scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Buffalo Worldwide and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Feng Shi ◽  
Qing-Long Gong ◽  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Bao-Yi Ma ◽  
Zi-Yang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
The World

Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. Brucellosis is widely distributed in more than 160 or 170 countries around the world, where it poses a huge threat to animal husbandry and human health. About 150 million head of water buffalo, distributed across more than 40 countries worldwide, are kept for the purposes of service, milk, and meat. High incidence of Brucella spp. in buffalo has negatively affected dairy products and meat products.Results: We searched all research related to seroprevalence of brucellosis in water buffalo anywhere in the world in PubMed, Science Direct, SpringerLink, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Chinese Journal Databases. A total of 26 articles published from 1985 to 2020 met the final selection criteria. The overall seroprevalence of buffalo brucellosis worldwide was 9.7%. The seroprevalence before 2010 (20.8%) (95% CI: 5.6–42.2) was much higher than the seroprevalence rate from 2010 to 2020 (4.2%) (95% CI: 1.8–7.5). Subgroup analysis by feeding mode found that the point estimate of seroprevalence in stock buffalo (11.5%) (95% CI: 3.6–23.0) was higher than that in captive buffalo (10.6%) (95% CI: 4.9–18.1). Subgroup analysis by farming mode found that the seroprevalence was higher in captive-bred buffalo (10.7%) (95% CI: 6.6–15.7) than in intensively farmed buffalo (8.5) (95% CI: 0.9–22.2). The seroprevalence in buffalo living in dry lands (6.4%) (95% CI: 2.0–12.9) is greater than that in buffalo living in wetlands (5.1%) (95% CI: 1.8–10.4) (P < 0.05). The seroprevalence in female buffalo (10.1%) (95% CI: 3.4–19.7) was higher than that in male buffalo (4.4%) (95% CI: 2.0–7.4). The seroprevalence in lactating buffalo was higher than that in buffalo of other ages (26.9%) (95% CI: 1.8–66.5). Subgroup analysis by detection method found that the seroprevalence detected by the complement fixation test (27.3%) (95% CI: 0.7–70.8) was much higher than that detected by other methods.Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis showed that buffalo brucellosis infection is very common in buffalo herds around the world. Although the seroprevalence of brucellosis in buffalo and humans is relatively low, serious effects upon animal husbandry and public health make it necessary to take effective control and preventive measures to control the spread of this disease.

scholarly journals Selenium Level in Patients with Vitiligo: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ting Dai ◽  
Sun Xiaoying ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Li Hongjin ◽  
Zhou Yaqiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Selenium Level ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Caucasian Patients

Background. It has been reported that deficiency of selenium can cause autoimmune disease. This meta-analysis was aimed at evaluating whether there exits an association between selenium level and vitiligo. Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Med Online, and China VIP databases from the inception to February 12, 2019. The main outcome was the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in serum selenium level between vitiligo patients and healthy controls. Results. A total of 8 studies with 305 vitiligo patients and 6156 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no significant difference in selenium level between vitiligo patients and healthy controls (SMD=0.481, 95%CI=−0.642 to 1.604, Z=0.840, P>0.05). Further subgroup analysis stratified by area revealed that Asian vitiligo patients had decreased selenium level, while that finding was not observed in Caucasian patients (Asian: SMD=−0.303, 95%CI=−0.603 to −0.004, P<0.05; Caucasian: SMD=0.957, 95%CI=−0.752 to 2.665, P>0.05). Conclusions. Although overall selenium level was similar between vitiligo patients and health controls, subgroup analysis showed decreased levels of selenium in Asian vitiligo patients. It may suggest a clinical tailored administration of selenium supplementation in Asian vitiligo patients.

