scholarly journals Misinformation Drives Low Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage in South African Girls Attending Private Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Milondzo ◽  
Johanna C. Meyer ◽  
Carine Dochez ◽  
Rosemary J. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
South African ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
School Based ◽  
Positive Attitudes

Background: Cervical cancer, caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is the leading cause of female cancer deaths in South Africa. In 2014, the South African National Department of Health introduced a free public sector school-based HPV vaccination programme, targeting grade 4 girls aged ≥9 years. However, private sector school girls receive HPV vaccination through their healthcare providers at cost. This study investigated HPV vaccination knowledge, attitudes and practices of caregivers of girls aged ≥9 years in grades 4–7 attending South African private schools.Methods: A link to an online survey was circulated to caregivers via an email sent to school principals of all private schools in four provinces enrolling girls in grades 4–7. Following a poor post-reminder response, a paid Facebook survey-linked advert targeting South African Facebook users aged ≥25 years nationally was run for 4 days, and placed on the South African Vaccination and Immunisation Centre's Facebook page for 20 days.Results: Of 615 respondents, 413 provided HPV vaccination data and 455 completed the knowledge and attitudes tests. Most (76.5%) caregivers had good knowledge and 45.3% had positive attitudes. Of their daughters, 19.4% had received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. Of caregivers of unvaccinated girls, 44.3% and 41.1%, respectively were willing to vaccinate their daughters if vaccination was offered free and at their school. Caregivers of unvaccinated girls were more likely [odds ratio (OR): 3.8] to have been influenced by “other” influences (mainly online articles and anecdotal vaccine injury reports). Of caregivers influenced by their healthcare providers, caregivers of unvaccinated girls were more likely (OR: 0.2) to be influenced by alternative medical practitioners. Caregivers of vaccinated girls were more likely to have good knowledge (OR: 3.6) and positive attitudes (OR: 5.2). Having good knowledge strongly predicted (OR: 2.8) positive attitudes. Having negative attitudes strongly predicted (OR: 0.2) girls being unvaccinated.Conclusion: Providing free school-based HPV vaccination in the private sector may not increase HPV vaccination coverage to an optimal level. Since misinformation was the main driver of negative attitudes resulting in <20% of girls being vaccinated, an advocacy campaign targeting all stakeholders is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-reported Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Status Among Gay and Bisexual Adolescent Males: Cross-sectional Study

10.2196/32407 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e32407
Author(s):  
Eric PF Chow ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Rebecca Wigan ◽  
Jane S Hocking ◽  
Suzanne M Garland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
School Based ◽  
And Bisexual

Background Men who have sex with men are a risk group for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) and anal cancer. Australia introduced a universal school-based HPV vaccination program in 2013. Self-reported HPV vaccination status has been widely used in clinical and research settings, but its accuracy is understudied. Objective We aimed to examine the accuracy of self-reported HPV vaccination status among gay and bisexual adolescent males. Methods We included 192 gay and bisexual males aged 16-20 years from the Human Papillomavirus in Young People Epidemiological Research 2 (HYPER2) study in Melbourne, Australia. All participants had been eligible for the universal school-based HPV vaccination program implemented in 2013 and were asked to self-report their HPV vaccination status. Written informed consent was obtained to verify their HPV vaccination status using records at the National HPV Vaccination Program Register and the Australian Immunisation Register. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of self-reported HPV vaccination status. Results The median age of the 192 males was 19 (IQR 18-20) years. There were 128 males (67%) who had HPV vaccination records documented on either registry. Self-reported HPV vaccination had a sensitivity of 47.7% (95% CI 38.8%-56.7%; 61/128), a specificity of 85.9% (95% CI 75.0%-93.4%; 55/64), a positive predictive value of 87.1% (95% CI 77.0%-93.9%; 61/70), and a negative predictive value of 45.1% (95% CI 36.1%-54.3%; 55/122). Conclusions Self-reported HPV vaccination status among Australian gay and bisexual adolescent males underestimates actual vaccination and may be inaccurate for clinical and research purposes.

