scholarly journals Rozpowszechnianie, zachowywanie i nauczanie języka polskiego w świecie w latach 1918–2018, część III: Badania zbiorowości polonijnych, ich języka i kultury, bilingwizmu polsko-obcego oraz nauczania polszczyzny w świecie w latach 1970–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3/2020(772)) ◽  
pp. 7-33
Author(s):  
Władysław T. Miodunka
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The State ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Bilingualism And Multilingualism ◽  
Polish Foreign

Part three of the paper concerning the Polish language around the world in the period 1918–2018 is dedicated to discussing academic studies analysing the process of preserving and passing on the Polish language in the countries where Polish communities have settled, dissertations on Polish-foreign bilingualism in Sweden, Brazil, Austria, Argentina, Australia, France, Germany, UK, Poland, Belarus, and Ukraine, and fi nally, studies describing teaching Polish as a foreign language, as a heritage language, and as a second language. Part one of the paper concerning the Polish language around the world in the period 1918–2018 ended with the statement that the ambitious action plans of the pre-war Polish authorities lacked the base in the form of the knowledge of the transformations of the Polish communities all over the world and aid for teaching Polish as a foreign language. Part three presents the important sociolinguistic output referring to the Polish language across the world, Polish-foreign bilingualism, and multilingualism, and fi nally, to teaching Polish as a foreign, second, and heritage language, which contributes to the fl ourishing Polish glottodidactics. There are currently no ambitious actions on the part of the state authorities addressing the evolving Polish glottodidactics, which relies on ad-hoc undertakings of university glottodidactics centres.

scholarly journals The use of English in Indonesia: Status and Influence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gali Alrajafi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Language Status ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research is a qualitative research which aims to describe the state of the use of English in Indonesia, in terms of language status and its influence on Indonesian society. To realize the purpose of this paper, the authors collected several news stories from national websites (such as Republika, Tribun News, detikNews, ANTARA, and Tempo) regarding the use of English in Indonesia as data that is explained and interpreted by descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that English is common and has massive use, even though it is still a foreign language. In fact, English has moved to improve its linguistic status, namely starting to act as a second language and the language of instruction.

scholarly journals STRATEGIE UCZENIA SIĘ SŁOWNICTWA – OBCOKRAJOWCY VS. UŻYTKOWNICY JĘZYKA ODZIEDZICZONEGO

Neofilolog ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Anna Seretny
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Heritage Language Learners ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Vocabulary Learning Strategies ◽  
Class Level ◽  
Polish Language

In an average Polish language intermediate class (level B1/B2) there are two types of learners; namely, heritage language learners (HLLs) and foreign language learners (FLLs). HLLs are of Polish origin and have gained partial knowledge of the language in a natural environment, unlike FLLs who have learnt Polish in a formal institutional setting and have no Polish roots whatsoever.Teachers of Polish as a foreign/second language claim (in anecdotal evidence), that HLLs speak more fluently, particularly when talking about everyday topics, and that their production sounds more native like, as it is more formulaic. HLLs are, however, perceived as poorer vocabulary learners than FLLs. The aim of the research described in this article was to find out if this phenomenon can be ascribed to the different number and/or type of vocabulary learning strategies used by learners from the two groups.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE SITUATION IN DARGO: STATE, SPECIFICITY, STUDY ISSUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Kh.A. Yusupov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Specificity Study ◽  
Bilingualism And Multilingualism

The article is devoted to an overview of the linguistic situation in Dargo, namely to the problems of the state, specificity and study of the linguistic situation. The degree of study of the ethno-regional linguistic picture of the world is shown. Particular attention is paid to the development and functioning of bilingualism and multilingualism among the Dargins. Attention is also drawn to such a region-specific feature as Russian-Dargin bilingualism, as well as the functioning of dialectal linguistic forms and the importance of studying RussianDargin language contacts. The need to support the codified form of the Dargin language is noted.

scholarly journals The Output Hypothesis and its influence in the second language learning/teaching: An interview with Merrill Swain

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Antonia De Jesus Sales
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Canadian Researcher ◽  
Output Hypothesis

ABSTRACT: This paper presents an interview with Merrill Swain, a Canadian researcher who proposed the Output Hypothesis, a way to understand the relevance of producing (by speaking/writing) the foreign language during its learning. According to Output Hypothesis, the learner may notice gaps while, test cognitive hypothesis and think in a metalinguistic way while producing the foreign language. This hypothesis influenced plenty of research in the second language learning/teaching field around the world, considering Brazil as well.

scholarly journals A NEW PERSPECTIVE AT TEACHING POLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE. TEXTBOOK REVIEW PRZEMYSŁAW GĘBAL I WŁADYSŁAW T. MIODUNKA, DYDAKTYKA I METODYKA NAUCZANIA JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO JAKO OBCEGO I DRUGIEGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 248-250
Author(s):  
Paweł Levchuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
New Perspective

