Allelopathic Effect of some Crops Residues on Germination and Growth of Four Weed Species

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potentials for utilization of Artemisia herba-alba and Anthemis arvensis shoot aqueous extract at different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) to suppress the germination and growth of Panicum turgidum and Portulaca oleracea (weeds of crop fields) in Petri dish experiment. Results indicated that the degree of inhibition on seed germination and growth of the recipient species was largely dependent on the concentration of A. herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract. The aqueous extract of A.herba-alba showed the highest allelopathic effect on the germination of the seeds of P. turgidum, (10%,10% and 0%) while the effect of A. arvensis shoot aqueous extract was greater on the germination of the seeds P. oleracea (40%,0% and 0%). Percentage germination of the two selected crop species Triticum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare also de-creased as the A.herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract concentra-tion increased from 1% to 5% (90%,80% and 70%),(40%,40% and 20%). But the inhibition percentage was largely less than that of weed species. The results also showed that H.vulgare was more sensitive than T. aestivum and responds more strongly to the increase of concentration of A. herba-alba shoot aqueous extract . Results also showed that the radicle length of almost all tested species was more sensitive to allelochemicals from A.herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract than plumule length. Therefore, A. herba-alba and A. arvensis shoot aqueous extract may offer promises for their usefulness as a tool for weed management.

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Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolens L.) on Germination and Growth of Some Weed Species

10.25135/rfac.01.2107.2151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Tamer Üstuner ◽

Kamal Almhemed ◽

Muhammad Al Sakran ◽

Menderes Üstüner

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Sorghum Halepense ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Average Height ◽

Weed Species ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Cuscuta Campestris ◽

Germination And Growth

The experiment was implemented by CRD design with three replications and lasted for 40 days, from 5 October until 15 November 2020. Four extract concentrations of D. graveolens 0, 2, 6, and 10% were used. The concentration of 0% was considered as control. The allelopathic effect has been studied on five weed species; Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Sorghum halepense L., and Cuscuta campestris Yunck. The research also aimed to determine the effect of Stinkwort extract on the growth of tomato seedlings. All concentrations affected seed germination for all studied weeds. The concentration of 10% was more influential in growth-related indicators compared to other concentrations. The seeds of L. multiflorum and rhizomes of S. halepense were more tolerant to D. graveolens allelochemicals in germination rate than A. retroflexus, P. oleracea, and C. campestris. All concentrations led to a reduction in the weed heights and the wet and dry weights compared with the controls. The effect of the extract with various concentrations was catalytic for the growth of tomato seedlings, as the average height of tomato seedlings was in direct proportion to the concentration.

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Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolens L.) on Germination and Growth of Some Weed Species

Records of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.25135/rfac.2.2107.2151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1-2) ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

Tamer Üstuner ◽

Kamal Almhemed ◽

Muhammad Al Sakran ◽

Menderes Üstüner

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Sorghum Halepense ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Average Height ◽

Weed Species ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Cuscuta Campestris ◽

Germination And Growth

The experiment was implemented by CRD design with three replications and lasted for 40 days, from 5 October until 15 November 2020. Four extract concentrations of D. graveolens 0, 2, 6, and 10% were used. The concentration of 0% was considered as control. The allelopathic effect has been studied on five weed species; Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Sorghum halepense L., and Cuscuta campestris Yunck. The research also aimed to determine the effect of Stinkwort extract on the growth of tomato seedlings. All concentrations affected seed germination for all studied weeds. The concentration of 10% was more influential in growth-related indicators compared to other concentrations. The seeds of L. multiflorum and rhizomes of S. halepense were more tolerant to D. graveolens allelochemicals in germination rate than A. retroflexus, P. oleracea, and C. campestris. All concentrations led to a reduction in the weed heights and the wet and dry weights compared with the controls. The effect of the extract with various concentrations was catalytic for the growth of tomato seedlings, as the average height of tomato seedlings was in direct proportion to the concentration.

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Allelopathic Potential of Etlingera coccinea (B.) Sakai & Nagam on Seed Germination and Growth of Mung Bean and Siam Weed

Science Letters ◽

10.24191/sl.v15i2.13829 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 79-89

Author(s):

Mohamad Nadzrin Mohamad Zainurin ◽

◽

Nurfitri Harman ◽

Lo Chor Wai ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Suppressive Effect ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Weed Species ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Germination And Growth

Etlingera coccinea, a native Borneon Zingiberaceae are found to exert allelopathic effect on some weed species. The objective of this study is to investigate the allelopathic effects of hexane (80%), methanol (80%), ethyl acetate (80%) extracts from the dried powder of both stem and leaf of E. coccinea on mung bean (Vigna radiata) and Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata). The phytochemical screening of both stem and leaf crude extracts elicited saponin, tannin, flavonoid, and terpenoid, which are targeted bioactive compounds for allelopathy. The allelopathic activity was assessed by evaluating their effects on seed germination and percentage of radicle and shoot growth. The results showed that both stem and leaf extracts have a suppressive effect on the mung bean development during in-vitro bioassay. The methanolic extracts of both stem and leaf showed the most significant suppression (100%) than other solvent extracts. In the pot experiment, the methanolic stem extracts suppressed the Siam weed’s germination by 57 ± 0.13% and the methanolic leaf extracts suppressed the growth by 46 ± 0.29%. The present study shows that E. coccinea methanolic extract has the potential as bio-herbicide.