Attitudes Towards Human Rights Among South African Youth

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-141
Author(s):  
HENDRIR J C Pieterse ◽  
Jaco S Dreyer ◽  
Johannes A Van Der Ven
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
South African ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Institution Theory ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
African Youth

AbstractIn this article we examine the attitudes towards human rights of a group of 538 Grade 11 students from Anglican and Catholic church-affiliated schools in the Johannesburg/Pretoria region. A distinction is made between civil, political and judicial (first generation') human rights, socio-economic ('second generation') rights, and environmental ('thirdgeneration') rights. The frame of reference is Ricoeur's theory of human rights. This forms part of his institution theory, which in its turn is embedded in his moral theory of the good life. The students displayed positive attitudes towards socio-economic and environmental rights, ambivalent attitudes towards civil and political rights, and negative attitudes towards judicial rights. The question about where one should look for more positively, more ambivalently and more negatively oriented students, what their characteristics are, and whether religion plays any role in this regard will be explored in the next article.

scholarly journals Introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Belgium, 2007-2008

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Simoens ◽  
M Sabbe ◽  
P Van Damme ◽  
P Beutels ◽  
M Arbyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
School Based

This paper documents the progress of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction in Belgium. Information on vaccine use is based on sales statistics and reimbursement claims. From November 2007 to November 2008, the National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance reimbursed the HPV vaccine for girls aged between 12-15 years. In December 2008, the age limit was extended to include girls up to the age of 18. In November 2008, the total number of HPV vaccines sold exceeded 530,000 doses. The number of vaccines reimbursed in Belgium, for the period November 2007-November 2008, corresponds to the amount required to fully vaccinate 44% of all girls aged between 12-15 years. However, the trend was decreasing over the last 10 months. By the current reimbursement policy, we can expect that maximum half of the target population can be reached. In Flanders (one of the three Communities in Belgium), the intention is to start, from September 2010, with a free school-based HPV immunisation for girls in the first year of secondary school (12 years of age), complemented with vaccination by a physician of choice. This strategy ensures a higher HPV vaccine coverage which is expected to be as high as the current coverage in the hepatitis B vaccination programme (approximately 80%) offered to boys and girls in the same age group and under the same circumstances.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-reported Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Status Among Gay and Bisexual Adolescent Males: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric PF Chow ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
Rebecca Wigan ◽  
Jane S Hocking ◽  
Suzanne M Garland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
School Based ◽  
And Bisexual

BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men are a risk group for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) and anal cancer. Australia introduced a universal school-based HPV vaccination program in 2013. Self-reported HPV vaccination status has been widely used in clinical and research settings, but its accuracy is understudied. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the accuracy of self-reported HPV vaccination status among gay and bisexual adolescent males. METHODS We included 192 gay and bisexual males aged 16-20 years from the Human Papillomavirus in Young People Epidemiological Research 2 (HYPER2) study in Melbourne, Australia. All participants had been eligible for the universal school-based HPV vaccination program implemented in 2013 and were asked to self-report their HPV vaccination status. Written informed consent was obtained to verify their HPV vaccination status using records at the National HPV Vaccination Program Register and the Australian Immunisation Register. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of self-reported HPV vaccination status. RESULTS The median age of the 192 males was 19 (IQR 18-20) years. There were 128 males (67%) who had HPV vaccination records documented on either registry. Self-reported HPV vaccination had a sensitivity of 47.7% (95% CI 38.8%-56.7%; 61/128), a specificity of 85.9% (95% CI 75.0%-93.4%; 55/64), a positive predictive value of 87.1% (95% CI 77.0%-93.9%; 61/70), and a negative predictive value of 45.1% (95% CI 36.1%-54.3%; 55/122). CONCLUSIONS Self-reported HPV vaccination status among Australian gay and bisexual adolescent males underestimates actual vaccination and may be inaccurate for clinical and research purposes.

