeiros e como eles desempenham um papel muito importante em sua saúde mental. Da mesma forma, esses dados permitem identificar grupos de maior risco psicossocial, a fim de nortear estratégias de saúde mental que visem aumentar a resiliência.

scholarly journals Work-family conflict and work engagement among mothers: Conscientiousness and neuroticism as moderators

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy J. Opie ◽  
Carolina M. Henn
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Work Family

Orientation: The study investigates factors that impact work-family conflict and work engagement among working mothers.Research purpose: The job demand-resources model is utilised to investigate the moderating role of conscientiousness and neuroticism on the relationship between work-family conflict and work engagement.Motivation for the study: Working mothers are challenged to establish a balance between work and family life. The resulting work-family conflict can negatively affect well-being. It is thus necessary to explore personal factors that relate to work-family conflict, particularly in the South African context.Research design, approach and method: A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample (N = 267) was comprised of working mothers from several organisations. Data was gathered using the work-to-family conflict questionnaire, the Basic Traits Inventory and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale.Main findings: The results indicated that work-family conflict negatively predicts work engagement. Conscientiousness positively predicts work engagement, and neuroticism negatively predicts work engagement. A significant interaction effect was found for conscientiousness but not for neuroticism. The findings showed that for participants with high levels of conscientiousness, work engagement decreases significantly more with an increase in work-family conflict than for participants with low levels of conscientiousness.Practical/Managerial implications: Organisations should consider those individuals who have high levels of conscientiousness and low levels of neuroticism in the selection and placement of employees. In addition, organisations have a responsibility to provide conscientious women, particularly mothers, with adequate support to ensure that work-family conflict does not adversely impact their levels of work engagement.

scholarly journals Positive interaction between work and home, and psychological availability on women’s work engagement: A “shortitudinal” study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Łaba ◽  
Madelyn Geldenhuys
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Women’S Work ◽  
Home Work ◽  
Work Interaction ◽  
Positive Work

Orientation: Women’s work engagement is affected by how well they balance their work and personal life, and their level of confidence in their capability at work.Research purpose: Determine whether women’s daily psychological availability mediates daily positive work-home interaction and daily positive home-work interaction on daily work engagement.Motivation for the study: Research into negative work–home and home–work interaction is in abundance. Limited studies focus on the positive effects on women’s experiences at work (i.e. work engagement). Little is known about women’s psychological availability and how it affects their work. Furthermore, little research provides us insights into the day-level experiences of women at work.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative, shortitudinal design was used. Data analyses accounted for multilevel structure in the data (within-person vs. between-person differences). Female employees (n = 60) from various industries in Gauteng, completed electronic diaries in the form of a survey for 10 consecutive working days.Main findings: Daily psychological availability mediates between daily positive work-home interaction and daily work engagement. Daily positive home-work interaction did not predict daily work engagement, but had a significant effect on daily psychological availability.Practical/managerial implications: Examining systems and structures that promote opportunities for women to become more psychologically available at work impacts their sustainable retention.Contribution/value-add: This study found significant relationships between day-level uses of personal resources and spillover effects of home-work and work-home on day-level work engagement. The study further contributes to the literature on positive work–home and home–work interaction.

Psychometrische eigenschappen van meetinstrumenten in dagboekonderzoek

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Breevaart ◽  
Arnold B. Bakker ◽  
Evangelia Demerouti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
Engagement Scale

The psychometric qualities of measurement instruments in diary studies: an illustration on the basis of the work engagement scale The psychometric qualities of measurement instruments in diary studies: an illustration on the basis of the work engagement scale Despite the emerging popularity of diary studies, until now little attention has been paid to the psychometric properties of measures used in diary studies. When the time frame of questionnaires in diary studies is adapted, it is important to examine whether the factor structure remains the same. The aim of this article is to introduce a method to examine the factor structure of daily variables. This method will be illustrated by performing a multilevel confirmative factor analysis on the questionnaire used to measure daily work engagement. The results showed that daily work engagement can be measured by adapting the time frame of the questionnaire to measure enduring work engagement, although it is eligible to replace one of the nine items.

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