scholarly journals Case Report: Molecular and Pathological Investigations of Zoonotic Anatrichosoma Spp.-Induced Ulcerative Pododermatitis in a Domestic Cat in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanarit Jitsamai ◽  
Sawang Kesdangsakonwut ◽  
Thanakorn Srirat ◽  
Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

Anatrichosoma spp. is a group of trichuroid nematodes that mainly infect non-human primates and domestic cats. The lifecycle of these nematodes remains unclear. In non-human primates, Anatrichosoma spp. were found in the nasal cavity. However, ulcerative dermatitis has been reported in infected cats. An adult, intact, female domestic short-haired cat was presented with ulcerative pododermatitis of all limbs. Punch biopsy was performed at the edge of the ulcerative wound for histopathological investigation and showed necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells around the nematode-like lesion. Eggs with Capillaria-like characteristics were present. Tissue sections were subjected to DNA extraction and PCR targeting 18S rRNA, using primers designed from Anatrichosoma 18S rRNA. The phylogenetic tree revealed that DNA obtained from the lesion of the domestic cat was grouped with Anatrichosoma spp. from the olive glass mouse (Abothirx olivacea), Capillaria plica and Eucoleus aerophilus, both from the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes). The study is the first report of feline anatrichosomiasis in Thailand, and we present both pathological findings and molecular evidence. The cat was successfully treated with emodepsine/praziquantel. The skin lesion recovered within 3 days after anthelmintic treatment. Because Anatrichosoma spp. have been reported in humans, the zoonotic potential of this parasite should be considered.

scholarly journals Effects of CX3CL1 inhibition on murine bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922095990
Author(s):  
Soichi Yamada ◽  
Shion Miyoshi ◽  
Junko Nishio ◽  
Satoshi Mizutani ◽  
Zento Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Tissue Sections

Background: Treatment for interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with collagen diseases has not been established. There is a need to elucidate the pathogenesis of IP and develop a novel therapy. We aimed to clarify the role of chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine) in IP. Methods: Bleomycin (BLM) was intratracheally administered to C57BL/6 mice to induce IP. For treatment with control Ab or anti-CX3CL1 mAb, the mice were administered either Ab three times per week for 2 weeks from the day of BLM administration until euthanasia. Expressions of CX3CL1 and its unique receptor CX3CR1 in the lung tissue were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Cellular infiltration and lung fibrosis were evaluated based on hematoxylin-eosin-staining and Sirius red staining of the lung tissue sections, respectively. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were strongly expressed in the lung tissue from mice with BLM-induced IP (BLM-IP). Treatment with anti-CX3CL1 mAb did not significantly alter inflammatory cell infiltration or fibrosis in the lung tissue. However, the number of M1-like macrophages in BALF was decreased and surface CD3 expression on T cells was increased by anti-CX3CL1 mAb treatment. Conclusions: Inhibition of CX3CL1 decreased inflammatory cells and may attenuate T cell activation in BALF. CX3CL1 inhibitor may have the potential to suppress the infiltration and activation of immune cells in IP.

scholarly journals Feeding behaviour of red fox and domestic cat populations in suburban areas in the south of Paris

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-743
Author(s):  
Irene Castañeda ◽  
Diane Zarzoso-Lacoste ◽  
Elsa Bonnaud
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
The South ◽  
Suburban Areas

Detection of Theileria species infecting equine population in Punjab by 18S rRNA PCR