scholarly journals Schoolteachers’ experiences of implementing school-based vaccination programs against human papillomavirus in a Chinese community: a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Yuen-man Siu ◽  
Albert Lee ◽  
Paul K. S. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
School Based ◽  
Common Cancer

Abstract Background Cervical cancer was the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide in 2012 and was the eighth most common cancer in 2014 and the eighth greatest cause of female cancer deaths in Hong Kong in 2015. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been clinically documented to have a high efficacy in reducing HPV-related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence. Therefore, receiving vaccination is a crucial public health measure to reduce disease burden. Significant others, such as schools and schoolteachers, have prominent influence in shaping adolescents’ health perceptions and behavior. Therefore, the perspective of schools and schoolteachers regarding vaccination can significantly influence students’ acceptance and accessibility of the vaccine. However, few studies have analyzed the perceptions of schoolteachers toward HPV vaccination, and even fewer have concerned how schoolteachers’ perceptions influence their schools’ motivation in implementing school-based HPV vaccination programs. This study was thus conducted to fill this literature gap. Methods With a Chinese community as the field site of this study, a qualitative approach of five focus group interviews was conducted with 35 schoolteachers from five primary and eight secondary schools in Hong Kong between July 2014 and January 2015. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis. Results Perceptual, institutional, student and parental, and collaborator barriers interacted to discourage the sampled schoolteachers from organizing school-based HPV vaccination programs. Lack of knowledge regarding HPV vaccination, perception of HPV vaccination as inappropriate given the students’ age, violation of traditional cultural values, lack of perceived needs and perceived risk, opposition from schools, low priority of HPV vaccination over other health education topics, lack of government support, lack of interest from parents and students, and lack of confidence in implementing organizations, all were the mentioned barriers. Conclusions The sampled schoolteachers were demotivated to organize school-based HPV vaccination programs because of their perceptions and various social and cultural factors. As significant influencers of adolescent students, schoolteachers and schools should receive more support and information on organizing school-based HPV vaccination programs in the future.

Attitudes about human papillomavirus vaccine in young women

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Kahn ◽  
Susan L Rosenthal ◽  
Tara Hamann ◽  
David I Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
To Receive

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are under investigation, but little is known about attitudes regarding vaccination. The aims of this study were to identify attitudes about and intention to receive an HPV vaccine in young women using a theory-based model. Young women ( n=52, mean age 25 years, range 18-30 years, 35% Black/Non-Hispanic) completed a survey assessing knowledge, attitudes about HPV vaccination, and risk behaviours. Associations between attitudes and intention to receive the vaccine were assessed using Mann-Whitney U or chi-square tests. Subjects reported positive attitudes about receiving an HPV vaccine and high intention to receive the vaccine both for themselves and their daughters. Variables associated significantly with intention included knowledge ( P=0.004), personal beliefs about vaccination ( P=0.004), belief that others would approve of vaccination ( P=0.005), and higher number of sexual partners ( P=0.028). Information on attitudes about HPV vaccination and predictors of intention to receive a vaccine may guide immunization initiatives for young adults.

scholarly journals Evolution of Public Health Human Papillomavirus Immunization Programs in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 991-1007
Author(s):  
Alexandra Goyette ◽  
Glorian P. Yen ◽  
Voica Racovitan ◽  
Parambir Bhangu ◽  
Smita Kothari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
After School ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
School Based ◽  
Coverage Rates