Effects of NAT2 Polymorphism on Lung Cancer Risk, and the Interaction Between Smoking and NAT2: A Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhu ◽  
Aiqun Xu ◽  
Binbin Zhang ◽  
Pulin Li ◽  
Huihui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Nat2 Polymorphism

Abstract Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world, and cancer death is mainly caused by lung cancer. At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of lung cancer are not clear. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is an enzyme found in the lungs, colon, breast, prostate, and liver. NAT2 is polymorphic and can metabolize carcinogens from tobacco smoke. At present, many studies have explored the effects of NAT2 polymorphism on lung cancer, but we found inconsistent results. Methods We conducted a research of 19 published studies, involving 4,130 patients and 6,057 controls, to more accurately assess the effects of NAT2 polymorphism on lung cancer risk and to investigate whether smoking is associated. We used STATA software to analyze the extracted data and used STATA for subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and to perform publication bias tests. To determine the correlation, we used the crude odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs). Results From the major results, we found that there was no significant correlation between NAT2 polymorphism and lung cancer (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.84–1.19, I² = 63.3%, P < 0.001 for heterogeneity). We also found no significant results in stratified analyses of smoking, ethnicity, gender, and source of controls. However, we learned from the subgroup analysis that the lung cancer risk in NAT2 patients with intermediate-slow acetylation may be increased (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.22–2.73, I² = 39.6%, P = 0.191 for heterogeneity). Conclusions This research showed that no sufficient evidence was found to prove the effect of NAT2 polymorphism on lung cancer risk; however the increased acetylation capacity of NAT2 might reduce the risk of lung cancer.

Acupuncture for post-stroke cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 096452842110095
Author(s):  
Xu Kuang ◽  
Wenjuan Fan ◽  
Jiawei Hu ◽  
Liqun Wu ◽  
Wei Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Assessment Development

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods: The Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical (VIP), Wanfang, and Chinese Biological Medicine (CBM) databases were electronically searched from their inception to 10 April 2019. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale were used as outcomes to assess effectiveness with respect to cognitive function. Assessment of risk of bias (ROB) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment were performed by two reviewers independently. Data were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3. Results: A total of 28 trials with 2144 participants were included in the qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Four of the 28 trials (14%) were assessed as being at overall low ROB, 24 of the 28 trials (86%) were assessed as having overall high ROB. The quality of evidence for both MoCA and MMSE were deemed to be very low by the GRADE criteria. Results indicated that acupuncture groups may be benefiting more than non-acupuncture groups with respect to variation of MoCA scores (merged mean difference (MMD): 2.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.18 to 3.13, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity: χ2 = 35.52, p = 0.0007, I2 = 63%), and the heterogeneity decreased in both subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. In addition, acupuncture groups might be benefiting more than non-acupuncture groups in terms of changes in MMSE score (MMD = 2.97, 95% CI = 2.13 to 3.80, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity: χ2 = 269.75; p < 0.00001; I2 = 92%), and the heterogeneity decreased in subgroup analysis. Only one RCT addressed adverse events, and the symptoms were mild and did not affect treatment and evaluation. Conclusion: Acupuncture could be effective and safe for PSCI. Nevertheless, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the high ROB of included trials and very low quality of evidence for assessed outcomes.

