scholarly journals Effect of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine on Pregnancy Failure in Beef Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Garcia-Pintos ◽  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Alejo Menchaca
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
To Receive

This study evaluates whether the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination increases pregnancy failures in Bos taurus beef cows. A total of 3,379 cows were assigned to two experimental groups to receive (n = 1,722) or not receive (n = 1,657) a FMD vaccine (commercial preparation containing FMD virus, O1 Campos and A24 Cruzeiro) at different gestational age. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography at vaccination time (Day 0), and the cows were classified by days of pregnancy as follows: (a) <29 days after mating (presumed pregnant cows, n = 778), (b) between 30 and 44 days of pregnancy (n = 1,100), (c) 45 and 59 days of pregnancy (n = 553), and (d) between 60 and 90 days of pregnancy (n = 948). Pregnancy failure was determined 30 days after vaccination by a second ultrasound examination. Cows that were vaccinated within 29 days after mating had a 7.8% greater pregnancy failure rate than non-vaccinated cows (44.1%, 163/370 vs. 36.3%, 148/408, respectively; P <0.05). Cows vaccinated between 30 and 44 days of gestation had a pregnancy failure rate greater than non-vaccinated cows (4.9%, 28/576 vs. 2.5%, 13/524, respectively; P <0.05). When cows received the vaccine between days 45 and 90 of gestation no differences in pregnancy failure were observed (0.8%, 6/776 vs. 1.2%, 9/725, respectively; P = NS). Body temperature and local adverse reactions to vaccine inoculation were recorded in a subset of 152 multiparous cows. Hyperthermia (>39.5°C) was detected on Day 1 or 2 in 28.0% (21/75) of vaccinated vs. 7.8% (6/77) of non-vaccinated cows (P <0.01). Local adverse reaction to the FMD vaccine inoculation increased from 0.0% (0/75) on Day 0, to 15.7% (11/75) on Day 4, and 38.7% (29/75) on Day 10 (P <0.01). On Day 30 local reaction was detected in 10.5% (34/323) and fell to 2.2% on Day 60 (7/323) post vaccination (P <0.01). In conclusion, FMD vaccine increases pregnancy failure when it is administered before 45 days of gestation, an effect that was associated with hyperthermia and local adverse reaction. No effect on pregnancy failure was found when vaccination was performed after 45 days of gestation.

scholarly journals Effect of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination on Acute Phase Immune Response and Anovulation in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Daehyun Kim ◽  
Joonho Moon ◽  
Jaejung Ha ◽  
Doyoon Kim ◽  
Junkoo Yi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease is the most common method for preventing the spread of the disease; the negative effects include miscarriage, early embryo death, lower milk production, and decreased growth of fattening cattle. Therefore, in this study, we analyze the side effects of vaccination by determining the acute immune response and ovulation rate after vaccinating cows for foot-and-mouth disease. The test axis was synchronized with ovulation using 100 Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows from the Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research Institute; only individuals with estrus confirmed by ovarian ultrasound were used for the test. All test axes were artificially inseminated 21 days after the previous estrus date. The control group was administered 0.9% normal saline, the negative control was injected intramuscularly with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 µg/kg), and the test group was administered a foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine (FMDV vaccine; bioaftogen, O and A serotypes, inactivated vaccine) 2, 9, and 16 days before artificial insemination. White blood cells and neutrophils increased significantly 1 day after vaccination, and body temperature in the rumen increased for 16 h after vaccination. Ovulation was detected 1 day after artificial fertilization by ovarian ultrasound. The ovulation rates were as follows: control 89%, LPS 60%, FMDV vaccine (−2 d) 50%, FMDV vaccine (−9 d) 75%, and FMDV vaccine (−16 d) 75%. In particular, the FMDV vaccine (−2 d) test group confirmed that ovulation was delayed for 4 days after artificial insemination. In addition, it was confirmed that it took 9 days after inoculation for the plasma contents of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A to recover to the normal range as the main acute immune response factors. The conception rate of the FMDV vaccine (−2 d) group was 20%, which was significantly lower than that of the other test groups.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of foot-and-mouth disease in large ruminants in periurban dairy farms near Islamabad, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umer Farooq ◽  
Aman Ullah ◽  
Hamid Irshad ◽  
Asma Latif ◽  
Khalid Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Fmd Virus ◽  
Bos Taurus Indicus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

AbstractBackgroundFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an enzootic viral disease affecting livestock in Pakistan.ObjectivesTo determine the seroprevalence of FMD in large ruminants in periurban dairy farms near Islamabad.MethodsSerum samples were collected from 636 large ruminants during 2011 to 2012; 584 (92%) were buffaloes (Bos bubalis bubalis) and 52 (18%) were cattle (Bos taurus indicus). The population sampled was mainly adult (n = 514) and female (n = 596). Sera were assayed for antibodies against a nonstructural protein of the FMD virus using a Chekit FMD-3ABC bo-ov enzyme immunoassay Kit (Idexx Laboratories). Data were analyzed using a χResultsThe seroprevalence of FMD in the ruminants was 46% (n = 293, 95% confidence interval (CI); 42.18- 49.95) and was significantly higher in buffaloes (285, 97%; χConclusionsLarge ruminants in periurban dairy farms near Islamabad have a high FMD virus seroprevalence and play a potential role in the persistence and transmission of FMD in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Pituitary Extracts and the Virus of Foot-Andmouth Disease—the Effect on the Virus of Certain Chemical Methods Employed in Their Preparation

