scholarly journals A Stability Analysis Using AΜΜΙ and GGE Biplot Approach on Forage Yield Assessment of Common Vetch in Both Conventional and Low-Input Cultivation Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Vasileios Greveniotis ◽  
Elisavet Bouloumpasi ◽  
Stylianos Zotis ◽  
Athanasios Korkovelos ◽  
Constantinos Ipsilandis
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
The Stability

Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a widespread legume crop in the Mediterranean mega-environment, due to its versatile uses and its compatibility with organic and low-input farming systems. However, its adaptation to various such environments should be studied and varieties suitable for forage yield must be selected. This study aimed to explore forage yield stability of common vetch varieties based on the stability index, with a specific target to explore common vetch variety behavior in various environments. Six Greek varieties of common vetch were used over four environments for two years. The cultivation was conducted using a strip plot with the varieties randomized within each plot in both conventional and low-input cultivation systems. (Alexandros) and (Tempi) varieties showed stability for days to 50% of flowering (index >4000), while (Pigasos) and (Zefyros) for fresh forage yield (>200) across environments. Combined estimations, also showed stability of (Pigasos) and (Zefyros) for fresh forage yield. Comparisons between the conventional and low-input farming systems generally showed minor differences but revealed varieties that exhibit stable performance even in the low-input farming systems, where stability is generally a little higher. The AMMI and GGE biplot analysis depicted the stability performance of the varieties regarding the traits under experimentation. As far as the fresh forage and dry matter yield, (Zefyros) was the most stable and productive variety over all others. Correlations between traits displayed the positive relation of fresh forage yield with days for 50% flowering and dry forage yield. Positive correlations may be proved useful for indirect breeding through traits with high stability leading to the selection of traits that show low stability.

scholarly journals Assessment of Interactions between Yield Components of Common Vetch Cultivars in Both Conventional and Low-Input Cultivation Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Vasileios Greveniotis ◽  
Elisavet Bouloumpasi ◽  
Stylianos Zotis ◽  
Athanasios Korkovelos ◽  
Constantinos Ipsilandis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
The Stability

The primary purpose of this study was to explore yield stability of common vetch varieties based on the stability index, with a specific aim of exploring common vetch variety behavior regarding the yield of legumes under both conventional and low-input cultivation systems. Six varieties of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), namely, cv. Filippos, cv. Omiros, cv. Alexandros, cv. Tempi, cv. Zefyros and cv. Pigasos, were used. The cultivation was conducted using a strip-plot design with the six varieties randomized within each plot in two farming systems (conventional and low-input). Filippos was the best variety in conventional farming for seed yield, followed by Omiros. Omiros was the best variety in the low-input farming system for seed yield. Comparisons between conventional and low-input farming systems generally did not display any effect on stability estimations, but revealed the varieties that exhibit stable performance even in low-input farming systems. Stability analysis via the AMMI1 and GxE biplot analysis for one main factor showed two groups of varieties for seed yield with similar behavior. Genotype and environment distribution were used to group varieties that showed better performance in certain environments for seed yield but with differences in comparison to other traits. Correlations between traits showed the positive relation of seed yield to the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the pod length, the mean weight of pods and, especially, the hay weight (r = 0.771), a useful finding for indirect selection for breeders. The results provide valuable data regarding the genetic material, its adaptability and stability in varied environments and suitability for low-input cultivation systems.

scholarly journals Yield Components Stability Assessment of Peas in Conventional and Low-Input Cultivation Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Vasileios Greveniotis ◽  
Elisavet Bouloumpasi ◽  
Stylianos Zotis ◽  
Athanasios Korkovelos ◽  
Constantinos G. Ipsilandis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Stable Performance

The primary purpose of this study was to explore yield stability of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars based on stability index, with specific aim at studying cultivar behavior regarding yield of peas under both conventional and low-input cultivation systems. Five cultivars of peas were used in a strip-plot design. Correlations showed a significant positive relation between seed yield and some other traits. Indirect seed yield improvement may be implemented by improving pod length, which generally showed high stability indices in Greek mega-environment. Comparisons between conventional and low-input farming systems generally did not affect stability estimations, but revealed cultivars that exhibited stable performance, even in low-input farming systems. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) biplot analysis, genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences between genotypes and environments, and also the farming system. This way, we have certain cultivars of peas to recommend for specific areas and farming system, in order to achieve the most stable performance. Vermio proved to be a stable cultivar for seed yield performance, in Giannitsa, Trikala and Kalambaka area, in low-inputs farming systems, while Olympos was the best in Florina area and low-input farming.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genotype by Environment Interaction on Cocoa Hybrids (Theobroma cacao L.) Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Soesilo ◽  
Indah Anita Sari ◽  
Bayu Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wet Climate ◽  
The Stability