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Allelopathy of aqueous Pachyrhizus erosus L. extracts on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4851117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 59-65

Author(s):

Jaqueline de Araujo Barbosa ◽

Silvio Douglas Ferreira ◽

Adriana Cologni Salvalaggio ◽

Neumárcio Vilanova da Costa ◽

Márcia de Moraes Echer

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Tuberous Root ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Root Extract ◽

Weed Species ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽

Dry Biomass

ABSTRACT Allelopathy contributes to the sustainable management of weeds in growing areas, due to its ability to inhibit the development of weed species. This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Pachyrhizus erosus extract on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa germination. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to the plant portion (shoot and tuberous root), the second to the extract preparation method (water at room temperature and boiling) and the third to the extract concentrations (0 %, 25 %, 50 % and 100 %). Phytochemical analyses were performed to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. The variables germination percentage, germination rate index and dry biomass decreased with increasing aqueous extract concentrations for both E. heterophylla and B. pilosa. When applied a P. erosus crude shoot extract (boiling), decreases of 18 % and 92 % were observed in the E. heterophylla and B. pilosa germination, respectively, with a decrease of 91 % in the dry biomass of E. heterophylla seedlings. The tuberous root extract (boiling), on the other hand, reduced the germination percentages for E. heterophylla and B. pilosa in 18 % and 80 %, respectively. The phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and saponins in the shoot and tuberous root extracts, while tannins were only observed in the shoot extract. Thus, it can be concluded that P. erosus extracts display an allelopathic effect on the weed species evaluated.

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ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF A WEED SPECIES, CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO (L.) HEPPER.)

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj108 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 123-128

Author(s):

Prabhakaran J ◽

Kavitha D ◽

Arumugam K

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Vigna Mungo ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Black Gram ◽

Weed Species ◽

Weight Content ◽

Whole Plants ◽

Cleome Viscosa

The present study was aimed to investigate the allelopathic influence of two weed species Cyperus rotundus L. and Cleome viscosa L. against the growth of Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Aqueous extracts (5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% concentrations) of whole plants of C. rotundus and C. viscosa were employed to investigate their influence on the germination and seedling growth of the black gram. The aqueous whole plants extracts ( from 5% to 100% concentrations) of C. rotundus and C. viscosa exhibited an inhibitory effects on all the parameters employed in the germination percentage, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry weight, content of chlorophyll, starch, sugar and protein contents of Black gram over control. The extracts of both the weeds caused a minimum inhibition on germination and seedling growth of Black gram at 5% concentration and the intensity of inhibition increased when increased extract concentrations. The aqueous extracts of C. rotundus and C. viscosa showed an inhibitory effect on Black gram but their effect was more severe on black gram by the extract treatments of C. rotundus than that of C. viscosa.

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HERBICIDAL EFFICACY OF ROOT EXUDATES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) ON BARNYARD GRASS (ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI L.)

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj121 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 26-29

Author(s):

Prabhakaran J ◽

Kavitha D

Keyword(s):

Root Exudates ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Weed Species ◽

Underground Part ◽

Barnyard Grass ◽

Crop Field ◽

Germination And Growth

A laboratory study was conducted to assess the herbicidal potential of root exudates of three rice cultivars (ADT-36, BPT and IR-20) against germination and growth of common crop field weed, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.). Various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of root exudates were prepared from the underground part of rice cultivars from the postharvest rice fields. The studies revealed that all the three rice cultivars were exhibited significant inhibition on growth and development of weed species. Among the rice cultivars, ADT-36 exhibited the greatest inhibition on the seed germination (86%), seedling growth(83%), dry weight (81%) of barnyard cross than BPT and ADT-36. The percentage of inhibition on concentration depends. The order of inhibition of the rice cultivars was ADT-36 > BPT > IR-20 on barnyard grass.

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Allelopathic effect of corn, alfalfa, redroot pigweed and bermuda grass on germination and growth of rye

International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) ◽

10.12692/ijb/3.3.41-49 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Mehrdad Yarnia

Keyword(s):

Bermuda Grass ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Redroot Pigweed ◽

Germination And Growth

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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj106 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 114-117

Author(s):

Anbarasan R ◽

Prabhakaran J

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Weed Species ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

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