1939 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Foot And Mouth

THe experiments recorded here were initiated following upon the occurrence in this country of foot-and-mouth disease in a cow, which a short time previously had been injected for the purpose of inducing oestrus with a pituitary extract imported from the Continent. Mr D. A. E. Cabot, M.R.C.V.S., Chief Veterinary Officer of the Ministry of Agriculture, made reference to this interesting case in a discussion on foot-and-mouth disease at the First Imperial Veterinary Conference held in London (1938). Confirmation of the nature of the infection was obtained by the inoculation of test animals under experimental conditions with suitable material collected from the injected animal. Further investigations were made. Three ampoules containing pituitary extract were obtained from the distributors in London of the imported commercial preparation under discussion. These ampoules belonged to the same batch as the ampoule with the extract from which the cow had been inoculated. Messrs A. Eccles, M.R.C. V.S. and A. M. Graham, M.R.C.V.S., at the Experimental Station of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Committee at Pirbright, tested this material for virus infectivity by the inoculation of cattle and guinea-pigs. They reported that all three samples of pituitary extract were contaminated with the virus of footand-mouth disease. In addition they produced evidence that the immunological type of the virus recovered from the extract in the ampoules was the same as that of the virus recovered from the cow, viz. Vallée and Carré 0. This and additional information left no doubt that the outbreak of the disease had been produced by the inoculation of the pituitary extract, and further that this extract had been prepared from the pituitary glands of cattle, which were very probably in the early stages of infection with foot-and-mouth disease at the time of slaughter.

scholarly journals Computational insights into RNAi-based therapeutics for foot and mouth disease of Bos taurus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmaya Kumar Sahu ◽  
Anoop Kishor Singh Gurjar ◽  
Prabina Kumar Meher ◽  
Cini Varghese ◽  
Sudeep Marwaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Mature Mirnas ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Host Genome ◽  
Sense Strand ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Control Virus

AbstractFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) endangers a large number of livestock populations across the globe being a highly contagious viral infection in wild and domestic cloven-hoofed animals. It adversely affects the socioeconomic status of millions of households. Vaccination has been used to protect animals against FMD virus (FMDV) to some extent but the effectiveness of available vaccines has been decreased due to high genetic variability in the FMDV genome. Another key aspect that the current vaccines are not favored is they do not provide the ability to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals. Thus, RNA interference (RNAi) being a potential strategy to control virus replication, has opened up a new avenue for controlling the viral transmission. Hence, an attempt has been made here to establish the role of RNAi in therapeutic developments for FMD by computationally identifying (i) microRNA (miRNA) targets in FMDV using target prediction algorithms, (ii) targetable genomic regions in FMDV based on their dissimilarity with the host genome and, (iii) plausible anti-FMDV miRNA-like simulated nucleotide sequences (SNSs). The results revealed 12 mature host miRNAs that have 284 targets in 98 distinct FMDV genomic sequences. Wet-lab validation for anti-FMDV properties of 8 host miRNAs was carried out and all were observed to confer variable magnitude of antiviral effect. In addition, 14 miRBase miRNAs were found with better target accessibility in FMDV than that of Bostaurus. Further, 8 putative targetable regions having sense strand properties of siRNAs were identified on FMDV genes that are highly dissimilar with the host genome. A total of 16 SNSs having > 90% identity with mature miRNAs were also identified that have targets in FMDV genes. The information generated from this study is populated at http://bioinformatics.iasri.res.in/fmdisc/ to cater the needs of biologists, veterinarians and animal scientists working on FMD.

scholarly journals Effects of vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus on reproductive performance of Bos indicus beef cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. L. Ferreira ◽  
R. F. Cooke ◽  
R. S. Marques ◽  
H. J. Fernandes ◽  
C. E. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Biophysical Measurement of Molecular Weight of Foot-and-Mouth Disease RNA Fragments

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Sydney S. Breese ◽  
Howard L. Bachrach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Rna Fragments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Continuing studies on the physical and chemical properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have included electron microscopy of RNA strands released when highly purified virus (1) was dialyzed against demlneralized distilled water. The RNA strands were dried on formvar-carbon coated electron microscope screens pretreated with 0.1% bovine plasma albumin in distilled water. At this low salt concentration the RNA strands were extended and were stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid. Random dispersions of strands were recorded on electron micrographs, enlarged to 30,000 or 40,000 X and the lengths measured with a map-measuring wheel. Figure 1 is a typical micrograph and Fig. 2 shows the distributions of strand lengths for the three major types of FMDV (A119 of 6/9/72; C3-Rezende of 1/5/73; and O1-Brugge of 8/24/73.

High resolution surface structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
S. S. Breese ◽  
H. L. Bachrach
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Models for the structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have been proposed from chemical and physical measurements (Brown, et al., 1970; Talbot and Brown, 1972; Strohmaier and Adam, 1976) and from rotational image-enhancement electron microscopy (Breese, et al., 1965). In this report we examine the surface structure of FMDV particles by high resolution electron microscopy and compare it with that of particles in which the outermost capsid protein VP3 (ca. 30, 000 daltons) has been split into smaller segments, two of which VP3a and VP3b have molecular weights of about 15, 000 daltons (Bachrach, et al., 1975).Highly purified and concentrated type A12, strain 119 FMDV (5 mg/ml) was prepared as previously described (Bachrach, et al., 1964) and stored at 4°C in 0. 2 M KC1-0. 5 M potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7. 5. For electron microscopy, 1. 0 ml samples of purified virus and trypsin-treated virus were dialyzed at 4°C against 0. 2 M NH4OAC at pH 7. 3, deposited onto carbonized formvar-coated copper screens and stained with phosphotungstic acid, pH 7. 3.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document