Background: Since 2007, all Canadian provinces and territories have had a publicly funded program for vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The objective of this study was to describe the evolution of these vaccination programs. Methods: This was a targeted literature review of public HPV vaccination programs and vaccination coverage rates, based on information provided by jurisdictional public health authorities. Results: HPV vaccination of schoolgirls began in school years 2007/08 to 2010/11 with three doses of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in all provinces except Quebec, which started with two doses. By 2018/19, all jurisdictions were vaccinating with two doses of the nonavalent vaccine in both girls and boys, except Quebec, which used a mixed vaccination schedule with one dose of the nonavalent and one dose of the bivalent vaccines. Public HPV vaccination programs in most provinces include after-school catch-up vaccination. Immunocompromised or other high-risk individuals are eligible for the HPV public vaccination program in most provinces, but policies vary by jurisdiction. In 2017/18, vaccination coverage rates in provincial HPV school-based programs varied from 62% in Ontario to 86% in Prince Edward Island in girls and from 58% in Ontario to 86% in Prince Edward Island in boys. Conclusions: Since their introduction, Canadian school-based HPV public vaccination programs have evolved from a three-dose to a two-dose schedule, from a quadrivalent to a nonavalent vaccine, and from a girls-only to a gender-neutral policy. Vaccination coverage rates have varied markedly and only Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland/Labrador have maintained rates exceeding 80%.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Premenopause dalam Menghadapi Perubahan-Perubahan pada Masa Menopause

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Ria Afriani ◽  
Tina Yuli Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Face

Elderly women are found around 8-10% in the State of Indonesia whose health must get the attention of the community so that happiness and well-being are achieved. A woman at a certain age will experience climacteria where there is a natural change in her body. Changes that occur during menopause consist of short-term effects such as physical changes in skin changes, under-skin fat is reduced so that the skin becomes saggy, skin is flammable to the sun and cause pigmentation and blackening, muscles under the skin of the face relax and fall and become soft, this condition can cause discomfort in everyday life. Knowledge of menopause will help climacteric women to be able to prepare themselves and be able to act and act appropriately in preventing the occurrence of disturbances that occur accompanying menopause. This research is a descriptive study to find out the description of knowledge and attitudes of premenopausal women in dealing with changes during menopause. The population in this study were all pre-elderly women at the Kenali Besar Health Center in Jambi City. The samples taken by accidental sampling technique amounted to 44 people. This research was conducted in 2019 at the Kenali Besar Health Center in Jambi City. Data collection through interviews using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariately. The results were obtained from 44 respondents, 17 respondents (39%) had good knowledge, 11 respondents (25%) had enough knowledge and 16 respondents (36%) had poor knowledge. The results of attitudes obtained most of the respondents have a negative attitude that is 22 respondents (55%), positive attitudes as many as 20 respondents (45%). Most respondents have good knowledge and negative attitudes

Attitudes of deaf individuals towards genetic testing of genes known to cause hearing loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 147775092110635
Author(s):  
Katherine L Mascia ◽  
Nathaniel H Robin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Deaf Community ◽  
Congenital Deafness ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Primary Investigator ◽  
Culturally Deaf

Congenital deafness is one of the most common birth defects reported. Approximately 70% of congenital deafness is non-syndromic, and approximately 80% of non-syndromic hearing loss results from a genetic cause. Middleton et al.’s1998 study highlighted the negative attitudes of culturally Deaf individuals towards genetic testing for genes known to cause hearing loss. While studies concerning genetic testing for deafness genes reference Middleton’s study, to our knowledge a re-evaluation of the attitudes of Deaf individuals towards genetic testing has not been conducted recently. The purpose of this study is to re-establish attitudes of Deaf individuals towards genetic testing of genes known to cause hearing loss. A computer-based questionnaire was distributed to members of the Deaf community. Responses of participants were recorded and analyzed. The primary investigator then attended Deaf community events and the 2015 Alabama Association of the Deaf Conference, and recruited individuals interested in participating in the study. The surveys were distributed to these individuals and their anonymous responses were analyzed. Our results show there are more positive attitudes within the Deaf community towards genetic counseling, genetic testing, and prenatal testing of genes known to cause hearing loss than were previously documented, although negative attitudes are still present. Additionally, our study shows there is a desire among members of the Deaf community to learn more about and potentially receive these services, despite the fact they are rarely offered by healthcare providers.

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