scholarly journals Emergence of a tet(M) Variant Conferring Resistance to Tigecycline in Streptococcus suis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yu ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Yindi Xu ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
Xin-Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Protein Sequence Analysis ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this study was to gain insight into the resistance determinants conferring resistance to tigecycline in Streptococcus (S.) suis and to investigate the genetic elements involved in their horizontal transfer. A total of 31 tetracycline-resistant S. suis isolates were screened for tigecycline resistance by broth microdilution. S. suis isolate SC128 was subjected to whole genome sequencing with particular reference to resistance determinants involved in tigecycline resistance. Transferability of genomic island (GI) GISsuSC128 was investigated by transformation. The roles of tet(L) or tet(M) in contributing to tigecycline resistance in S. suis were confirmed by transformation using different tet(L)- or tet(M)-carrying constructs. Only S. suis SC128 showed a tigecycline resistance phenotype. A tet(L)-tet(M) and catA8 co-carrying GISsuSC128 was identified in this isolate. After transfer of the novel GI into a susceptible recipient, this recipient showed the same tigecycline resistance phenotype. Further transfer experiments with specific tet(L)- or tet(M)-carrying constructs confirmed that only tet(M), but not tet(L), contributes to resistance to tigecycline. Protein sequence analysis identified a Tet(M) variant, which is responsible for tigecycline resistance in S. suis SC128. It displayed 94.8% amino acid identity with the reference Tet(M) of Enterococcus faecium DO plasmid 1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a tet(M) variant conferring resistance to tigecycline was identified in S. suis. Its location on a GI will accelerate its transmission among the S. suis population.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Catalysis of Peroxymonosulfate by MgO for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Peng ◽  
Xuekun Tang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Xianping Luo ◽  
Dongsheng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

In the study, magnesium oxide (MgO) was used to catalyze peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of organic pollutants for the first time. According to the single-factor experiment results, it was determined that MgO could efficiently catalyze PMS to degrade organic matters in a wide range of pH values. Based on radical quenching experiments and electron spinning resonance spectra, singlet oxygen was identified to be the crucial reactive species. Importantly, the oxygen vacancy on the surface of MgO was determined as the key active site, which accelerated the decomposition of PMS to produce singlet oxygen. This study provides an interesting insight into the novel and ignored catalyst of MgO for the highly efficient activation of PMS, which will greatly benefit the Fenton-like catalytic degradation of organic wastewater.

scholarly journals PFM-Like Enzymes Are a Novel Family of Subclass B2 Metallo-β-Lactamases from Pseudomonas synxantha Belonging to the Pseudomonas fluorescens Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Mattia Palmieri ◽  
Michael Brilhante ◽  
Amandine Masseron ◽  
Vincent Perreten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACT A carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas synxantha isolate recovered from chicken meat produced the novel carbapenemase PFM-1. That subclass B2 metallo-β-lactamase shared 71% amino acid identity with β-lactamase Sfh-1 from Serratia fonticola. The blaPFM-1 gene was chromosomally located and likely acquired. Variants of PFM-1 sharing 90% to 92% amino acid identity were identified in bacterial species belonging to the Pseudomonas fluorescens complex, including Pseudomonas libanensis (PFM-2) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFM-3), highlighting that these species constitute reservoirs of PFM-like encoding genes.

scholarly journals The novel ciliogenesis regulator DYRK2 governs Hedgehog signaling during mouse embryogenesis

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saishu Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Aoki ◽  
Ken Fujiwara ◽  
Takashi Nakakura ◽  
Akira Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Primary Cilia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