scholarly journals Acupuncture for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Liaoyao Wang ◽  
Jia Xu ◽  
Yijun Zhan ◽  
Jian Pei
Keyword(s):  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objective. Our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for OSA patients with various severities of the disorder. Methods. Eight databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP (CQVIP), Wanfang Data, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were comprehensively searched till July 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing acupuncture in the treatment of OSA were eligible for inclusion. Studies were selected for inclusion, and data were extracted by two authors independently. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Assessment Tool and RevMan software (version 5.3) were used to evaluate the quality of studies and conduct statistical analysis. Results. Nine RCTs with 584 participants were included. The trials covered acupuncture and electropuncture. Acupuncture caused clinically significant reductions in AHI (MD: -6.18; 95% CI: -9.58 to -2.78; Z=3.56, P=0.0004) as well as in ESS (MD: -2.84; 95% CI: -4.80 to -0.16, Z=2.09, P=0.04). AHI was reduced more in the subgroup analysis of moderate OSA patients (MD: -9.44; 95% CI: -12.44 to -6.45; Z=6.18, P<0.00001) and severe OSA patients (MD: -10.09; 95% CI: -12.47 to -7.71; Z=8.31, P<0.00001). ESS was also reduced more in the subgroup analysis of moderate OSA patients (MD: -2.40; 95% CI: -3.63 to -1.17; Z=3.83, P=0.0001) and severe OSA patients (MD: -4.64; 95% CI: -5.35 to -3.92; Z=12.72, P<0.00001). Besides, acupuncture had a beneficial effect on LSaO2 (MD: 5.29; 95% CI: 2.61 to 7.97; Z=3.86, P=0.0001). The outcome of AHI and LSaO2 yielded consistent results after sensitivity analysis, but the direction of the outcome of ESS was reversed. And the quality of evidence was mainly low to very low. Conclusions. Acupuncture therapy is effective for OSA patients in reducing AHI and ESS and in improving the LSaO2 of various severities, especially in moderate and severe OSA patients. High-quality trials are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Review and Meta-Analysis of PPR in Goat and Sheep of Bangladesh from 2000 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2099-2104
Author(s):  
F. M. Yasir Hasib ◽  
Sharmin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Prevalence Estimation ◽  
The World ◽  
Cumulative Prevalence

Peste des petits ruminant (PPR), considered as goat plague is the most fatal infectious viral disease for small ruminants. This disease is endemic in many parts of the world including Bangladesh causes extensive loss on livestock and economy. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of PPR and this is the first meta-analysis on PPR as per authors knowledge in Bangladesh. Articles published during the years 2000 to 2019 on the topic PPR within three electronic databases were used for prevalence estimation by random effect meta-analysis model. A total of 39 articles were finally included in the model for prevalence estimation of goat and sheep. 1589784 goat and 142036 sheep were included in the study for analysis. Analysis showed prevalence of PPR was 15.17% (95% CI: 15.11-15.22) and 9.17% (95% CI: 9.02-9.32), respectively for goat and sheep. As PPR is affecting small ruminants in variable percentage in different districts of Bangladesh, this study estimates the cumulative prevalence of Bangladesh. This study may act as a baseline for taking effective control strategy of PPR in Bangladesh through proper allocation of resources on a priority basis.

scholarly journals Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Bai ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Tingyu Pan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Dian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease, of which the etiology has been poorly understood. Several studies have focused on the relationship between IPF and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the past years but have failed to reach a consensus. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between diabetes to IPF.Methods: We accumulated studies investigating the association between DM and IPF from databases including Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. RevMan 5.3 and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were utilized to analyze the data and assess the quality of the included studies. The value of odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the measure to estimate the risk of DM in IPF. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2 statistics. We also performed subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and Egger’s test for bias analysis. Results: Nine case-control studies with 5,096 IPF patients and 19,095 control subjects were included in the present meta-analysis, which indicated that DM could increase the risk of IPF (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.30-2.10; P < 0.0001). Meta-regression and subgroup analysis negated the influence of covariates like cigarette smoking, age and gender, but the heterogeneity existed and could not be fully explained. Conclusion: The meta-analysis indicated that DM is highly probably related to IPF. Further rigorously designed studies are required to confirm the present findings and investigate the possible mechanisms behind the effect of DM on IPF.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Echinococcus in dogs in China from 2010 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0009268
Author(s):  
Qing-Long Gong ◽  
Gui-Yang Ge ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
And Control