Phenomenon of genotype by environment interaction was able to influence the stability performance of cocoa resistance to Phytophthora pod rot (PPR). This research had an objective to evaluate the effect of genotype by environment interaction on resistance of cocoa hybrids to PPR. The tested hybrids were F1 crosses between selected clones of TSH 858, Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, NIC 7, ICS 13, KEE 2 and KW 165. There were 14 tested hybrids and an open pollinated hybrid of ICS 60 x Sca 12 was used as control in multilocation trials at four different agroclimatic locations, namely Jatirono Estate ((highland-wet climate), Kalitelepak Estate (lowland-wet climate), Kaliwining Experimental Station (low land-dry climate) and Sumber Asin Experimental Station (highland-dry climate). Trials were established in the randomized complete block design with four replications. Resistance to PPR were evaluated based on the percentage of infected pod for the years during wet climate of 2010 in Jatirono, Kalitelepak and Kaliwining followed in dry climate of 2011–2015 in Kaliwining and Sumber Asin. Variance of data were analyzed for detecting the effect of genotype by environment interaction (GxE) then visualized with a graph of genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction (a graph of GGE) biplot. There was consistently no interaction effect between hybrid and location to PPR incidence which was affected by single factor of hybrid, year, location and interaction between year and location. The effect of year indicated yearly change of weather was more important to PPR incidence than location difference. A graph of GGE biplot indicated a stable performance of the tested hybrids among locations.

A FORECAST OF PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF HOLSTEIN COWS BY INDIRECT SIGNS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
З.С. САНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Group I ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

В статье представлены материалы о взаимосвязи продолжительности продуктивного использования коров с характеристикой устойчивости к деградации, с возрастом отела и удоем. В исследованной, разнородной по происхождению, группе животных для прогноза продуктивного периода коров, обусловленного устойчивостью к деградации и возрастом первого отела, пригодно уравнение регрессии, аргументами в котором являются индекс устойчивости, возраст первого отела в первой и второй степенях. Коэффициент корреляции межу предсказанными значениями продуктивного периода и его фактическими величинами в I группе составляет 0,502, во II - 0,604. При этом крайние варианты прогнозируются со статистическими ошибками 5 мес при оценке индекса устойчивости по 2 лактациям и 4,1 мес по 3, а средние варианты, соответственно, 1,6 и 1,51 мес. Индекс устойчивости к процессу старения является важной характеристикой биологических особенностей коров, определяющий их продуктивное долголетие. Его оценка по первым 2 и 3 лактациям имеет прямолинейную связь с продуктивным периодом (r=0,4109 и r=0,5270), соответственно. Зависимость продуктивного периода от возраста первого отела криволинейная — с увеличением возраста первого отела сокращается срок продуктивного использования, при возрасте первого отела более 1400 дней срок продуктивного использования колеблется от 1,33 до 1,41 лактации. Коэффициент корреляции между этими характеристиками коров составляет - 0,2164 в I и - 0,2620 во II группах. The article presents materials about the relationship of the duration of productive use of cows with the characteristic of resistance to degradation, with the age of calving and milk yield. In the studied group of animals, which is heterogeneous in origin, the regression equation is suitable for predicting the productive period of cows due to resistance to degradation and the age of the first calving, the arguments of which are the stability index, the age of the first calving in the first and second degrees. The correlation coefficient between the predicted values of the productive period and its actual values in group I is 0.502, in group II - 0.604. At the same time, the extreme variants are predicted with statistical errors of 5 months when evaluating the stability index for 2 lactations and 4.1 months for 3, and the average variants, respectively, are 1.6 and 1.51 months. The index of resistance to the aging process is an important characteristic of the biological characteristics of cows, which determines their productive longevity. Its estimate for the first 2 and 3 lactations has a direct relationship with the productive period (r=0.4109 and r=0.5270), respectively. The dependence of the productive period age at first calving curvilinear with increasing age at first calving reduces the time to productive use, while age at first calving of more than 1400 days, the period of productive use ranges from 1.33 to 1.41 lactation. The correlation coefficient between these characteristics of cows is-0.2164 in I and-0.2620 in II groups.

scholarly journals Forage Potential of Cereal/Legume Intercrops: Agronomic Performances, Yield, Quality Forage and LER in Two Harvesting Times in a Mediterranean Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Monica Bacchi ◽  
Michele Monti ◽  
Antonio Calvi ◽  
Emilio Lo Presti ◽  
Antonio Pellicanò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Green Fodder