Mammalian Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays key roles in embryogenesis and uniquely requires primary cilia. Functional analyses of several ciliogenesis-related genes led to the discovery of the developmental diseases known as ciliopathies. Hence, identification of mammalian factors that regulate ciliogenesis can provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and ciliopathy. Here, we demonstrate that DYRK2 acts as a novel mammalian ciliogenesis-related protein kinase. Loss of Dyrk2 in mice causes suppression of Hh signaling and results in skeletal abnormalities during in vivo embryogenesis. Deletion of Dyrk2 induces abnormal ciliary morphology and trafficking of Hh pathway components. Mechanistically, transcriptome analyses demonstrate down-regulation of Aurka and other disassembly genes following Dyrk2 deletion. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that DYRK2 controls ciliogenesis and is necessary for Hh signaling during mammalian development.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterisation and Comparison of Three Human Coronaviruses (HKU1, OC43, 229E) from Patients and Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) from Cattle with Respiratory Disease in Slovenia

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Monika Jevšnik Virant ◽  
Danijela Černe ◽  
Miroslav Petrovec ◽  
Tomislav Paller ◽  
Ivan Toplak
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rna Polymerase Gene

Coronaviruses (CoV) are widely distributed pathogens of human and animals and can cause mild or severe respiratory and gastrointestinal disease. Antigenic and genetic similarity of some CoVs within the Betacoronavirus genus is evident. Therefore, for the first time in Slovenia, we investigated the genetic diversity of partial 390-nucleotides of RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase gene (RdRp) for 66 human (HCoV) and 24 bovine CoV (BCoV) positive samples, collected between 2010 and 2016 from human patients and cattle with respiratory disease. The characterized CoV strains belong to four different clusters, in three separate human clusters HCoV-HKU1 (n = 34), HCoV-OC43 (n = 31) and HCoV 229E (n = 1) and bovine grouping only as BCoVs (n = 24). BCoVs from cattle and HCoV-OC43 were genetically the most closely related and share 96.4–97.1% nucleotide and 96.9–98.5% amino acid identity.

Molecular and functional analysis of the novel cfr(D) linezolid resistance gene identified in Enterococcus faecium

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1699-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Guerin ◽  
Mohamed Sassi ◽  
Loren Dejoies ◽  
Asma Zouari ◽  
Sacha Schutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Linezolid Resistance ◽  
Long Read

Abstract Objectives To characterize the novel cfr(D) gene identified in an Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate (15-307.1) collected from France. Methods The genome of 15-307.1 was entirely sequenced using a hybrid approach combining short-read (MiSeq, Illumina) and long-read (GridION, Oxford Nanopore Technologies) technologies in order to analyse in detail the genetic support and environment of cfr(D). Transfer of linezolid resistance from 15-307.1 to E. faecium BM4107 was attempted by filter-mating experiments. The recombinant plasmid pAT29Ωcfr(D), containing cfr(D) and its own promoter, was transferred to E. faecium HM1070, Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 and Escherichia coli AG100A. Results As previously reported, 15-307.1 belonged to ST17 and was phenotypically resistant to linezolid (MIC, 16 mg/L), vancomycin and teicoplanin. A hybrid sequencing approach confirmed the presence of several resistance genes including vanA, optrA and cfr(D). Located on a 103 kb plasmid, cfr(D) encoded a 357 amino acid protein, which shared 64%, 64%, 48% and 51% amino acid identity with Cfr, Cfr(B), Cfr(C) and Cfr(E), respectively. Both optrA and cfr(D) were successfully co-transferred to E. faecium BM4107. When expressed in E. faecium HM1070 and E. faecalis JH2-2, pAT29Ωcfr(D) did not confer any resistance, whereas it was responsible for an expected PhLOPSA resistance phenotype in E. coli AG100A. Analysis of the genetic environment of cfr(D) showed multiple IS1216 elements, putatively involved in its mobilization. Conclusions Cfr(D) is a novel member of the family of 23S rRNA methyltransferases. While only conferring a PhLOPSA resistance phenotype when expressed in E. coli, enterococci could constitute an unknown reservoir of cfr(D).