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Sumbria ◽  
L. D. Singla ◽  
Amrita Sharma ◽  
Paramjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Host Animal ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Present study demonstrates the prevalence and risk factors of infection to equines with Theileria species in Punjab, (India). The prevalence by thin blood film examination and Polymerase chain reactions based molecular assay was 4.17 and 33.33%, respectively. PCR targeting 18S rRNA gene of Theileria sp. produced high fidelity 1,100 bp amplification products with 100% sensitivity to blood films. The assessment of various risk factors revealed the prevalence of Theileria sp. to be uniformly distributed in equine population; the age of host animal being apparently the most influential factor for infection (Odds ratio= 1.6154, P= 0.41). The multiple sequence alignment revealed that the primer pair used could perceive the presence of wide range of species of Theileria genus; however the phylogenetic analysis of the custom sequenced amplicons clustered in one node with diverse Theileria equi isolates indicating the evolutionary homology.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of Block3 Region of Merozoite Surface Protein-2 Gene and Multiplicity of Infection in Plasmodium Falciparum in Urban and Rural Settings of Adama and Its Surroundings, Oromia, Ethiopia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen File ◽  
Hunduma Dinka ◽  
Lemu Golassa
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Merozoite Surface Protein ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Malaria Burden ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
The Status ◽  
Polymorphic Gene ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Abstract Background: Despite significant progress achieved globally in reducing malaria burden, still it is one of the major public health problems in Ethiopia. Furthermore, better understanding of genetic polymorphism of P. falciparum: the most virulent and predominant malaria parasite primarily targeted in malaria control and elimination program is paramount. Analysis of block 3 region of msp-2 gene of P. falciparum provides strong molecular evidence to evaluate the real picture of malaria epidemiology to fine-tune the ongoing control and elimination programs in the region.Thus, this study aimed to examine the status of such polymorphic gene and its implications in Adama and its surrounding.Methods: A total of 171 Dry Blood Spot (DBS) samples were collected from uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients from September 2019 to August 2020. Tween® 20 and Chelex method was employed for parasite DNA extraction. A total of 148 samples were successfully amplified by nested PCR targeting msp-2 alleles (IC/3D7 and FC27) followed by gel electrophoresis for fragment analysis. Results: Seventeen different polymorphic forms of msp-2 allelic fragments were detected in the study area. Moreover, a total of 47 (31.8%) and 41(27.7%) were detected for IC/3D7 and FC27 allelic family, respectively. Furthermore, the multi-clonal allele type accounted for 60(40.5%). The overall MOI was 1.4 and the expected heterozygosity is 0.49 indicating nearly intermediate malaria transmission in the study area.Conclusions: The study revealed nearly intermediate genetic diversity and polyclonal infection of P. falciparum in the study area, demanding further scale up of the ongoing control and elimination efforts.

scholarly journals Esophageal Infection of Spirocerca lupi with Vulpes rueppellii in Yazd Province, Iran: Case Report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad HOSEINI ◽  
Hooman RONAGHI ◽  
Bahram Ali ZAHERI ◽  
Amir Hossein MOSHREFI ◽  
Mohammad Ali ADIBI
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Spirocerca Lupi ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Vascular Thrombosis ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

Spirocerca lupi is an international nematode of Canine and wild carnivores. The generic clinical symptoms are regurgitation, vomiting, and pursiness. The parasite usually procreates nodular masses in the esophagus and pectoral aorta. On July 2014, a four-month male sandy fox was found accidentally killed on the road in Bafgh City, Southeast of Yazd, Yazd Province, Iran during necropsy, referring to esophagus, parasites were collected from esophagus and transmissive up to 70% of alcohol. Parasites were recognized as S. lupi. After clarification of lactophenol and staining, the nematodes were recognized as S. lupi according to key guidelines of Taylor. Besides, the tissue samples were isolated from esophagus wall - the appendix site of nematode for histopathological investigation - so they were transmissive up to 10% of buffered formalin and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Microscopic diagnoses in esophagus were included epithelial destruction, wall thickening, inflammatory cells infiltration, necrosis and vascular thrombosis. With the author’s knowledge, this is the first report and histopathological investigation of S. lupi in sandy fox.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the skin and hair of clinically healthy dogs and cats

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
O. S. Snopenko ◽  
◽  
O. P. Timoshenko ◽  
A. Y. Ulyanitskaya ◽  
D. V. Kibkalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Healthy Dogs

