scholarly journals Acoustical Environment Studies in the Modern Urban University Campuses

Acoustics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Hsiao Mun Lee ◽  
Heow Pueh Lee ◽  
Zhiyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Urban University ◽  
Suzhou City ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Acoustic Environments

The quality of the acoustic environments at Xi’an Jiatong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) and Soochow University (Dushuhu Campus, SUDC) in Suzhou City were investigated in the present work through real-time noise level measurements and questionnaire surveys. Before commencing the measurements and surveys, these two campuses’ sound sources were summarized and classified into four categories through on-site observation: human-made, machinery, living creatures, and natural physical sounds. For the zones near the main traffic road, with a high volume of crowds and surrounded by a park, sound from road vehicles, humans talking, and birds/insects were selected by the interviewees as the major sound sources, respectively. Only zone 3 (near to a park) at XJTLU could be classified as A zone (noise level < 55 dBA) with an excellent quality acoustical environment. All other zones had either good or average quality acoustical environments, except zone 1 (near to main traffic road) at XJTLU, with a fair-quality acoustical environment.

KAMPÜS İÇİ ULAŞIMDA ALTERNATİF SEÇİMLER: KARABÜK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rukiye Tekin ◽  
Metin Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
City Image ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Demographic Features

The contribution of universities to economic structure, social and physical insfrastructure, the quality of life and city, and the level of education cannot be regarded. Therefore, it should be provided that university campuses should be areas which reflect city image with their physical structures. In this regard, the effective administration, usage, and development of universities, and the coordination between the units of universities should also be provided. One of the most significant elements of this coordination and cooperation is on campus transportation. One of the main purposes of the thesis is to evaluate inner campus transportation which is the sub-unit of city transportation. Other purposes are to determine the reasons of the perception of the users in reference to their demographic features on campus transportation and the reasons of their preferences of a particular transportation option. A survey study has been conducted in order to measure inner campus transportation perceptions. In this regard, 1112 questionnaire forms have been analysed by the software programme of SPSS. Expression analysis of the reliability, frequency distribution and factors are obtained, and differences were identified by ANOVA and T-TEST analysis.

scholarly journals Resilience to maintain quality of intrapartum care in war torn Yemen: a retrospective pre-post study evaluating effects of changing birth volumes in a congested frontline hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Obel ◽  
Antonio Isidro Carrion Martin ◽  
Abdul Wasay Mullahzada ◽  
Ronald Kremer ◽  
Nanna Maaløe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Maternal Health Service ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Intrapartum Care ◽  
Health Service Access ◽  
Low Volume

Abstract Background Fragile and conflict-affected states contribute with more than 60% of the global burden of maternal mortality. There is an alarming need for research exploring maternal health service access and quality and adaptive responses during armed conflict. Taiz Houbane Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Yemen was established during the war as such adaptive response. However, as number of births vastly exceeded the facility’s pre-dimensioned capacity, a policy was implemented to restrict admissions. We here assess the restriction’s effects on the quality of intrapartum care and birth outcomes. Methods A retrospective before and after study was conducted of all women giving birth in a high-volume month pre-restriction (August 2017; n = 1034) and a low-volume month post-restriction (November 2017; n = 436). Birth outcomes were assessed for all births (mode of birth, stillbirths, intra-facility neonatal deaths, and Apgar score < 7). Quality of intrapartum care was assessed by a criterion-based audit of all caesarean sections (n = 108 and n = 82) and of 250 randomly selected vaginal births in each month. Results Background characteristics of women were comparable between the months. Rates of labour inductions and caesarean sections increased significantly in the low-volume month (14% vs. 22% (relative risk (RR) 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45-0.87) and 11% vs. 19% (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71)). No other care or birth outcome indicators were significantly different. Structural and human resources remained constant throughout, despite differences in patient volume. Conclusions Assumptions regarding quality of care in periods of high demand may be misguiding - resilience to maintain quality of care was strong. We recommend health actors to closely monitor changes in quality of care when implementing resource changes; to enable safe care during birth for as many women as possible.

scholarly journals Face Grinding Surface Quality of High Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composite Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Yadong Gong ◽  
Guiqiang Liang ◽  
Ming Cai ◽  
Bing Han
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
High Volume Fraction ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Al Composite