scholarly journals Characterization of a DivergentvanD-Type Resistance Element from the First Glycopeptide-Resistant Strain of Enterococcus faeciumIsolated in Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3444-3446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libera M. Dalla Costa ◽  
Peter E. Reynolds ◽  
Helena A. P. H. M. Souza ◽  
Dilair C. Souza ◽  
Marie-France I. Palepou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Resistance Phenotype

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecium 10/96A from Brazil was resistant to vancomycin (MIC, 256 μg/ml) but gave no amplification products with primers specific for known van genotypes. A 2,368-bp fragment of a van cluster contained one open reading frame encoding a peptide with 83% amino acid identity to VanHD, and a second encoding a d-alanine-d-lactate ligase with 83 to 85% identity to VanD. The divergent glycopeptide resistance phenotype was designated VanD4.

scholarly journals First Report of the Carbapenemase Gene blaOXA-499 in Acinetobacter pittii

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan D'Souza ◽  
Naina Adren Pinto ◽  
Paul G. Higgins ◽  
Insik Hwang ◽  
Dongeun Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
First Report ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Acinetobacter Pittii ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT We identified the carbapenemase gene bla OXA-499, a variant of bla OXA-143, from a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter pittii for the first time. OXA-499 shared 93.1% amino acid identity with OXA-143, and the gene was located on the chromosome. By cloning the OXA-499-encoding gene into the pWH1266 vector and transforming it into susceptible Acinetobacter spp., we were able to show that OXA-499 confers resistance to carbapenems.

scholarly journals Oxacillinase-Mediated Resistance to Cefepime and Susceptibility to Ceftazidime in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1615-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Aubert ◽  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Jacqueline Chevalier ◽  
Sophie Leotard ◽  
Jean-Marie Pages ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Class D ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Efflux Mechanism

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate SOF-1 was resistant to cefepime and susceptible to ceftazidime. This resistance phenotype was explained by the expression of OXA-31, which shared 98% amino acid identity with a class D β-lactamase, OXA-1. Theoxa-31 gene was located on a ca. 300-kb nonconjugative plasmid and on a class 1 integron. No additional efflux mechanism for cefepime was detected in P. aeruginosa SOF-1. Resistance to cefepime and susceptibility to ceftazidime in P. aeruginosawere conferred by OXA-1 as well.

scholarly journals Novel Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Oxacillinase OXA-62 from Pandoraea pnomenusa

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1330-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Schneider ◽  
Anne Marie Queenan ◽  
Adolf Bauernfeind
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Additional Mechanism ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Pandoraea spp. are gram-negative, glucose nonfermenting rods detectable in blood cultures and sputa of cystic fibrosis patients. They are resistant to various antibiotic groups, with imipenem being the only active β-lactam. We isolated an imipenem-resistant (MIC, 64 μg/ml) Pandoraea pnomenusa strain from a cystic fibrosis patient. Cloning and sequencing identified two β-lactamases of Bush group 2d, namely, the known OXA-33, located on an integron, and the novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-62. OXA-62 is only distantly related to other oxacillinases (OXA-50 being closest with 43% amino acid identity). It hydrolyzes penicillins, oxacillin, imipenem, and meropenem but not expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. The bla OXA-62 gene is chromosome located. No transposable elements were found in its genetic neighborhood. With OXA-62-specific primers, bla OXA-62 could be identified in all P. pnomenusa strains and appears to be species specific. This additional mechanism of carbapenem resistance further complicates the treatment of infections caused by P. pnomenusa.

Synthesis of 3,5-ditetrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole-based complexes: a strategy for developing C–N-linked triheterocyclic energetic compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 4975-4979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Wu ◽  
Piao He ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
Qianyou Wang ◽  
Junqing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

Two complexes based on the novel C–N-linked triheterocyclic compound 3,5-ditetrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole (DTT) were reported for the first time. The present study has contributed to the field of C–N-linked polyheterocyclic systems and has provided a new insight into the design and synthesis of new energetic materials.

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