Background Echinococcosis (canine Echinococcus disease) is a neglected tropical disease that causes serious public harm. Dogs, as a terminal host of Echinococcus spp., are a key part of the Echinococcus epidemic. Echinococcosis spreads easily in humans and animals in some areas of China and it is therefore necessary to fully understand the prevalence of Echinococcus spp. in dogs. Methodology/Principal findings PubMed, ScienceDirect, Chongqing VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang databases were searched for relevant articles published in the past 10 years. A final total of 108 studies were included. The overall prevalence of Echinococcus spp. in dogs in China was 7.3%, with the highest point estimate found in sampling year 2015 (8.2%) and publication year 2015 (16.5%). Northwestern China (7.9%) had the highest infection rate in China. Qinghai Province (13.5%) showed the highest prevalence among the 11 provinces we included. We also found that geographical and climatic factors are related to the incidence of canine echinococcosis. We further investigated the source of heterogeneity by analysis of subgroups (sampling district, detection method, dog type, season, parasite species, medication, and study quality level). Conclusions/Significance Our research indicated that Echinococcus spp. were still prevalent in some areas in China. More localized prevention and control policies should be formulated, including improving drinking water hygiene and strengthening hygiene promotion. We recommend the rational use of anti-Echinococcus drugs. In addition, treatment of livestock offal and feces and improving the welfare of stray dogs may play an important role in reducing canine Echinococcus infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of depression among old age: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosef Zenebe ◽  
Baye Akele ◽  
Mulugeta W/Selassie ◽  
Mogesie Necho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The World

Abstract Background Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. It is also one of the most common geriatric psychiatric disorders and a major risk factor for disability and mortality in elderly patients. Even though depression is a common mental health problem in the elderly population, it is undiagnosed in half of the cases. Several studies showed different and inconsistent prevalence rates in the world. Hence, this study aimed to fill the above gap by producing an average prevalence of depression and associated factors in old age. Objective This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a precise estimate of the prevalence of depression and its determinants among old age. Method A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of sciences, Google Scholar, and Psych-info from database inception to January 2020. Moreover, the reference list of selected articles was looked at manually to have further eligible articles. The random-effects model was employed during the analysis. Stata-11 was used to determine the average prevalence of depression among old age. A sub-group analysis and sensitivity analysis were also run. A graphical inspection of the funnel plots and Egger’s publication bias plot test were checked for the occurrence of publication bias. Result A search of the electronic and manual system resulted in 1263 articles. Nevertheless, after the huge screening, 42 relevant studies were identified, including, for this meta-analysis, n = 57,486 elderly populations. The average expected prevalence of depression among old age was 31.74% (95% CI 27.90, 35.59). In the sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence was higher among developing countries; 40.78% than developed countries; 17.05%), studies utilized Geriatrics Depression Scale-30(GDS-30); 40.60% than studies that used GMS; 18.85%, study instrument, and studies having a lower sample size (40.12%) than studies with the higher sample; 20.19%. Conclusion A high prevalence rate of depression among the old population in the world was unraveled. This study can be considered as an early warning and advised health professionals, health policymakers, and other pertinent stakeholders to take effective control measures and periodic care for the elderly population.

scholarly journals Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Bai ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Tingyu Pan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Dian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease, of which the etiology has been poorly understood. Several studies have focused on the relationship between IPF and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the past years but have failed to reach a consensus. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between diabetes to IPF. Methods We accumulated studies investigating the association between DM and IPF from databases including Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. RevMan 5.3 and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) were utilized to analyze the data and assess the quality of the included studies. The value of odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the measure to estimate the risk of DM in IPF. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2 statistics. We also performed subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and Egger’s test for bias analysis. Results Nine case–control studies with 5096 IPF patients and 19,095 control subjects were included in the present meta-analysis, which indicated a positive correlation between DM and IPF (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.30–2.10; P < 0.0001). Meta-regression and subgroup analysis negated the influence of covariates like cigarette smoking, age and gender, but the heterogeneity existed and could not be fully explained. Conclusion IPF and DM may be associated, but the causal relationship remains indeterminate till now. Further rigorously designed studies are required to confirm the present findings and investigate the possible mechanisms behind the effect of DM on IPF.

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