AbstractThe existing research on SiCp/Al composite machining mainly focuses on the machining parameters or surface morphology. However, the surface quality of SiCp/Al composites with a high volume fraction has not been extensively studied. In this study, 32 SiCp/Al specimens with a high volume fraction were prepared and their machining parameters measured. The surface quality of the specimens was then tested and the effect of the grinding parameters on the surface quality was analyzed. The grinding quality of the composite specimens was comprehensively analyzed taking the grinding force, friction coefficient, and roughness parameters as the evaluation standards. The best grinding parameters were obtained by analyzing the surface morphology. The results show that, a higher spindle speed should be chosen to obtain a better surface quality. The final surface quality is related to the friction coefficient, surface roughness, and fragmentation degree as well as the quantity and distribution of the defects. Lower feeding amount, lower grinding depth and appropriately higher spindle speed should be chosen to obtain better surface quality. Lower feeding amount, higher grinding depth and spindle speed should be chosen to balance grind efficiently and surface quality. This study proposes a systematic evaluation method, which can be used to guide the machining of SiCp/Al composites with a high volume fraction.

scholarly journals Social Perception and Urbanscape Identity of Flagship Cultural Developments in Szczecin (in the Re-Urbanization Context)

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Eliza Sochacka ◽  
Magdalena Rzeszotarska-Pałka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Functional Complexity ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Urban Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Developments

A growing number of urban interventions, such as culture-led regeneration strategies, has emerged alongside growing awareness of the concept of re-urbanization. These interventions evolve to create a holistic urban vision, with aims to promote social cohesion and strengthen local identity as opposed to traditional goals of measuring the economic impact of new cultural developments. Szczecin’s, Poland urban strategy is focused on the expansion of culture—a condition for improving the quality of life and increasing the city’s attractiveness. This article assesses the potential for re-urbanization of Szczecin’s flagship cultural developments. Questionnaire surveys and qualitative research methods were used to assess the characteristics that distinguish cultural projects in the formal, location-related, functional, and symbolic layers, as well as examining their social perception. The results show that the strength of these indicators of urbanscape identity affects how the cultural developments are assessed by the society. Semiotic coherence and functional complexity of the structures have a significant impact on the sense of identification, while their monumentality and exposure contribute to the assessment of the impact on their surroundings. A development with a firm identity, embedded in the city’s tradition not only preserves the cultural heritage of the city but also makes inhabitants feel association with the new project.

scholarly journals The emergence of coercive federal Australian labour law, 1901–2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110039
Author(s):  
Eugene Schofield-Georgeson
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Union Power ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Labour Legislation ◽  
Employment Legislation

Over the past two decades, industrial relations scholarship has observed a trend towards an increasingly punitive industrial environment along with the ‘re-regulation’ of labour law. Absent from much of this literature, however, has been an empirical and historical measurement or comparison of the scale and quality of this systemic change. By surveying coercive and penal federal industrial legislation over the period 1901–2020, this study shows empirically that over the last 40 years, there has been a steep increase in the amount of coercive federal labour legislation in Australia. It further measures and compares the volume of coercive labour legislation enacted specifically against ‘labour’ and ‘capital’ or both throughout the same period (1901–2020). Analysis reveals a correlation between a high volume of coercive labour legislation with low levels of trade union power and organisation. Argued here is that coercive labour legislation has been crucial to transitioning from a liberal conciliation and arbitration model of Australian industrial relations towards a neoliberal framework of employment legislation. In the former, regulation was more collective, informal and egalitarian (embodied by the sociological concept of ‘associative democracy’). Under a neoliberal framework, regulation is now more individualised, technical, punitive and rarely enforced, resulting in less equal material outcomes.

Land-uses as Quality of Making Successful Streets in Sulaimaniya City Centre, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musaab Al-Obeidy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
City Center ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Although, the diverse activities and uses are one of the significant key factors to improve quality of streets, some places and shops in Mawlawi Street are disappeared or used by few number of people, while others are used by high number of people. Moreover, just some attractions and points of interest (POIs) are located in the Global Positioning System (GPS). This issues lead to lake of finding urban diversity in Mawlawi Street. This paper examines and find out the diversity of activities and uses that improves the quality of streets and makes successful streets in Sulaimaniya City Centre. It is also to identify POIs provided in GPS. The study employed a mix-methodology method. 330 questionnaire surveys, 20 semi-structured interview, and qualitative and quantitative observation, were conducted in Mawlawi Street. The results show that the diverse activities and choices are important key to make streets of Sulaimaniya City Center successful. There is also a need to define and insert many places on map for enhancing diversity. To secure the quality of the Street, this study suggests to improve the quality of goods and shops, provide night activities, and refresh some left places and shops along the Street.