The article describes the histological characteristics of the skin of clinically healthy domestic dogs and cats, presents morphometric data on the thickness of the skin, layers of the epidermis, the area of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles; describes sexual and seasonal skin replacements in domestic dogs and cats, common in the east of Ukraine. The material for research is the skin of clinically healthy dogs and cats. Research method is histological. Punch-biopsy of skin fragments was performed in animals on the right from the middle of the lateral surface of the back. Fragments of skin after fixation in 10 % neutral formalin were examined by paraffin, followed by staining of slides with hematoxylin-eosin and by gelatin impregnation, staining with Sudan II, hematoxylin of Karachi. In horizontal and vertical skin sections, the following was investigated: the thickness of the epidermis, papillary and reticular layers, the length and width of the sweat and sebaceous glands, follicle of the hair, the location of hair bundles and the ratio of secondary follicles to primary ones. The histological characteristics of skin and derivatives in dogs and cats have been established. The information obtained from morphometric histostudies indicates significant fluctuations in the values in cats depending on the season; the difference in skin thickness in winter and summer reached 1407 μM and had the same parameters in females and males. The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis correlated with the total skin thickness as 53.9 and 60.3 % in winter and 45.4 and 38.7% in summer, respectively. Epidermal seasonal changes were less significant. The papillary layer of the skin of the domestic cat was more developed than the reticular layer, in contrast to the dogs. The area of the basal sebaceous glands in cats averaged 0.05 mm2 in summer and 0.013 mm2 in winter. In domestic dogs, skin thickness and hair density did not depend on seasonal changes, but on the sex of the animals; in females, the skin was on average 496 + 183 microns thick, and the density was not significantly higher than in males. The area of the sebaceous glands averaged 0,020 mm2 in dog, in cats 0.013 mm2 in summer and in winter – 0.05 mm2.

scholarly journals Rickettsiae in Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Marbled Polecat (Vormela Peregusna) and Their Ticks in Northwestern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Wenbo Tan ◽  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Wumei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Rickettsia Sibirica ◽  
First Time

Abstract BackgroundPreviously, twelve Rickettsia species were found in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (common pipistrelle: Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks.MethodsDuring 2018-2019, 12 red foxes, 1 marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (northwestern China). The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers.ResultsA total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four H. erinacei ticks were removed from a marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2-32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and H. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in organs of marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings add to the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT WITH TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4 ANTAGONIST RESATORVID ON METHOTREXATE-INDUCED LIVER INJURY IN RATS: HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Bassim I Mohammad ◽  
Bassim S Ahmed ◽  
Alaa F Hassan ◽  
Samer F Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the histopathological changes after pretreatment with resatorvid against methotrexate induced-liver injury.Methods: 28 male albino-wistar rats divided into random 4 groups (7 rats in each). Control group: Rats left untreated. Vehicle pre-treated group: Rats were administered dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) followed by methotrexate (MTX). Methotrexate treated group: Rats left untreated then administered MTX. Resatorvid pre-treated group: Rats were administered resatorvid followed by MTX. 24 h after the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed. Liver tissue samples dissected out immediately and fixed in 10% formalin. The traditional procedures (paraffin-embedded method) was used to prepare liver tissue for microscopic evaluation by none alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Activity Score Components.Results: Liver tissue sections of MTX-treated group show moderate-to-severe steatosis of hepatic cells and micro- and macro- hepatocellular fatty degeneration and giant fatty cysts with chronic inflammatory cells infiltration. While liver tissue sections of the resatorvid pre-treated group show moderate hepatic cellular fatty degeneration, with a decreased number of fatty cysts chains and the inflammation disappeared.Conclusion: Resatorvid hepatoprotective effect against MTX-induced injury was promising throughout resolving the accompanying inflammation and partial restoring histopathological fatty alterations.

scholarly journals Rickettsiae in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks in northwestern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Wenbo Tan ◽  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Wumei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Rickettsia Sibirica ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lung And Kidney

Abstract Background Previously, twelve Rickettsia species were identified in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks. Methods During 2018–2019, 12 red foxes, one marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of the XUAR. The heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of these 13 carnivores were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Hard ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA, sca1). Results A total of 26 adult ticks and 28 nymphs (38 Ixodes canisuga, nine Ixodes kaiseri, six Haemaphysalis erinacei and one Dermacentor marginatus) were collected from red foxes, and four Ha. erinacei ticks were removed from the marbled polecat. Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences indicated that 2–32 nucleotides differed between I. canisuga, I. kaiseri and Ha. erinacei from northwestern China and Europe. Rickettsia raoultii was detected in three red foxes, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in a red fox, Rickettsia sibirica in a red fox and a marbled polecat, and R. raoultii in two tick species (I. canisuga and D. marginatus). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, I. canisuga and I. kaiseri have not been previously reported from red foxes in China. The DNA of R. sibirica and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in the organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica in the organs of a marbled polecat. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii in I. canisuga. Our findings expand the range of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and associated ticks in China.

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