scholarly journals Implications of Climatic Stressors on Agro-Pastoral Resources Among Mbororo Communities Along the Slopes of Kilum-Ijim Mountain, North West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moye Eric Kongnso ◽  
Umaru Hassan Buba ◽  
Julius Tata Nfor
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
North West ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Cattle Rearing

Mountains are rich in pastures and water for agro-pastoral resources and supports rain-fed farming that sustain the livelihoods of many indigenous communities. This work seeks to examine the implications of climatic variability on agro-pastoral resources (pasture land, water) and food security within the Mbororo communities. To ascertain this, 350 household questionnaires were randomly administered in four Mbororo Ardorates and in-depth interviews conducted with local authorities. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of data collected revealed that the link between climate, land and water is paramount in animal rearing and crop farming in mountains. Cattle rearing and crop farming have been the main source of livelihoods for about 90% of the Mbororos as they depend on it for food and income. Climatic perturbations characterized by frequent dry spells, rainfall anomalies and other environmental stressors predicted degrading pastoral resources and the independent variable explained the outcome variable at R = 0.787; R2 = 0. 623; ΔR2 = 0.622; p < 0.01. This implies that 62.3% of degradation is accounted for by environmental stressors. As such, the carrying capacity of grazing have gone above the authorized number of two cattle per hectare, leading to overgrazing and degradation. Encroachments into grazing lands by crop farmers, invasion by unproductive grass species and farmer-grazer conflicts are aggravated by climatic stressors. The Fundong council and traditional authorities of the Kom Fondom have been working together to demarcate grazing land and provide water for cattle rearing. Mbororo communities are equally diversifying their activities to ensure food availability.

Paradise lost

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beerling
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Small Industry ◽  
Southern Side

The Isle of Sheppey lies in the mouth of the Thames tucked up along the northern coastline of Kent, south-eastern England. Known to the Romans as insula orivum, and accessible for centuries only by ferry, the small Isle waited until 1860 for the construction of its first permanent bridge, over the River Swale to the mainland. It contains an uneasy mixture of lowland agricultural farmland, tourism, and commercial shipping activities, all divided by a diagonal east-to-west line of low hills. Elmley Marshes, situated on the southern side of the Isle, attract thousands of ducks, geese, and wading birds in the winter. Further to the east lies the Swale National Nature Reserve, a mosaic of grazing land and salt marshes that is home to short-eared owls and hen harriers. Fine beaches dotted along the northern coastline near to the traditional seaside town of Leysdown-on-Sea draw tourists whose spending boosts the local economy. Discovery of a deep-water channel off the north-west coast saw the construction of a Royal Navy dockyard at Sheerness in 1669. The new dockyard was replaced 290 years later by the commercially successful Port of Sheerness, which benefits from the capacity to accommodate large modern ships regardless of the tides. Geology and the sea have combined to shape the cultural and economic aspects of the Isle from its earliest days. In the early part of the nineteenth century, pyrite—iron sulfide—collected from the beaches and foreshore provided a source of green vitriol dye for the tanning and textiles industries. At around the same time, a small industry flourished excavating cement stones (septaria) for the manufacture of Parker’s (or Roman) cement. But the supply of septarian nodules on the beaches was soon exhausted and, with the emergence of more economic means of producing cement, the industry collapsed. The fleeting septaria industry mirrors the fleeting existence of Sheppey, for the Isle is shrinking fast as wave action erodes metres of its cliffs each year. Ultimately, in no more than a geological instant, the Isle of Sheppey and its inhabitants will be gone.

Recent Wintertime Climatic Variability over the North West Himalayan Cryosphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (04) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Negi ◽  
Neha Kanda ◽  
M. S. Shekhar ◽  
A. Ganju
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Variability ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Reversing land degradation through grasses: a systematic meta-analysis in the Indian tropics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debashis Mandal ◽  
Pankaj Srivastava ◽  
Nishita Giri ◽  
Rajesh Kaushal ◽  
Artemi Cerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Western Ghat ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Grazing Land

Abstract. The present study critically analyzes the effect of grasses in reversing the process of land degradation using a systematic review. The collected information was segregated under three different land use and land management situations. Meta-analysis was applied to test the hypothesis that use of grasses reduce runoff and soil erosion. Effect of grasses was deduced for grass strip and in combination with physical structures. Similarly, the effects of grasses were analyzed in degraded pasture lands. The overall result of the meta-analysis showed that infiltration capacity increased approximately two-fold after planting grasses across the slopes in agricultural fields. Grazing land management through cut and carry system increased conservation efficiencies by 42 % and 63 % with respect to reduction in runoff and erosion, respectively. Considering comprehensive performance Index (CPI) it has been observed that hybrid napier (Pennisetum purpureum) and sambuta (Saccharum munja) seem to posses the best desirable attributes as effective grass barrier for western Himalaya and eastern Gahts while natural grass (Dicanthium annulatum) and broom grass (Thysanolaena maxima) are found to be most promising grass species for Konkan region of western Ghat and north eastern Himalayan region, respectively. In addition to these benefits, it was also observed that soil carbon loss can be reduced by 83 % with the use of grasses. Overall, efficacy for erosion control of various grasses was more than 60 % hence their selection should be based on the production potential of these grasses under given edaphic and agro-ecological condition.