The crop yield and quality of seven annual forages (four grasses and three legumes) in sole crop and in mixtures (ratio 50:50) for oat (Avena sativa L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) and common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) were evaluated in a two-year field experiment adopting two harvesting times, green fodder and silage. The main bio-agronomic traits, dry matter forage yield (DMY) and quantity of crude protein (CP) were determined in both sole crop and intercrop. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was used for evaluating biological efficiency and competitive ability of the intercrops. Our results showed that the total calculated LER for fodder and protein yields was always greater than one and corresponded to crop yield advantages of 16.0% and 11.5%, respectively. Our data also highlighted the low competitive ability of the ryegrass in intercrop, which achieved the lowest yield among all the mixtures. Conversely, the same grass showed the best green fodder quality, due to the high incidence of the legume, equal (on average) to 46%. Triticale and barley, harvested for silage (hard dough stage), provided the best quantitative and qualitative results both in sole crop and intercropped with common vetch and pea, determined mainly by the cereal grain.

scholarly journals The stability index of a cactus

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Grant ◽  
D. A. Holton
Keyword(s):  
Connected Graph ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
The Stability

AbstractWe show that ifGis a connected graph of ordernsuch that no line lies in more than one cycle (in other words,Gis a cactus of ordern), then the stability index ofGis one of the integers 0, 1,n−7,n−6,n−5,n−4 orn.

Features of pubertal patients with schizophrenia neurocognitive profile

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S430-S431
Author(s):  
Y. Barylnik ◽  
S. Pakhomova ◽  
D. Samoylova ◽  
J. Abrosimova ◽  
E. Kolesnichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Structuring Element ◽  
Test Part ◽  
Psychic Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Neurocognitive Profile ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level

Identifying the patterns of neurocognitive disorders in pubertal schizophrenia is actual.MethodsBenton Test of visual retention, methods of forward and reverse bills, Bourdon correction sample, Wechsler's subtests (subtest 11 – “Encryption”, subtest 12 – “Labyrinths” 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), Trail Creating a Test Part A.ResultsAll patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group (schizophrenia) and second group (other psychic disorders) showed the worst results than healthy subjects. Qualitative analysis of the “Benton Test” results showed similar variations of difficulty and types of errors in the subjects of the first and second groups – ignoring the number of the figure sides, as well as difficulties in the structuring element of the image corners. The “Methods of forward and reverse bills” demonstrated the fatigue and attention instability. “Bourdon test” showed a high level of the stability index (K = 0.09). Wechsler's subtest “Encryption B” obtained poor results, indicating a pathological decrease in visual-motor speed. During the subtest “Labyrinths 1, 2, 3, 4, 5” the subjects of first and second groups exceeded the allowable time limit, but the first group of schizophrenia patients allowed more blunders during pubertal study (ignored the walls of the maze, torn pencil despite the given instructions). The test groups 1 and 2 while passing “Trail Creating a Test Part A” have shown good results – job data did not cause difficulties and carried out in accordance with the specified instructions.ConclusionsNeurocognitive disorders allow to confirm the presence of morphological and functional brain changes when endogenous mental illness occurs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

THE OASIS SOIL TYPE CHANGE AND ITS FRACTAL IN MANASI RIVER BASIN BETWEEN 1987–2006, ARID NORTHWESTERN CHINA / MANASI UPĖS BASEINO SAUSRINGOJE ŠIAURĖS VAKARŲ KINIJOJE OAZIŲ DIRVOŽEMIO TIPŲ POKYČIAI IR FRAKTALAI 1987–2006 M

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pujia Yu ◽  
Hailiang Xu ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Xinfeng Zhao ◽  
Qingqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Arid Northwestern China ◽  
Type Change ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Soil Changes

