scholarly journals CBT for Childhood Anxiety: Reviewing the State of Personalised Intervention Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizél-Antoinette Bertie ◽  
Jennifer L. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Primary Disorder ◽  
Treatment Moderators

This article presents a mini-review of the state of personalised intervention research in the field of child and adolescent anxiety. We evaluated narrative, systematic and meta-analytic reviews of key research methodologies and how they relate to current approaches for personalising CBT, specifically. Preliminary evidence of predictors (severity of primary disorder, social anxiety disorder (SoAD), comorbid depression, parental psychopathology, parental involvement and duration of treatment), moderators (type of primary disorder) and mediators (self-talk, coping, problem-solving and comorbid symptoms) of CBT outcomes provides content for several personalised approaches to treatment. Finally, we present a novel conceptual model depicting the state of personalised intervention research in childhood anxiety and propose a research agenda for continued progress.

Novel Antipsychotics and Patient Care in State Hospitals

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 906-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F Buckley
Keyword(s):  
State Hospital ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
The State ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
State Hospitals ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Patient Subgroups

OBJECTIVE: To review and highlight the opportunities and challenges of pharmacologic advances in the use of antipsychotics for the state hospital system. METHODS: A critical review was performed of studies published either as articles or abstracts, on the use of novel antipsychotics, particularly as they relate to the patient population within the state mental hospital system. FINDINGS: The recent availability of new antipsychotic medications within state facilities has resulted in more progressive treatment, reduced recidivism (and consequently cost savings), and preliminary evidence of preferential and superior treatment response in specific patient subgroups (e.g., those with aggression). At the same time, inpatient pharmacy budget increases and uncertainty in guiding the use of novel antipsychotics have influenced the availability of these agents in state hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: State hospital services have, by and large, embraced the developments in pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. Optimal use of these new agents in this population requires additional information on their relative efficacy in specific patient subgroups.

Goal-Directed Self-Talk Interventions: A Single-Case Study With an Elite Athlete

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tibor Latinjak ◽  
Raquel Font-Lladó ◽  
Nikos Zourbanos ◽  
Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athlete ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Intervention Process ◽  
Self Talk

The purpose of this single-case study was to describe a goal-directed self-talk (ST) intervention with an elite athlete. The participant was a 36-year-old elite orienteerer, who declared himself to be continuously engaged in some sort of autonomous self-dialogue. During six sessions, we undertook an intervention which started with identifying variety of relevant problematic sport situations and goal-directed ST in them. Subsequently, through questioning, the original ST was challenged and alternative instructions were theoretically examined before putting them into practice. The participant valued highly the intervention process and its outcomes. Overall, the study provides preliminary evidence on the effectiveness of goal-directed ST interventions and encourages research to further explore their potential.

The Schema Questionnaire - Short Form

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Calvete ◽  
Ana Estévez ◽  
Elena López de Arroyabe ◽  
Pilar Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Hierarchical Arrangement ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

Abstract. This research studied the factor structure of the Spanish version of the Schema Questionnaire - Short Form (SQ-SF; Young & Brown, 1994 ). The participants (407 undergraduate students) completed the SQ-SF together with the following scales to measure symptoms of affective disorders and automatic thoughts: the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2), the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Revised (ATQ-R), the Anxious Self-Statements Questionnaire (ASSQ), and the Self-Talk Inventory (STI). The confirmatory factor analyses supported the hypothesized structure of 15 first-order factors for the SQ-SF. However, the results were mixed with regard to the hierarchical arrangement of schemas. On the other hand, the results revealed several clinically relevant associations among cognitive schemas, symptoms of affective disorders (depression, anxiety, and anger) and automatic thoughts (positive thoughts, depressive thoughts, anxious thoughts, and angry thoughts).

SPACE, Parent-Based Treatment for Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety: Clinical Case Illustration

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli R. Lebowitz ◽  
Jennifer M. Majdick
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Supportive Parenting ◽  
Efficacious Treatment

Efficacious treatments for childhood anxiety disorders include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and medications, yet there is urgent need for additional efficacious treatment modalities. Parent-based treatment provides such an alternative. Recent literature has supported that SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions), an entirely parent-based treatment, is as efficacious as CBT in reducing child anxiety. SPACE focuses on systematically reducing family accommodation, or changes to parental behavior aimed at alleviating or avoiding a child's distress related to their anxiety disorder, while maintaining a supportive stance toward the child. To date, SPACE is the only intervention that places the reduction of parental accommodation at the center of its theoretical foundation and treatment objectives. This article provides theoretical and empirical background for SPACE and illustrates its implementation through a case description.

scholarly journals Prescription auditing: an important tool for sensitization of resident doctors for rationale prescription and utilization of drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237
Author(s):  
Archana G. Dhavalshankh ◽  
Vikram A. Rajadnya ◽  
Kedar L. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The State ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Improving Health Care

Background: The main objective of the Maharashtra Health Systems Development Project (MHSDP) is to enhance the quality of care by improving health care; in the hospitals, in the state. Improvement in the prescribing practice of resident doctors working in the hospitals is one of the initiatives taken up, to improve the rationalizing service delivery. A prescription audit may become an important tool for sensitizing resident doctors for rational prescription and utilization of drug.Methods: An observational study was carried out during the period of March 2017 to May 2017 in tertiary care teaching hospital, Kolhapur. Total 247 first prescriptions written by resident for in-door-patient department were collected, scrutinized and analysed. Prescriptions were evaluated for completeness of prescription format while legibility was graded. Prescriptions were also analysed as per World Health Organization prescribing indicators.Results: In study 247 prescriptions with 1091 drugs with average 4.42% drugs per prescription, 49.8 % prescriptions wrote the drugs by generic name. We found that 44.1 % prescriptions written with drugs included in essential medicines list while antibiotics prescribed were 27.1%. In prescription format 34% had incorrect dosage, 67% of prescriptions omitted the duration of treatment. Direction for drug use was not mentioned in 25% of prescriptions.  Weight was not mentioned on any prescriptions even for paediatric group.Conclusions: Through prescription auditing, sensitizing resident doctors for rational prescription and utilization of drug can be done to achieve the goal of the MHSDP of enhancing the quality of care by improving health care; in the hospitals, in the state.

scholarly journals Self-Talk and Affective Problems in College Students: Valence of Thinking and Cognitive Content Specificity

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Calvete ◽  
Ana Estévez ◽  
Covadonga Landín ◽  
Yolanda Martínez ◽  
Olga Cardeñoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cognitive Content ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Cognitive Content Specificity ◽  
Content Specificity

The aim of this study was to develop a Self-Talk Inventory for young adults. This inventory consisted of two scales. The Negative Self-Talk Scale included three categories of selftalk (depressive, anxious, and angry thoughts) and the Positive Self-Talk Scale, three categories (minimization, positive orientation, and coping self-instructions). Participants were 982 undergraduate students (Mean age = 20.35 years, SD = 2.16). They completed the self-talk scales together with the following scales to measure symptoms of affective disorders: the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-T). Factor analyses confirmed the hypothesized structure for the Self-Talk Inventory. The relations between self-talk and symptoms of affective disorders (depression, anxiety, and anger) were also evaluated. In general, states-of-mind –SOM– ratios and negative cognitions showed a greater association with psychological symptoms than did positive cognitions. Results concerning the cognitive characteristics of depression, anxiety, and anger were mixed and partially supported the cognitive content specificity theory.

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