The publication presents a review of the textbook of famous Polish linguists Przemysław E. Gębal and Władysław T. Miodunka. The concept and methodology of the job description are presented. The authors divide the textbook into a theoretical part, which deals with the history of teaching and the current state of the Polish language in the world, while in the practical part, the authors present the work of Polish and world linguistics in the didactics of Polish as a foreign language.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jack Copley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Financial Liberalization ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Backlash

This chapter introduces the concept of financialization, surveys the scholarly literature on this topic, and makes the case for this book’s novel contribution to these debates. It is widely recognized that the world economy has become financialized, yet the role of states in furthering this process has been underexamined. While many accounts point out that states were crucial in propelling financialization through policies of financial liberalization, these accounts tend to argue that the state did so either due to the lobbying power of financial elites and the influence of neoliberal norms or because policymakers were seeking to construct an alternative growth model based on financial accumulation. These two accounts of the role of states in spurring financialization—which can be termed interest-based and ideational explanations and functionalist explanations—fail to capture the reactive and ad hoc nature of the policymaking that resulted in financial liberalization. In the case of Britain, the agenda of financial liberalization in the 1970s and 1980s that propelled the City of London’s ascent was not chiefly driven by lobbying or ideology, nor was it intended to inaugurate a financialized growth model. Instead, by analysing declassified state archives, this book shows that policymakers pursued such policies as short-term measures to navigate through the stagflation crisis of that era. Financial liberalization was deployed in a messy fashion, either to postpone the worst effects of the crisis so as to maintain governing legitimacy, or to enact painful economic restructuring in a manner that shielded the state from political backlash.

Online Work Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
pp. 334-353
Author(s):  
Pınar Ersin ◽  
Derin Atay ◽  
Fatoş Uğur Eskiçırak
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 global pandemic affected many areas adversely, mainly health and education, all over the world. In education, this sudden pandemic led to efforts to bring about a set of rapid and radical solutions. As in many parts of the world, in March 2020, Turkey took steps to mitigate the potentially devastating consequences of the pandemic by changing face-to-face (F2F) education to online education. This unparalleled change in the method of delivery was new to many teachers ranging from subject matter to foreign language teaching, from novice to experienced, and most of them were unprepared. They had to face many challenges, one of which was work engagement. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have been conducted on online work engagement of instructors under the pandemic conditions in Turkey. Thus, the present study was an attempt at contributing to the field by examining second language (L2) English instructors' level of work engagement on online education and their perceptions on work engagement.

scholarly journals Rozpowszechnianie, zachowywanie i nauczanie języka polskiego w świecie w latach 1918–2018. Część I: Polszczyzna i Polacy w świecie w latach 1918–1939.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1/2020(770)) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Władysław T. Miodunka
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The University ◽  
Ethnic Schools ◽  
Foreign Universities ◽  
Polish Foreign

On the occasion of Poland’s regaining its independence in 1918, several papers have been written to depict the development and transformations of the Polish language over the period 1918–2018. However, none of the studies covered popularising Polish by emigrant communities in various countries around the world, preserving it and passing it down to new generations in a bilingual environment, and its teaching not only in ethnic schools but also in higher education institutions. This paper addresses the abovementioned issues by presenting relations between the Polish state and emigration communities in the period 1918–1939 fi rst. A characteristic typical of this period was the fact that governmental authorities treated emigrants and their descendants as Poles around the world who may pursue the objectives of the Polish foreign policy. With this in mind, the World Union of Poles (Światpol) was established in 1934, which was opposed by representatives of the Polish American community. A further part of the paper presents the organisation of summer school of the Polish language and culture at the University of Warsaw and the Jagiellonian University in Kraków beginning from 1931, teaching of the Polish language in Polish schools abroad and aid provided to them by Poland, and fi nally, courses of Polish and programmes in Polish Studies offered at foreign universities.

scholarly journals Do the Stories Help to Develop Communication Skills to the Students at School Level?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
K. Gayithri Devi
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Correct Response ◽  
School Level ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
The World ◽  
New Ideas

ommunication involves freedom and unpredictability. In the so called “conversation practice”, the students utter pre-written dialogue. There is no freedom, no choice and no unpredictability. Traditional teachers never gave them a chance and deprive the learners of freedom by giving them the correct response or interpretations. They avoid all vocabulary and structural items that are not prescribed. They will explain all new ideas and concepts in advance, leaving nothing unpredictable or undecided. Thus the learner fails to get a chance to manage himself/herself. Now a days, this communicative skills are widely adopted in many parts of the world to teach the second and foreign language. The English as a foreign and second language our teachers have felt that the ultimate aim of language forms are taught to the pupils with a belief that their knowledge would lead to the use of those forms in communication. But their transfer from form to use is not taking place in the majority of cases. Therefore, there is a growing feeling that teaching should be communicative centered based on activities.

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