First Nations Healing: From Traditional Medicine to Experimental Ethnopharmacology

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Thomas Efferth ◽  
Gladys Alexie ◽  
Kai Andersch ◽  
Mita Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
North West ◽  
Cellular Pharmacology

AbstractFocusing on First Nations traditional medicine, we investigated whether traditional knowledge of medicinal plants can be validated by modern scientific methods of molecular and cellular pharmacology and whether this information is of value for improving current therapy options. Based on two projects on medicinal plants of the Gwich’in – a First Nations group on the Canadian North West Coast – we found that extracts from several plants traditionally used medically were able to kill tumor cells, including otherwise multidrug-resistant cells. Investigating medicinal plants from Indigenous communities raises questions about ownership, appropriation, and commercial use. At the same time, because of the intricacies of patent law, publishing scientific investigations on medicinal herbs represents an effective way to prevent biopiracy. Therefore, research cooperation between industrialized and developing countries, and between Western and non-Western knowledge systems will facilitate ethically sound ethnopharmacological research and merge a diversity of competencies and knowledges.

Management Practices for Rearing of Gangatiri Cattle in Native Tract

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspendra Kumar Singh ◽  
G. Sankhala ◽  
P. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
Cattle Rearing ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

The present study was purposively conducted in native tract of Gangatiri cattle in Uttar Pradesh. The information were collected from 108 respondents, who were rearing Gangatiri cattle for their livelihood. It was observed that most (53.70%) of the respondents practicing 6-10 hrs grazing of their Gangatiri herd. All the farmers were providing natural service to cows in estrus, maximum number of them (54.63%) between 12 to 16 hrs after detection of estrus and 53.70 per cent of them with bulls available in village surroundings. Maximum number of respondents (35.20%) initially used indigenous knowledge for disease treatment and after that consulted with veterinary doctor/ stockman. Major diseases prevelant in the area include FMD, HS, BQ and mastitis. Gangatiri cows were found to be more resistance to the diseases and heat tolerant as compared to crossbred cattle. Majority (81.48%) of respondents kept their cattle on kachcha floor in good sanitary conditions. About 70.37% respondents made cattle shed as a part of their houses. Majority (59.25 %) of the cattle owners were using knuckling method of milking, which may be a cause of mastitis in animals. It can be concluded that there is need of awareness programmes on scientific cattle rearing practices and interventions like supply of semen of bulls of high genetic merit under AI programme or bulls of good genetic merit for natural breeding, adequate grazing land and inputs for health management practices are needed to make the Gangatiri cattle rearing more beneficial.

Power and the quest for recognition: neo-traditional titles among the new elite in Nso', Cameroon

Africa ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyprian Fisiy ◽  
Mitzi Goheen
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
North West ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Negotiation Of Identity ◽  
Indigenous Institutions ◽  
Home Village ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban Elite ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Traditional Authorities

This article investigates the nature and structure of linkages between the urban elite and local institutions in their home villages in the Nso' area of north-west Cameroon. It argues that indigenous institutions provide a frame of reference for the negotiation of identity and the provision of security in a context where state institutions seem to have lost their raison d'être. The notion of a home village has become a defining factor in the urban–rural nexus which allows the elite to acquire resources from external sources which they in turn invest in the production of social and symbolic capital. The materialisation of this capital is manifested in the acquisition of neo-traditional titles. Under conditions of dire financial and material hardship some local traditional authorities have started to ‘commodity’ what was previously earned through merit and service to the group.

scholarly journals Level and timing of Implanon discontinuation and associated factors among women who used Implanon in Andabet District, public health facilities, North-West Ethiopia, 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizachew Worku Dagnew ◽  
Yared Mulu Gelaw ◽  
Melash Belachew Asresie ◽  
Zelalem Alamrew Anteneh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
North West Ethiopia

Abstract Abstract Background: Implanon discontinuation is unacceptably high in developing countries, including Ethiopia; furthermore there is an observed problem of high unintended pregnancy rate after method discontinuation this might stride to program failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the level and determinants of Implanon discontinuation among women who used Implanon in Adabet district, public health facilities, North-West Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 537 women, from Feb.03 to April 28, 2017, by face to face interview. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The collected data were entered into Epi Info- version 7 then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was computed. On multi-variable binary logistics regression, p-value and odds ratio (AOR) with 95%Ci was used to showing statistical association with the outcome variable. Results: In this study, 36.9% of Implanon users were discontinued the method before the intended time period. Among those women who discontinue the method 85.9% of them were discontinued before two years of Implanon insertion. Women who had no live child at the time of Implanon insertion[AOR=2.17,95%CI:1.25-3.77], didn’t received pre-insertion counseling on potential side effects [AOR=1.85,95%CI: 1.15-2.97], developed side effect secondary to Implanon insertion [AOR=5.17,95%CI:3.18-8.40], received appointment follow-up [AOR=0.23,95%CI:0.13-0.41], and not satisfied by the service provided [AOR=5.40,95%CI:3.04-9.57] were statistically associated with Implanon discontinuation. Conclusions: level of Implanon discontinuation before its intended period was high. Hence, to increase Implanon continuation rate; provide pre-insertion counseling including its possible side effects, improve client’s service satisfaction and strength appointment follow-up for Implanon users should be made.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document