Effects of Railway Noise on Residents’ in A Residential Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Ria Anggreani Syahputri ◽  
Budi Damianto
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Influence Of Noise

Population growth in Depok City is large and not in accordance with development land causes many residents’ to build houses with conditions <5 meters from the line of Electric Rail Train or Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL); this causes changes in the quality of the environment, including noise. The objective of this study is to determine the noise level, and the results will be compared with the standard noise level of the residential area; also, to find the influence of noise on residents’. This research was conducted in the area of ​​Rawa Geni Raya Street, 1st Neighborhood, Ratu Jaya Urban Village, Depok City. Noise measurements were carried out at 5-points using a simple method with a noise level measuring instrument (SLM). At one time, the measurement was taken for 10 minutes with a reading time of every 5 seconds. The questionnaire was measured using a Purposive Random Sampling technique, and the number of samples was calculated using the Slovin formula. The results of this study indicate that the 5-point noise level exceeds the recommended threshold according to KEPMEN LH 48 of 1996 and PERMENKES 718/1987 at  55 dB(A). The largest value for the 24-hour noise level (LSM) is at point 1, which is 5 m from the KRL line. The noise level on the weekday is 75.32 dB(A) and 74.24 dB(A) on weekends. According to PERMENKES No 718/1987, the location of point 1 should be included in Area D as an industrial zone, plant, railway station, and bus terminal. The results of questionnaires by 34 respondents showed that the noise generated by KRL was noisy and the majority of respondents agreed the noise affected the comfort level; in terms of health, respondents agreed KRL noise caused sleep disturbances and hearing loss.

Survey of the Bacterial Populations of Bologna Products1,2

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN T. FRUIN ◽  
JAMES F. FOSTER ◽  
JAMES L. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count

Bologna products most frequently are stored and consumed as refrigerated products. Thus bacteria that survive processing or those that contaminate the product subsequent to processing are not destroyed. Ten types of presliced, vacuum-packaged bologna products were purchased from a high-volume retail market and analyzed for total aerobic plate count (APC) and common foodborne pathogens. No Salmonella were isolated. Less than 1% of the 419 samples analyzed contained either Clostridium perfringens or Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 4% of the samples, but only one sample contained more than 1000/g. Just over 5% of the samples contained coliform organisms. The manufacturer appeared to play an important role in bacterial quality of the finished items. An APC &lt; 5 × 106/g is a realistic criterion for bologna products at the time of delivery to retail markets.

scholarly journals Does the packaging of health information affect the assessment of its reliability? A randomized controlled trial protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Leela Raj ◽  
Denise Smith ◽  
James Heilman
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Health Information ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Wikipedia is frequently used as a source of health information. However, the quality of its content varies widely across articles. The DISCERN tool is a brief questionnaire developed in 1996 by the Division of Public Health and Primary Health Care of the Institute of Health Sciences of the University of Oxford. They claim it provides users with a valid and reliable way of assessing the quality of written information. However, the DISCERN instrument’s reliability in measuring the quality of online health information, particularly whether or not its scores are affected by reader biases about specific publication sources, has not yet been explored. Methods This study is a double-blind randomized assessment of a Wikipedia article versus a BMJ literature review using a modified version of the DISCERN tool. Participants will include physicians and medical residents from four university campuses in Ontario and British Columbia and will be randomized into one of four study arms. Inferential statistics tests (paired t-test, multi-level ordinal regression, and one-way ANOVA) will be conducted with the data collected from the study. Outcomes The primary outcome of this study will be to determine whether a statistically significant difference in DISCERN scores exists, which could suggest whether or not how health information is packaged influences how it is assessed for quality. Plain Language Summary The internet, and in particular Wikipedia, is an important way for professionals, students and the public to obtain health information. For this reason, the DISCERN tool was developed in 1996 to help users assess the quality of the health information they find. The ability of DISCERN to measure the quality of online health information has been supported with research, but the role of bias has not necessarily been accounted for. Does how the information is packaged influence how the information itself is evaluated? This study will compare the scores assigned to articles in their original format to the same articles in a modified format in order to determine whether the DISCERN tool is able to overcome bias. A significant difference in ratings between original and inverted articles will suggest that the DISCERN tool lacks the ability to overcome bias related to how health information is packaged.

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