During the past 20 years, great landscape changes took place in the northwest of China. Landscape change resulted in soil type transformations. This paper discusses the changes and fractal of soil types in oasis. In order to do it, the soil type maps of Manasi River Basin in 1987 and 2006 were used. 13 types of soil and 2 types of land-use were classified and analyzed in the study area. Results indicated many variations in characteristics. Firstly, all soil types underwent remarkable changes from 1987 to 2006 in the study area: the identified changed area was about 30% or 6506.33 km2. Secondly, in comparison with 1987, in 2006 2/3 of the area's soil types increased, while 1/3 decreased. Rapid expansion of Aquicambids (415.28 km2), and rapid decrease of Petrocambids (797.05 km2) and Aquisalids (415.93 km2) were the noticeable findings. Furthermore, Haplocambids obtained largest gains from other soil types, while Petrocambids lost largest area to other types. Additionally, the fractal relationship objectively existed between the perimeter and area of soil patches. The fractal dimension of Aquisalids, Petrocalcids and Ustifluvents became higher and their shapes became more complex during this period. The stability index was higher in 2006 which indicated that the spatial structure of soil type was more stable than in 1987. These chaotic and occasional changes were largely caused by human activities and natural conditions. Consequently, environmental managers should pay more attention to soil changes in the arid and semiarid region. Santrauka Per pastaruosius 20 metų šiaurės vakarų Kinijoje įvyko didelių kraštovaizdžio pokyčių, lėmusių ir dirvožemio tipų pakitimus. Remiantis 1987–2006 m. Manasi upės baseino dirvožemio žemėlapiais, aptariami dirvožemio tipų pokyčiai ir fraktalai oazėse. Pasirinktoje teritorijoje išskirta ir analizuota 13 dirvožemio tipų ir dvejopa žemėnauda. Nustatyta daug kintamųjų parametrų. Pirma, tirtõs teritorijos visų tipų dirvožemiai nuo 1987 iki 2006 m. žymiai pakito. Nustatytoji pokyčių zona apima apie 30 % teritorijos, arba 6 506,32 km2. Antra, palyginti su 1987 m., 2006 m. 10 dirvožemio tipų teritorija padidėjo, o 5 tipų sumažėjo. Sparčiai padidėjo Aquicambids (415,28 km2), sparčiai sumažėjo Petrocambids (797,05 km2) ir Aquisalids (415,93 km2), pokyčiai buvo žymūs. Iš visų kitų pakitusių dirvožemių tipų Haplocambids plotai padidėjo daugiausia, o labiausiai, palyginti su kitais, sumažėjo Petrocambids plotai. Be to, pastebėta, kad tarp dirvožemio teritorijos plotų ir perimetrų objektyviai egzistuoja fraktalinės sąsajos. Fraktalinės dimensijos Aquisalids, Petrocalcids ir Ustifluvents per minėtą laikotarpį padidėjo, o jų formos tapo sudėtingesnės. Stabilumo indeksas 2006 m. buvo didesnis. Tai rodė, kad erdvinė dirvožemio struktūra mažai pakito, tapo stabilesnė, palyginti nei buvo 1987 m. Šiuos atsitiktinius pokyčius iš esmės lėmė žmogaus veikla ir gamtinės sąlygos. Prieita prie išvados, kad sausojo ar pusiau sauso klimato regionuose kraštotvarkos vykdytojai dirvožemio pokyčiams turėtų skirti daugiau dėmesio.

Densities of scaling limits of coupled continuous time random walks

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Magdziarz ◽  
Tomasz Zorawik
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Differential Equations ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Scaling Limits ◽  
Explicit Formulas ◽  
Material Derivative ◽  
Lévy Walks ◽  
Continuous Time Random Walks ◽  
Fractional Differential ◽  
The Stability

AbstractIn this paper we derive explicit formulas for the densities of Lévy walks. Our results cover both jump-first and wait-first scenarios. The obtained densities solve certain fractional differential equations involving fractional material derivative operators. In the particular case, when the stability index is rational, the densities can be represented as an integral of Meijer

Fertility, carbon stock and aggregate stability of an Alfisol under integrated farming systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Luan Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Flávio Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Ferreira Martins ◽  
Danillo Dutra Tavares ◽  
André Julio do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Integrated Farming Systems

ABSTRACT Integrated farming systems are promising strategies for the recovery of pastures and degraded soils. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrated farming systems arrangements, after four years of implementation, on the fertility, carbon stock and aggregate stability of an Alfisol, in the semiarid region of the Paraíba state, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design was used, with 5 treatments and 4 replications: Brachiaria decumbens; B. decumbens + Tabebuia impetiginous; B. decumbens + Gliricidia sepium; B. decumbens + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia; and B. decumbens + maize. The soil chemical attributes, fertility, carbon stock and structural and aggregate stability were evaluated in the 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m layers. The B. decumbens + maize system presented an organic matter content 11.93 % higher than B. decumbens, and was higher than the other systems evaluated. Concerning the carbon stock in the 0.00-0.10 m layer, in B. decumbens the uptake was 2.66 Mg ha-1 higher than that of the B. decumbens + maize system and, on average, 4.69 Mg ha-1 higher than for the systems with the arboreal component. In the medium-term, B. decumbens is more efficient in adding carbon to the soil. The soil structural stability, aggregate stability index and fertility were not affected by the different arrangements after four years of implementation.

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